Research
Sulforaphane
160 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Efficacy and safety of sulforaphane in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating sulforaphane in schizophrenia. Sulforaphane showed modest improvements in negative symptoms and general psychopathology, with favorable metabolic changes and lower discontinuation rates. No cognitive benefits were observed.
Investigating the clinical efficacy, safety and molecular mechanism of sulforaphane in autism spectrum disorder: an integrated study combining meta-analysis, network pharmacology, and computational biology.
Meta-analysis of six trials with 333 participants found that sulforaphane supplementation significantly decreased scores on the Social Responsiveness Scale in ASD patients compared to placebo. The study also explored the molecular mechanisms of sulforaphane, identifying core targets and pathways involved in its effects.
Effects of sulforaphane on ABC and SRS scales in patients with autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of sulforaphane's effects on Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) in patients with autism spectrum disorder. Sulforaphane significantly improved irritability and hyperactivity symptoms, suggesting potential for combined treatment of autism.
Protective effects of sulforaphane against toxic substances and contaminants: A systematic review.
Systematic review of sulforaphane's protective properties against toxic agents, focusing on its effects on the liver, nervous system, lungs, heart, immune system, kidneys, and endocrine system. Sulforaphane activates the Nrf2 pathway, enhancing antioxidant defenses, reducing oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, and inhibiting apoptosis.
Efficacy of sulforaphane in skin cancer animal models: A systematic review.
Systematic review of 9 studies evaluating sulforaphane's efficacy in preventing skin cancer in animal models. SFN demonstrated protective effects against skin tumorigenesis and UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis by inhibiting the activator protein 1 signaling pathway.
Sulforaphane exhibits potent renoprotective effects in preclinical models of kidney diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 preclinical studies evaluating the renoprotective effects of sulforaphane (SFN) in kidney disease models. SFN significantly improved renal function biomarkers, decreased urinary protein excretion, and improved kidney lesion histological indices.
Efficacy and tolerability of sulforaphane in the therapeutic management of cancers: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of RCTs assessing sulforaphane (SFN) in cancer treatment, including prostate, breast, pancreatic cancer, and melanoma. SFN showed significant alterations in genes and biomarkers, with inconsistent effects on PSA in prostate cancer and non-significant improvement in pancreatic cancer survival. No significant adverse events were reported.
Protective Effect of Isothiocyanates from Cruciferous Vegetables on Breast Cancer: Epidemiological and Preclinical Perspectives.
Systematic review of studies examining the protective effect of cruciferous vegetables and their isothiocyanate constituents on breast cancer. Preclinical evidence supports sulforaphane and other ITCs as potential therapeutic agents for breast cancer, with sulforaphane showing the greatest potential.
Sulforaphane ameliorates lipid profile in rodents: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of sulforaphane supplementation on lipid profiles and weight management in rodents fed a high-fat diet. Sulforaphane significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, but had no significant effect on HDL cholesterol.
Efficacy and Safety of Sulforaphane Added to Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
A 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT in Hunan, China, assessed the effect of high-dose sulforaphane on negative symptoms in antipsychotic-treated schizophrenia patients. Sulforaphane-treated patients showed a significantly greater decrease in PANSS negative symptom scores compared to placebo, with a large effect size at 24 weeks.
Effect of broccoli sprout extract and baseline gut microbiota on fasting blood glucose in prediabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
RCT of broccoli sprout extract (BSE) in 74 drug-naive individuals with prediabetes over 12 weeks. BSE did not meet the primary outcome of reducing fasting blood glucose by 0.3 mmol/l compared to placebo, achieving a 0.2 mmol/l reduction instead. Exploratory analyses identified subgroups with a pronounced response, linked to gut microbiota composition.
Sulforaphane Adjunct to Methylphenidate for Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.
RCT of 70 ADHD outpatients aged 6 to 11, comparing methylphenidate plus sulforaphane to methylphenidate plus placebo for 8 weeks. Sulforaphane group showed significant improvements in ADHD symptoms, including inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, with comparable side effect frequencies.
A Randomised Controlled Trial of SFX-01 After Subarachnoid Haemorrhage - The SAS Study.
This RCT evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of SFX-01, a delivery form of sulforaphane, in 105 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. SFX-01 was safe but did not significantly reduce inflammation or improve clinical outcomes.
A Phase 1 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Enteric-Coated Stabilized Sulforaphane (SFX-01) in Male Participants.
Phase 1 randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluating the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of enteric-coated stabilized sulforaphane (SFX-01) in healthy male participants. The study found that SFX-01 was safe and well-tolerated over 7 days, with rapid absorption and expected pharmacokinetic behavior.
Sulforaphane upregulates the mRNA expression of NRF2 and NQO1 in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease.
RCT evaluating the effects of 400 μg/day sulforaphane on mRNA expression of NRF2 and NQO1 in non-dialysis CKD patients. Sulforaphane increased NRF2 and NQO1 expression and improved antioxidant system, serum glucose, and phosphate levels.
Effects of sulforaphane glucosinolates from broccoli seed extract on the immune system of healthy Japanese adults
This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of sulforaphane glucosinolate from broccoli seed extracts on immune function and common cold symptoms in healthy Japanese adults. The SGS group showed a significantly lower cumulative number of days with common cold symptoms compared to the placebo group after 8 weeks, indicating a positive effect on immunity.
CO-Sprout—A Pilot Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial of Broccoli Sprout Powder Supplementation for Pregnant Women with COVID-19 on the Duration of COVID-19-Associated Symptoms: Study Protocol
A pilot double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial to assess the feasibility of using broccoli sprout extract supplementation in pregnant women with COVID-19. The study aims to investigate the duration of COVID-19-associated symptoms, maternal and neonatal outcomes, and biomarkers of infection and inflammation.
Modulation of carcinogenesis with selected GRAS nutraceuticals via Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Systematic review analyzing the role of 12 nutraceuticals, including sulforaphane, in modulating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway for cancer chemoprevention. Sulforaphane is highlighted as the most extensively studied compound in this context.
Efficacy of Sulforaphane in Treatment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Multi-center Trial.
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in China with 108 children with autism spectrum disorder. Clinician rated scales showed significant improvement in the sulforaphane group, with one third of participants showing at least a 30% decrease in score by 12 weeks. Caregiver rated scales showed no significant changes. Sulforaphane was safe and well-tolerated.
Brain Training and Sulforaphane Intake Interventions Separately Improve Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older Adults, Whereas a Combination of These Interventions Does Not Have More Beneficial Effects: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial.
RCT of 144 older adults examining the effects of brain training and sulforaphane intake on cognitive performance. Sulforaphane intake improved processing speed and working memory, but the combined intervention with brain training did not show additional benefits.
Efficacy and safety of sulforaphane for treatment of mild to moderate depression in patients with history of cardiac interventions: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
RCT evaluating the efficacy and safety of sulforaphane in treating depression in patients with a history of cardiac interventions. Sulforaphane group showed greater improvement in HAM-D scores and higher response rates compared to placebo, with no significant difference in side effects.
Randomized controlled trial of an adjunctive sulforaphane nutraceutical in schizophrenia.
Randomized controlled trial investigating the use of sulforaphane as an adjunctive nutraceutical in schizophrenia.
Sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigated the effects of sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment with risperidone on irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder. Sixty drug-free patients aged 4-12 years were assigned to receive risperidone plus sulforaphane or placebo. The sulforaphane group showed greater improvements in Irritability and Hyperactivity/Noncompliance scores compared to the placebo group, supporting its efficacy and safety as an adjuvant treatment.
Sulforaphane and Epigallocatechin Gallate Restore Estrogen Receptor Expression by Modulating Epigenetic Events in the Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effects of sulforaphane and epigallocatechin gallate on breast cancer cells. The compounds were found to restore estrogen receptor expression and modulate epigenetic changes in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, suggesting potential benefits in interfering with tumor growth.
Influence of broccoli extract and various essential oils on performance and expression of xenobiotic- and antioxidant enzymes in broiler chickens.
The study examined the regulation of xenobiotic- and antioxidant enzymes by phytogenic feed additives in broiler chickens. Broccoli extract and essential oils from turmeric, oregano, thyme, and rosemary were tested. The additives increased antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, suggesting a mechanism for reducing oxidative stress and improving animal health.
Exogenous myrosinase from mustard seed increases bioavailability of sulforaphane from a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract in a randomized clinical study.
Randomized, double-blind, crossover study with 16 subjects comparing the bioavailability of sulforaphane from glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract with and without exogenous myrosinase from mustard seed. The addition of myrosinase doubled sulforaphane bioavailability and increased conversion rate in the first 8 hours.
Effect of Glucoraphanin on the Abundance of Nrf2 Regulated Genes Within Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Pilot Dietary Intervention.
A pilot dietary intervention using a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli soup in a randomized crossover trial with 9 adults. The study measured the abundance of Nrf2 regulated genes within circulating small extracellular vesicles and sulforaphane pharmacokinetics. While sulforaphane was detected in urine, there were no differences in the abundance of Nrf2 regulated genes within circulating sEVs.
Epigenetic Alterations in PAH-Induced Childhood Asthma: An Intervention Using Sulforaphane
The study investigates the role of sulforaphane (SFN) as an epigenetic modulator in alleviating the adverse effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on childhood asthma. It involves quantifying serum PAHs in 370 children and analyzing murine models and in vitro cells for DNA methylation and inflammatory markers. SFN was found to reverse PAH-induced epigenetic changes, suggesting its potential in prevention strategies against lung inflammation.
Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial of Sulforaphane in Former Smokers at High Risk for Lung Cancer.
A randomized clinical trial assessed the effects of sulforaphane supplementation in former smokers at high risk for lung cancer. The study found that sulforaphane significantly reduced the Ki-67 index in bronchial tissue, suggesting potential chemopreventive effects against lung cancer. No significant impact was observed on bronchial histopathology, caspase-3, or TUNEL indices.
Effects of sulforaphane on negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in chronic schizophrenia patients: A randomized double-blind trial.
This 24-week double-blind randomized trial evaluated the efficacy of sulforaphane in ameliorating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in chronic schizophrenia patients. Sulforaphane significantly reduced the Negative Symptom Score from the PANSS 5-Factor model and the original PANSS Negative Symptom Score, but showed no significant effects on cognitive function as measured by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery.
Improving insulin resistance by sulforaphaneactivating theandSCFAs-GPR-GLP1 signal axis.
The study investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on insulin resistance (IR) in NAFLD patients and high-fat diet-fed rats. SFN improved insulin sensitivity, reduced blood glucose, and reshaped gut microbiota composition. It increased GLP1 levels and enhanced the intestinal mucosal barrier, reducing inflammation. An RCT confirmed SFN's positive effects on GLP1 levels and IR in NAFLD patients.
Sulforaphane Treatment in Children with Autism: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study.
Prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study on the effect of sulforaphane in children with autism spectrum disorder. The study measured outcomes using ADOS-2, SRS-2, and ABC over 36 weeks. No significant clinical improvement in behavioural outcomes was found in the sulforaphane-treated group.
Sulforaphane Supplementation Did Not Modulate NRF2 and NF-kB mRNA Expressions in Hemodialysis Patients.
A randomized, double-blind, crossover study on 30 hemodialysis patients evaluated the effects of sulforaphane supplementation on NRF2 and NF-kB mRNA expressions. The study found no significant differences in mRNA expression or in pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers after supplementation.
Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue.
RCT of 42 men, with 39 completing, testing glucoraphanin from broccoli and alliin from garlic on prostate tissue accumulation. Sulforaphane levels were significantly higher in prostate tissue of men consuming glucoraphanin supplements, while no significant difference was found for alliin levels between groups.
Randomized controlled trial of sulforaphane and metabolite discovery in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
RCT of sulforaphane in 57 children with ASD over 36 weeks. Sulforaphane showed non-statistically significant improvements on the Ohio Autism Clinical Impressions Scale but significant improvements on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist. Biomarkers indicated changes in glutathione redox status, mitochondrial respiration, inflammatory markers, and heat shock proteins. Sulforaphane was well tolerated with minor side effects.
Sulforaphane Bioavailability and Effects on Blood Pressure in Women with Pregnancy Hypertension.
The study investigated the bioavailability of sulforaphane in non-pregnant and preeclamptic women using a crossover trial and dose escalation study. Activated broccoli extract showed higher sulforaphane levels than non-activated extract. In women with preeclampsia, activated extract modestly decreased diastolic blood pressure and circulating sFlt-1 levels.
Oral chronic sulforaphane effects on heavy resistance exercise: Implications for inflammatory and muscle damage parameters in young practitioners.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study investigated the effects of oral chronic sulforaphane ingestion on muscle damage parameters in young men undergoing heavy resistance exercise. Sulforaphane intake for 4 weeks decreased plasma levels of creatine kinase and interleukin-6, suggesting it may suppress exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation.
Sulforaphane Bioavailability and Chemopreventive Activity in Men Presenting for Biopsy of the Prostate Gland: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
RCT of 98 men scheduled for prostate biopsy, comparing broccoli sprout extract (BSE) supplementation to placebo. BSE supplementation correlated with changes in gene expression but did not show significant differences in HDAC activity or prostate tissue biomarkers related to prostate cancer.
Bioavailability of Sulforaphane Following Ingestion of Glucoraphanin-Rich Broccoli Sprout and Seed Extracts with Active Myrosinase: A Pilot Study of the Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitor Administration.
Pilot study examining the bioavailability of sulforaphane following ingestion of glucoraphanin-rich broccoli sprout and seed extracts with active myrosinase, before and after administration of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. Gastric acidity was found to attenuate glucoraphanin bioavailability, with more sulforaphane excreted after omeprazole use. Gene expression changes suggested increased cytoprotection, detoxification, and antioxidant functions.
Lack of Effect of Oral Sulforaphane Administration on Nrf2 Expression in COPD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial.
RCT of 89 COPD patients testing oral sulforaphane at doses of 25 and 150 micromoles daily for four weeks. Sulforaphane did not stimulate Nrf2 target gene expression or affect levels of antioxidants or markers of inflammation. Sulforaphane was well tolerated.
Phase 1 Study of a Sulforaphane-Containing Broccoli Sprout Homogenate for Sickle Cell Disease.
Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study of sulforaphane in broccoli sprout homogenate for adults with sickle cell disease. BSH was well tolerated, increased mean relative whole blood mRNA levels for NRF2 target HMOX1, and showed a trend toward increased HBG1 mRNA levels, but without significant changes in HbF protein.
A proof-of-concept clinical study examining the NRF2 activator sulforaphane against neutrophilic airway inflammation.
Proof-of-concept clinical study examining sulforaphane supplementation with broccoli sprout homogenate in healthy human subjects. The study found that sulforaphane did not induce expression of antioxidant genes or protect against neutrophilic airway inflammation in an ozone-exposure model.
Prevention of Carcinogen-Induced Oral Cancer by Sulforaphane.
The study investigated the chemopreventive activity of sulforaphane against carcinogen-induced oral cancer using in vitro models and an in vivo murine model. Sulforaphane treatment induced NRF2 and its target genes, reduced tongue tumor incidence and size in mice, and showed bioavailability and pharmacodynamic activity in a pilot clinical trial with healthy volunteers.
The Effects of Broccoli Sprout Extract Containing Sulforaphane on Lipid Peroxidation and Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Gastric Mucosa.
RCT investigating the effects of broccoli sprout extract containing sulforaphane on Helicobacter pylori infection and lipid peroxidation in the gastric mucosa. BSES did not significantly affect H. pylori infection density but reduced mucosal MDA concentrations, indicating a potential antioxidative effect.
Effect of Sulforaphane in Men with Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy.
Double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of sulforaphane in 78 men with increasing PSA levels after radical prostatectomy. Sulforaphane treatment resulted in significantly lower mean changes in PSA levels and longer PSA doubling time compared to placebo, suggesting promise in managing biochemical recurrences in prostate cancer.
Sulforaphane Bioavailability and Chemopreventive Activity in Women Scheduled for Breast Biopsy.
This RCT evaluated the chemopreventive effect of sulforaphane (SFN) from glucoraphanin (GFN) supplementation in 54 women scheduled for breast biopsy. The study found significant decreases in Ki-67 and HDAC3 levels in benign tissue within the supplement group, but no significant differences between treatment groups. GFN supplementation decreased PBMC HDAC activity, suggesting safety but limited efficacy in altering breast tissue tumor biomarkers.
Sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract improves hepatic abnormalities in male subjects.
RCT evaluating the effects of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract on hepatic abnormalities in Japanese male participants with fatty liver. Supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of liver function markers and oxidative stress markers compared to placebo. In an animal model, the extract prevented NDMA-induced chronic liver failure by inducing hepatic antioxidant enzymes.
Absorption and chemopreventive targets of sulforaphane in humans following consumption of broccoli sprouts or a myrosinase-treated broccoli sprout extract.
The study evaluated sulforaphane (SFN) absorption from fresh broccoli sprouts and a myrosinase-treated broccoli sprout extract in healthy adults. SFN metabolite levels were higher in plasma and urine of sprout consumers, indicating enhanced absorption. The study also found that 12-hour dosing retained higher plasma SFN levels than 24-hour dosing.
Off-target effects of sulforaphane include the derepression of long terminal repeats through histone acetylation events.
The study investigated the off-target effects of sulforaphane, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, on long terminal repeats (LTRs) through histone acetylation. Sulforaphane increased LTR transcriptional activity in cultured cells and elevated LTR mRNA in human volunteers consuming broccoli sprouts, suggesting potential genome stability implications.
LC-MS/MS quantification of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol metabolites in human plasma and urine after dietary intake of selenium-fortified broccoli.
This study developed an LC-MS/MS method to quantify sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol metabolites in plasma and urine after dietary intake of regular and selenium-fertilized broccoli. In a randomized controlled trial with 76 healthy volunteers, selenium-fertilized broccoli increased serum selenium concentration but did not affect glucosinolate or metabolite concentrations compared to regular broccoli.
Bioavailability of Sulforaphane from two broccoli sprout beverages: results of a short-term, cross-over clinical trial in Qidong, China.
Cross-over clinical trial comparing bioavailability and tolerability of sulforaphane from two broccoli sprout-derived beverages in 50 healthy participants. The sulforaphane-rich beverage showed substantially greater bioavailability than the glucoraphanin-rich beverage, with lower interindividual variability and slower elimination rates.
Oral sulforaphane increases Phase II antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway.
A placebo-controlled dose escalation trial investigated the effects of sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts on Phase II enzyme expression in the human upper airway. The study found that oral sulforaphane safely and effectively induced mucosal Phase II enzyme expression in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential strategy to reduce oxidative stress-induced inflammation.
Broccoli consumption interacts with GSTM1 to perturb oncogenic signalling pathways in the prostate.
RCT examining the effects of a broccoli-rich diet on gene expression in the prostate gland, highlighting interactions with GSTM1 genotype. The study found significant changes in signalling pathways related to inflammation and carcinogenesis, suggesting potential benefits in reducing prostate cancer risk.
Safety, tolerance, and metabolism of broccoli sprout glucosinolates and isothiocyanates: a clinical phase I study.
A phase I placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical study evaluated the safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of broccoli sprout extracts containing glucosinolates or isothiocyanates in healthy volunteers. The study found no significant toxicities associated with the ingestion of these extracts.
The isothiocyanate sulforaphane induces respiratory burst oxidase homologue D‐dependent reactive oxygen species production and regulates expression of stress response genes
The study investigates the signaling pathway of sulforaphane (SFN) in Arabidopsis, focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its effect on the transcriptome. SFN induces ROS production through NADPH oxidase RBOH isoform D and upregulates genes related to stress responses, including heat shock proteins and oxidative stress response genes.
A Physiological-Based Model for Simulating the Bioavailability and Kinetics of Sulforaphane from Broccoli Products
The study developed a physiological-based digestion model to simulate the bioavailability and kinetics of sulforaphane from broccoli products. The model was validated using urine metabolite data from a human intervention study, showing good predictive accuracy for products with varying myrosinase content.
Sulforaphane Inhibits Autophagy and Induces Exosome-Mediated Paracrine Senescence via Regulating mTOR/TFE3.
The study investigates the anti-cancer effects of sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables, on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. SFN induces senescence and inhibits proliferation by disrupting the balance between glutathione and oxidized glutathione, leading to DNA damage and deregulating autophagy via the mTOR/TFE3 axis.
Identifying Structural Features of Sulforaphane Derivatives Based on QM Force Field for Predicting the Anti-Cancer Activity
The paper investigates the structural features of sulforaphane derivatives using a QM force field to predict anti-cancer activity. It discusses the potential mechanism of sulforaphane's anti-cancer activity through inhibition of MIF, a cytokine overexpressed in cancer cells. The study uses QSAR modeling to evaluate the biological activity of sulforaphane derivatives, showing a decent statistical fit with an R2 value of 0.5676.
Transcriptional changes in prostate of men on active surveillance after a 12-mo glucoraphanin-rich broccoli intervention-results from the Effect of Sulforaphane on prostate CAncer PrEvention (ESCAPE) randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 49 men on active surveillance for prostate cancer consuming glucoraphanin-rich broccoli soup for 12 months. The intervention led to changes in gene expression in prostate tissue, attenuating oncogenic pathways and suggesting a reduction in cancer progression risk.
Broccoli sprout beverage is safe for thyroid hormonal and autoimmune status: Results of a 12-week randomized trial.
A 12-week randomized trial investigated the effects of a broccoli sprout beverage enriched with sulforaphane and glucoraphanin on thyroid function and autoimmunity in 45 female participants. The study found no significant effects on serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, thyroglobulin, or thyroid autoimmunity status, supporting the safety of sulforaphane-containing products.
Broccoli sprout supplementation in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is difficult despite positive effects-results from the POUDER pilot study.
RCT of 40 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer comparing broccoli sprout supplementation to placebo. The treatment group showed a lower mean death rate and higher survival rate in the first 6 months, though results were not statistically significant. High drop-out rates and digestive issues were noted.
Evaluation of Biodistribution of Sulforaphane after Administration of Oral Broccoli Sprout Extract in Melanoma Patients with Multiple Atypical Nevi.
This study evaluated the toxicity and potential effects of oral broccoli sprout extract containing sulforaphane (BSE-SFN) in melanoma patients with atypical nevi. Seventeen patients were given 50, 100, or 200 μmol of BSE-SFN daily for 28 days. The study found dose-dependent increases in plasma and skin sulforaphane levels, decreased plasma proinflammatory cytokines, and increased tumor suppressor decorin, with no dose-limiting toxicities.
Supplementation of the Diet by Exogenous Myrosinase via Mustard Seeds to Increase the Bioavailability of Sulforaphane in Healthy Human Subjects after the Consumption of Cooked Broccoli.
RCT studying the effect of powdered brown mustard on sulforaphane bioavailability in 12 healthy adults consuming cooked broccoli. The addition of mustard significantly increased urinary sulforaphane metabolite excretion, indicating enhanced bioavailability.
Bioavailability of Glucoraphanin and Sulforaphane from High‐Glucoraphanin Broccoli
This study quantifies the exposure of human tissues to glucoraphanin and sulforaphane following consumption of broccoli with different Myb28 genotypes. A three-phase, double-blinded, randomized crossover trial with 10 participants showed that Myb28V/B and Myb28V/V broccoli soups resulted in threefold and fivefold higher levels of sulforaphane in circulation, respectively.
Isothiocyanates are detected in human synovial fluid following broccoli consumption and can affect the tissues of the knee joint.
Proof-of-principle trial with 40 knee osteoarthritis patients randomized to low or high glucosinolate diets for 14 days before surgery. ITCs, including sulforaphane, were detected in the synovial fluid and plasma of the high glucosinolate group, with distinct proteomic profiles observed between groups.
Randomized, split-body, single-blinded clinical trial of topical broccoli sprout extract: Assessing the feasibility of its use in keratin-based disorders.
A 1-week randomized, split-body, single-blinded trial assessed the impact of topical broccoli sprout extract (BSE) on keratin expression in subjects with epidermolysis bullosa simplex. BSE activated nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and up-regulated K17 in the epidermis, with variable effects on K16 and K6, and no alteration of K14 or K5 expression.
Associations between cruciferous vegetable intake and selected biomarkers among women scheduled for breast biopsies.
The study examined the relationship between dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and tumour biomarkers in women scheduled for breast biopsies. Total cruciferous vegetable intake was inversely associated with Ki-67 protein expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) tissue, suggesting decreased cell proliferation.
Sulforaphane improves the bronchoprotective response in asthmatics through Nrf2-mediated gene pathways.
RCT involving 45 moderate asthmatics administered sulforaphane (100 μmol daily for 14 days) to assess its effects on bronchoconstrictor responses to methacholine. Sulforaphane improved FEV1 in 60% of participants, worsened it in 20%, and had no effect in another 20%, indicating varied individual responses. It also reduced specific airway resistance and increased small airway luminal area.
Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, young men with moderate to severe ASD received sulforaphane or placebo. Sulforaphane treatment led to significant improvements in behavior as measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, Social Responsiveness Scale, and Clinical Global Impression Improvement Scale. Upon discontinuation, scores rose toward pretreatment levels.
Sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract attenuates nasal allergic response to diesel exhaust particles.
RCT investigating the effect of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract on nasal inflammatory response to diesel exhaust particles in 29 human subjects. Daily administration of the extract for four days significantly reduced total cell counts in nasal lavage fluid after diesel exhaust particle challenge.
A phase II study of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extracts in men with recurrent prostate cancer.
Phase II clinical trial of sulforaphane-rich extracts in 20 men with recurrent prostate cancer. Only one subject experienced a ≥50% PSA decline, but there was a significant lengthening of the on-treatment PSA doubling time compared to pre-treatment. Treatment was safe with no Grade 3 adverse events.
In vivo formation and bioavailability of isothiocyanates from glucosinolates in broccoli as affected by processing conditions.
The study investigated the effect of residual myrosinase activity in processed broccoli on the formation, bioavailability, and excretion of sulforaphane and iberin in human volunteers. Different processing conditions affected the bioavailability of isothiocyanates, with complete inactivation of myrosinase resulting in the lowest excretion levels.
Sulforaphane is not an effective antagonist of the human pregnane X-receptor in vivo.
A three-armed, randomized, crossover trial with 24 healthy adults evaluated sulforaphane (SFN) as an antagonist of human pregnane X-receptor (PXR) in vivo. SFN did not reduce CYP3A4 induction by rifampicin, nor did it affect CYP3A4 activity when given alone, except in a subset with high basal CYP3A4 activity where it increased midazolam AUC.
Isothiocyanate concentrations and interconversion of sulforaphane to erucin in human subjects after consumption of commercial frozen broccoli compared to fresh broccoli.
The study compared the bioavailability and metabolism of sulforaphane from fresh and frozen broccoli in 18 healthy volunteers. Sulforaphane bioavailability was about tenfold higher from fresh broccoli due to the destruction of myrosinase in frozen broccoli. Sulforaphane was converted to erucin and excreted in urine, with human gut microflora capable of producing sulforaphane, erucin, and their nitriles from glucoraphanin.
Enhancing sulforaphane absorption and excretion in healthy men through the combined consumption of fresh broccoli sprouts and a glucoraphanin-rich powder.
The study investigated the absorption and excretion of sulforaphane in healthy men through the combined consumption of fresh broccoli sprouts and a glucoraphanin-rich powder. The combination of broccoli sprouts with the GRP powder enhanced the early appearance of sulforaphane in plasma and urine compared to either alone, suggesting improved bioavailability.
Determination of new biomarkers to monitor the dietary consumption of isothiocyanates.
RCT determining serum albumin adducts of allyl isothiocyanate, benzylisothiocyanate, phenylethylisothiocyanate, and sulforaphane in 85 healthy men. The study quantified ITC adducts in albumin using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Dietary sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts reduce colonization and attenuate gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice and humans.
RCT involving 48 H. pylori-infected patients and C57BL/6 female mice, testing the effects of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts. In both mice and humans, broccoli sprouts reduced H. pylori colonization and improved gastric inflammation markers, suggesting enhanced chemoprotection against H. pylori-induced oxidative stress.
Repeated intake of broccoli does not lead to higher plasma levels of sulforaphane in human volunteers.
The study determined the plasma pharmacokinetic characteristics of sulforaphane in six human volunteers following single and repeated intake of raw broccoli. Sulforaphane was rapidly absorbed with peak plasma levels attained within 1.5 hours, and repeated intake did not affect its pharmacokinetic behavior or plasma levels.
Bioavailability and kinetics of sulforaphane in humans after consumption of cooked versus raw broccoli.
This study determined the bioavailability and kinetics of sulforaphane from raw and cooked broccoli in a randomized, open cross-over trial with eight men. Higher amounts of sulforaphane were found in the blood and urine when broccoli was eaten raw compared to cooked, with faster absorption and higher bioavailability.
Consuming broccoli does not induce genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism and cell cycle control in human gastric mucosa.
RCT with 16 subjects in a 3-phase crossover dietary trial comparing standard broccoli, high glucosinolate broccoli, and water. High glucosinolate broccoli up-regulated several xenobiotic metabolizing genes in gastric mucosal tissue, while standard broccoli had minimal effect.
Effect of meal composition and cooking duration on the fate of sulforaphane following consumption of broccoli by healthy human subjects.
The study investigated the effect of meal composition and broccoli cooking duration on sulforaphane uptake in 12 healthy volunteers. Lightly cooked broccoli resulted in a 3-fold higher yield of sulforaphane compared to fully cooked broccoli. The meal matrix did not significantly affect glucoraphanin hydrolysis and excretion as SFMA.
Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism and metabolism of sulforaphane from standard and high-glucosinolate broccoli.
Randomized, 3-phase crossover dietary trial comparing sulforaphane metabolism in GSTM1-null and GSTM1-positive subjects after consuming standard and high-glucosinolate broccoli. GSTM1-null subjects had higher sulforaphane metabolite concentrations and excretion rates. High-glucosinolate broccoli led to greater sulforaphane metabolite concentrations and excretion rates compared to standard broccoli.
Disposition of glucosinolates and sulforaphane in humans after ingestion of steamed and fresh broccoli.
This study compared the metabolic fate of glucosinolates after ingestion of steamed and fresh broccoli in 12 male subjects. The bioavailability of isothiocyanates (ITCs) from fresh broccoli was found to be approximately three times greater than from cooked broccoli, suggesting that cooking may reduce the cancer-chemopreventive potential of ITCs.
Optimization of sulforaphane bioavailability from a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract in a model of dynamic gastric digestion and absorption by Caco-2 cell monolayers.
The study optimized the formulation and delivery methods to improve the conversion of glucoraphanin to sulforaphane and its bioavailability using a model of dynamic gastric digestion and Caco-2 cell monolayers. Capsule delivery of broccoli seed extract with mustard seed powder significantly increased conversion efficiency, and ascorbic acid further enhanced bioavailability.
Bioactivated Glucoraphanin Modulates Genes Involved in Necroptosis on Motor-Neuron-like Nsc-34: A Transcriptomic Study
The study investigates the effects of sulforaphane (RS-GRA) on NSC-34 cells, focusing on gene expression related to necroptosis and redox pathways. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant gene regulation, suggesting potential benefits for neurodegenerative disease treatment through increased redox activity and necroptosis inhibition.
Microencapsulation of broccoli sulforaphane using whey and pea protein: in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal absorption by Caco-2-HT29-MTX-E12 cells.
The study aimed to improve the stability and bioavailability of sulforaphane from broccoli by microencapsulation with whey and pea protein. In vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal absorption models showed that whey protein significantly improved sulforaphane bioaccessibility and bioavailability compared to pea protein and dried broccoli.
Neuroprotective effect of sulforaphane on hyperglycemia-induced cognitive dysfunction through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
The study investigated the neuroprotective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on hyperglycemia-induced cognitive dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rats. SFN treatment improved cognition, increased neuron numbers, suppressed neuronal apoptosis, and enhanced antioxidant activities in the hippocampus and cortex by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Sulforaphane suppresses bladder cancer metastasis via blocking actin nucleation-mediated pseudopodia formation.
The study investigates the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on bladder cancer metastasis, focusing on its ability to block actin nucleation-mediated pseudopodia formation. SFN was found to inhibit invadopodia formation and cell invasion in bladder cancer cells by targeting the CTTN-ARP2 axis and reducing WASL. In animal models, SFN suppressed bladder cancer metastases to the lung by downregulating Cttn and Arp2 expression.
The induction of metallothionein by sulforaphane reduces iron toxicity via Nrf2
The study assessed the protective role of sulforaphane (SFN) against iron-induced cell toxicity in hepatoma Hep3B cells. SFN decreased ROS levels and improved cell viability by enhancing Nrf2 levels via the PI3K pathway, suggesting its potential in reducing oxidative stress and improving viability in iron overload disorders.
Sulforaphane Exposure Prevents Cadmium-Induced Toxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans by Regulating the Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling (IIS) Pathway
The study evaluated the impact of sulforaphane pre-exposure against cadmium-induced toxicity and mitochondrial alterations in C. elegans. Sulforaphane protected against cadmium-induced mortality, increased lifespan, body length, and mobility, and improved mitochondrial function by regulating the IIS pathway.
Sulforaphane Potentiates Gemcitabine-Mediated Anti-Cancer Effects against Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Inhibiting HDAC Activity
The study assessed the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) in combination with gemcitabine (GEM) on human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) cell growth. SFN reduced HDAC activity, promoted histone acetylation, and synergistically enhanced GEM's anti-cancer effects by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. SFN also inhibited cancer cell invasion and decreased pro-angiogenic markers. In xenograft assays, SFN and GEM together significantly reduced tumor growth and affected cell cycle and EMT markers.
Effects of sulforaphane on breast cancer based on metabolome and microbiome
The study investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on breast cancer in MCF‐7 cell‐transplanted nude mice. SFN inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, altered urinary metabolic profiles, and affected microbiome composition, suggesting antitumor activities.
Sulforaphane is a reversible covalent inhibitor of 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease of SARS‐CoV‐2
The study identifies sulforaphane (SFN) as an inhibitor of the 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease (3CLpro) of SARS‐CoV‐2, using a target-based screening approach. SFN inhibits 3CLpro in a reversible, mixed-type manner, with a two-step interaction involving covalent binding to the catalytic cysteine.
Effect and molecular mechanism of Sulforaphane alleviates brain damage caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning:Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and experimental evidence
The study investigates the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on brain damage caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal models. SFN was found to inhibit apoptosis and protect cortical neurons by activating the AMPK pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for brain injury after ACOP.
Sulforaphane Combined with Vitamin D Induces Cytotoxicity Mediated by Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, Autophagy, and JNK/MAPK Pathway Modulation in Human Prostate Tumor Cells
In vitro study examining the combination of sulforaphane and vitamin D on human prostate tumor cells. The combination decreased cell viability, induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and autophagy, and modulated protein expression related to the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting potential application in prostate cancer therapy.
The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism
Animal study assessing the efficacy of sulforaphane (SFN) in ameliorating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. SFN treatment alleviated disease symptoms, restored gut microbiota composition, and involved Nrf2-related mechanisms.
Sulforaphane Exerts Beneficial Immunomodulatory Effects on Liver Tissue via a Nrf2 Pathway-Related Mechanism in a Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation
The study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of sulforaphane on liver tissue in a murine model of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Sulforaphane activated the Nrf2 pathway in Kupffer cells, modulated cytokine expression, and reduced liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, as evidenced by decreased neutrophil infiltration and enhanced hepatic Nrf2 activity.
Membrane Vesicles for Nanoencapsulated Sulforaphane Increased Their Anti-Inflammatory Role on an In Vitro Human Macrophage Model
In vitro study of sulforaphane loaded into membrane vesicles derived from broccoli plants to assess anti-inflammatory potential in a human-macrophage-like cell model. The study demonstrated a decrease in interleukins TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, indicating enhanced anti-inflammatory action.
Therapeutic effects of sulforaphane in ulcerative colitis: effect on antioxidant activity, mitochondrial biogenesis and DNA polymerization
The study investigated the therapeutic effects of sulforaphane in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Sulforaphane treatment improved morphological changes in the colon and increased expression of antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenesis markers, while reducing expression of markers associated with DNA polymerization.
PMSF and SFN Reduce Alpha‐synuclein Aggregation in a Yeast Model of Parkinson’s Disease
The study modeled α‐synuclein aggregation in yeast and treated cells with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and sulforaphane (SFN). Both substances significantly reduced α‐synuclein aggregation, suggesting potential therapeutic effects in Parkinson's Disease models.