Research
Selenium
221 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
The Role of Selenium During Gestation in the Development of Fetal Congenital Anomalies: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review examined the role of selenium during gestation in the development of congenital anomalies. Selenium exposure did not affect the risk of most congenital anomalies but was associated with increased risk for urinary tract anomalies and decreased risk for congenital heart defects, neural tube defects, and orofacial clefts. The evidence is primarily from observational studies, with only one randomized controlled trial identified.
Effects of Selenium Administration on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Experimental Human Studies.
This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis assessed the effects of selenium administration on blood lipids in experimental human studies. It found that selenium administration at and above 200 µg/day decreased HDL and LDL cholesterol and increased triglyceride levels, with stronger adverse effects in healthy participants and those with longer intervention durations.
Dose-response association between circulating selenium and blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 observational studies with 28,312 participants examining the association between circulating selenium and hypertension. Found a U-shaped association, with a higher risk of hypertension in women at the highest selenium levels, but no significant association in men or both genders together.
Clinical efficacy of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Selenium supplementation significantly reduced serum TPOAb and TSH levels, with improvements in well-being or mood. Selenomethionine was found to be more effective than NaSe and Se-yeast.
Effect of selenium supplementation on inflammatory markers and joint symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis and systematic review.
Meta-analysis of seven studies with 367 rheumatoid arthritis patients evaluating selenium supplementation. Selenium was effective in reducing joint pain but showed no statistically significant effects on inflammatory markers like erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels.
Selenium supplementation for management of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of four RCTs with 230 participants evaluating selenium supplementation in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Selenium at 200 µg/d significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose and the incidence of newborn hyperbilirubinemia, but did not significantly affect cholesterol or triglyceride levels.
Selenium exposure and risk of skin cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic evidence.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 studies on selenium exposure and skin cancer risk. Non-experimental studies showed slightly lower risk of NMSC with higher selenium serum/plasma concentrations, but no change with toenail or dietary selenium. Experimental studies indicated increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma with selenium supplementation. Selenium exposure did not influence basal cell carcinoma risk but was associated with increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma and potentially melanoma.
Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies examining the association of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Higher selenium biomarker concentrations were associated with lower all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. The inverse association with all-cause mortality was consistent across various study conditions.
Selenium levels in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of serum, plasma, and colorectal specimens.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 studies with 2640 participants examining selenium levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients versus controls. CRC patients had significantly lower serum selenium levels than healthy controls, while cancerous tissue showed higher selenium levels compared to matched healthy colon tissue.
Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating selenium supplementation in Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) patients. Selenium decreased TSH, TPOAb, and MDA levels in patients without thyroid hormone replacement therapy, indicating positive effects on hormone health and inflammation. No significant changes were observed in other thyroid function markers or adverse effects.
Association between Parkinson disease and selenium levels in the body: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies with 597 PD cases and 733 controls assessing selenium levels. No significant difference in blood selenium levels between PD patients and controls, but elevated selenium levels in cerebrospinal fluid were observed in PD patients.
Supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Qin an elderly Swedish population low in selenium - positive effects on thyroid hormones, cardiovascular mortality, and quality of life.
This randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study examined the effects of selenium and coenzyme Q supplementation on thyroid hormonal status, cardiovascular mortality, and health-related quality of life in 414 elderly individuals with low selenium levels. Supplementation significantly improved thyroid hormone levels, reduced cardiovascular mortality, and enhanced quality of life compared to placebo.
Selenoprotein P increases upon selenium and coenzyme Qsupplementation and is associated with telomere length, quality of life and reduced inflammation and mortality.
RCT of 403 elderly participants with low selenium levels receiving selenium yeast and coenzyme Q supplementation or placebo. Supplementation improved SELENOP expression, associated with reduced inflammation, longer telomeres, better quality of life, and decreased mortality.
Efficacy of selenium on patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of seven randomized-controlled trials evaluating selenium supplementation in cardiac surgery patients. Selenium significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay and postoperative CRP levels, indicating a positive effect on inflammation, but increased the incidence of acute kidney injury. No significant effects were found on ICU stay, mortality, or hospital-acquired infections.
Serum Selenium Levels and Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the correlation between serum selenium levels and lipid profiles. The study found no strong evidence supporting a correlation, except for a weak correlation with HDL cholesterol in both adults and pediatrics.
The efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials evaluating selenium supplementation in Graves' orbitopathy (GO) patients. Selenium was found to be superior to placebo in lowering the clinical activity score, improving quality of life, and reducing the palpebral aperture at 6 and 12 months. No significant differences were observed in proptosis, soft tissue involvement, ocular motility, and adverse effects.
Selenium concentrations in expressed human milk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of selenium concentrations in human milk. The study provides estimates of selenium intake in breast-fed infants, finding that concentrations are highest in colostrum or until 3 months of lactation, then decline. Selenium intake estimates are higher than previously reported but still lower than current recommendations.
Application of selenium to reduce heavy metal(loid)s in plants based on meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis consolidating existing knowledge on the impact of selenium amendments on heavy metal accumulation in plants from contaminated soil. Selenium application showed an inhibitory effect on plant uptake of various heavy metals, with greater reductions observed in acidic and neutral soils compared to alkaline soils.
The effects of selenium supplementation on lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 RCTs examining selenium supplementation's effects on lipid profiles in adults. Selenium reduced VLDL levels but showed limited effects on TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels.
Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing the effects of selenium, Vitamin D, Myo-inositol, and their combinations on thyroid autoantibody levels in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. Selenium significantly reduced thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin autoantibody levels, while Vitamin D and Myo-inositol did not show significant effects.
Shining a Light on Selenium: a Meta-analysis of Supplementation in Multiple Sclerosis.
Meta-analysis of selenium supplementation in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, including 9 studies with a total sample size of 2381. Over 10% of MS patients used selenium supplements, but there is no clinical significance supporting the benefits. Some RCTs reported improved inflammation and oxidative stress conditions, but overall evidence on safety and efficacy is lacking.
Effects of an Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Qon Five Selected Age-Related Biomarkers in Elderly Swedes Low in Selenium: Results That Point to an Anti-Ageing Effect-A Sub-Analysis of a Previous Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomised Clinical Trial.
This sub-study of a previous RCT investigated the effects of selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on five age-related biomarkers in 441 elderly Swedes low in selenium. The active treatment group received 200 µg/day of selenium and 200 mg/day of coenzyme Q10 for 48 months. The study found that the supplementation influenced biomarkers in ways indicating an anti-ageing effect, with significant associations between biomarkers and age.
Selenium and coenzyme Q10 improve the systemic redox status while reducing cardiovascular mortality in elderly population-based individuals.
RCT of 434 elderly individuals receiving selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation for 48 months. The supplementation improved serum R-SH levels, indicating reduced oxidative stress, and was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Effects of selenium supplementation on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examined the effect of selenium supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Selenium supplementation showed a positive effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) but did not significantly improve BMI, Total Testosterone, and other metabolic markers. Selenium may improve follicle quality in PCOS patients with oxidative stress.
Clinical efficacy of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 controlled trials with 342 patients investigating selenium supplementation in Hashimoto thyroiditis. Selenium supplementation significantly reduced TPOAb and TgAb levels after 6 months of treatment.
Increased SIRT1 Concentration Following Four Years of Selenium and Q10 Intervention Associated with Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality at 10-Year Follow-Up—Sub-Study of a Previous Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Sub-study of a prospective double-blind placebo-controlled RCT investigating selenium and coenzyme Q10 intervention on SIRT1 concentration. The active treatment group showed increased SIRT1 levels and reduced cardiovascular mortality over a 10-year follow-up, suggesting SIRT1 as a mediator in preventing vascular ageing.
Effects of Probiotic and Selenium Co-supplementation on Lipid Profile and Glycemia Indices: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating selenium and probiotic co-supplementation effects on lipid profile and glycemia indices in adults. Co-supplementation reduced fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, suggesting potential benefits for glycemia and lipid profile.
A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the effect of selenium supplementation on serum concentration of C-reactive protein.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of RCTs assessing selenium supplementation's effect on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Meta-analysis of 13 studies showed a significant reduction in CRP levels with selenium supplementation.
Investigating the effect of combined use of selenium and Myo-inositol supplements on thyroid function and autoimmune characteristics in thyroid disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effect of selenium and myo-inositol supplements on thyroid function and autoimmune characteristics in thyroid disorders. The combination led to a significant decrease in TSH and an increase in T4 levels, while changes in T3 and TPOAb titer levels were not significant.
Selenium supplementation decreases CRP and IL-6 and increases TNF-alpha: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 RCTs evaluating selenium supplementation effects on inflammation markers. IV selenium reduced CRP and IL-6 plasma concentrations but increased TNF-alpha plasma concentration. PO selenium showed no significant effect on CRP.
The Effect of Parenteral Selenium Therapy on Serum Concentration of Inflammatory Mediators: a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of parenteral selenium on inflammatory mediators. Selenium significantly decreased serum IL-6 but did not significantly change CRP levels, suggesting potential mixed effects on inflammation.
Efficacy and safety of selenium or vitamin E administration alone or in combination in ICU patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis assessed the effects of selenium and vitamin E administration, alone or in combination, on clinical outcomes in ICU patients. Selenium alone may shorten hospital stay, and vitamin E alone may reduce ICU stay length. No significant effects were observed for combined administration on primary outcomes.
Association of Selenium Levels with Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis examining the association of selenium levels with neurodegenerative diseases. A statistically significant relationship was found for Alzheimer's disease patients, who had lower selenium concentrations compared to healthy individuals. No significant relationship was observed for Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Huntington's disease.
Biofortification with selenium as an alternative to increase the total phenolic compounds in brassicas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of selenium biofortification on total phenolic compounds in brassicas. The meta-analysis included four studies and found that selenium biofortification significantly increased total phenolic compound content, although results showed considerable heterogeneity between studies.
Selenium Status in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the associations between selenium status and chronic liver diseases. It included 50 studies with 9875 cases and 12975 controls. The analysis found that lower selenium levels were associated with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer, while higher selenium levels were linked to a decreased incidence of advanced chronic liver diseases.
The association between serum selenium level and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between serum selenium levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It found that selenium levels were significantly lower in women with GDM compared to healthy pregnant women, particularly in non-European populations and during the second and third trimesters.
Association of Selenium Levels with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between selenium levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It included 12 studies with 940 pregnant women with GDM and 1749 controls. Selenium levels were significantly lower in women with GDM compared to controls, but the significance was lost after correcting for reporting bias.
Relationship between Serum Levels of Selenium and Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 case-control studies with 2,205 subjects examining the relationship between serum selenium levels and thyroid cancer. The analysis found that thyroid cancer patients had lower serum selenium levels than healthy controls, indicating a significant relationship.
Association of Selenium Levels with Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between selenium levels and preeclampsia, including 26 studies with 1855 preeclampsia cases and 3728 controls. Selenium levels were significantly lower in preeclampsia cases, particularly among women from Africa and low- or middle-income countries. The evidence is of low certainty.
Selenium Deficiency After Bariatric Surgery, Incidence and Symptoms: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies examining selenium deficiency after bariatric surgery in 1174 patients. The study found a prevalence of selenium deficiency of 16% at 1-year and 2% at 2-year follow-up, with symptoms including weakness, myopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Selenium supplementation is recommended for patients post-surgery.
Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Reducing Insulin Resistance in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of selenium supplementation on insulin resistance and lipid profiles in patients with cardiometabolic diseases. The analysis of 10 studies with 526 participants found that selenium supplementation significantly reduced serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR, and increased HDL-C levels, but had no significant effect on FPG, TC, TG, LDL-C, and VLDL-C.
Long-Term Selenium-Yeast Supplementation Does Not Affect Bone Turnover Markers: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
A randomized placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of selenium supplementation on bone turnover markers (BTMs) in 481 Danish men and women aged 60-74 over 5 years. Despite increased plasma selenium concentrations, there was no significant effect on BTMs, suggesting no impact on bone health in this relatively selenium-replete population.
Improved cardiovascular health by supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10: applying structural equation modelling (SEM) to clinical outcomes and biomarkers to explore underlying mechanisms in a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention project in Sweden.
A four-year RCT in elderly Swedes with low selenium status found that supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 improved cardiac function, reduced cardiac wall tension, and decreased cardiovascular mortality. The study used Structural Equation Modelling to show that the intervention reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, impacting fibrosis and myocardial function.
Decreased Concentration of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) as a Result of Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Qin an Elderly Swedish Population: A Sub-Analysis.
RCT of selenium and coenzyme Q supplementation in 219 elderly individuals with low baseline levels of these substances. The study found that supplementation prevented an increase in FGF-23 concentration, which is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and improved cardiac function and mortality.
Effects of selenium supplementation on glycaemic control markers in healthy rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of selenium supplementation on glycaemic control in healthy rodents. Sodium selenite supplementation significantly increased fasting blood glucose, indicating adverse effects on glycaemic control. No effect was found on glutathione peroxidase activity.
Effects of Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating selenium supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment. Selenium supplementation improved selenium levels, glutathione peroxidase activity, and cognitive test scores in these patients.
The effects of selenium supplementation on blood lipids and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized control trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of selenium supplementation on lipid profile and blood pressure. Selenium supplementation did not significantly affect TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels, but significantly reduced TC levels. It increased LDL-C levels when baseline LDL-C was <130 mg/dL and significantly increased SBP, with no effect on DBP. The findings suggest selenium may improve TC and VLDL but have negative effects on LDL and BP.
The Impact on the Clinical Prognosis of Low Serum Selenium Level in Patients with Severe Trauma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis examining the impact of low plasma selenium concentration on clinical outcomes in patients with major trauma. The analysis found that low serum selenium levels did not negatively affect mortality, infection rates, or the length of ICU and hospital stays.
The role of selenium in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human observational and interventional studies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 studies on selenium and depression. No significant differences in serum selenium levels between depressed and healthy subjects, but high selenium intake was negatively associated with postpartum depression risk. Selenium supplementation reduced depressive symptoms, suggesting a protective role against postpartum depression and potential as an adjuvant therapy.
Nutritional status of selenium in overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the nutritional status of selenium in overweight and obese individuals compared to eutrophic individuals. It found no significant differences in dietary intake and plasma/serum levels of selenium, but decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in obese adults, and lower selenium levels in urine and nails in overweight/obese individuals.
The Impact of Selenium Supplementation on Trauma Patients-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing selenium supplementation in trauma patients. Selenium supplementation was associated with a lower mortality rate and reduced ICU and hospital length of stay, but showed no significant benefit in reducing infectious complications.
Selenium and immune function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental human studies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies on selenium supplementation and immunity-related outcomes in healthy people. Selenium supplementation showed inconsistent effects on immune function, with some beneficial effects on NK cell activity but no substantial impact on immunoglobulin, white blood cell concentrations, or cytokine levels.
Selenium concentration is associated with occurrence and diagnosis of three cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis compared selenium levels between patients with heart failure, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, and healthy individuals. It found significantly lower selenium levels in patients with these cardiovascular diseases compared to healthy controls, suggesting selenium's potential role in cardiovascular health.
Daily parenteral selenium therapy in critically ill patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 RCTs assessing daily parenteral selenium supplementation in ICU patients. High doses of selenium increased ICU stay, while low doses reduced acute renal failure occurrence. No significant effects on other outcomes were observed.
Selenium levels and skin diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 studies with 1315 patients and 7181 controls evaluating selenium levels in relation to skin diseases. No significant difference in selenium levels was found in vitiligo, alopecia areata, or eczema, but lower selenium levels were associated with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, chloric acne, and atopic dermatitis. High selenium levels were protective in certain skin diseases.
Diverse Associations of Plasma Selenium Concentrations and SELENOP Gene Polymorphism with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components.
Case-control study of 1279 MetS cases and 1279 matched controls examining plasma selenium concentrations and SELENOP gene polymorphism. Found a U-shaped association between plasma selenium and MetS, with diverse associations with MetS components. The A allele of rs7579 was linked to higher odds of MetS.
Efficacy and safety of an adsorbent and anti-oxidative vaginal gel on CIN1 and 2, on high-risk HPV, and on p16/Ki-67: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 216 women aged 25-60 years comparing SAM vaginal gel containing adsorptive silicon dioxide, antioxidative sodium selenite, and citric acid to no intervention. The SAM gel group showed significant regression of CIN lesions, decreased prevalence of hr-HPV, and improved p16/Ki-67 cytological test status compared to the control group.
Selenium status in the body and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association between selenium status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. High selenium levels are associated with decreased risk for CVD incidence and mortality, with a nonlinear dose-response relationship observed.
Selenium, antioxidants, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing selenium supplementation alone and in antioxidant mixtures on CVD, cancer, and mortality. Selenium in antioxidant mixtures was associated with reduced CVD and all-cause mortality risk, while selenium alone showed no association.
The effectiveness of treatments for Kashin-Beck disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of 44 RCTs with 9815 participants evaluating treatments for Kashin-Beck disease. Selenium, vitamin C, and aspirin showed effectiveness for radiographic structure improvement in children, while chondroitin, glucosamine, and other treatments improved symptoms in adults. Evidence strength was limited by trial quality.
Prevention and control strategies for children Kashin-Beck disease in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating prevention and control strategies for Kashin-Beck disease in children in China. Interventions including salt-rich selenium, change of grain, and improvement of water showed significant effectiveness in preventing new cases and clinical improvements.
The clinical outcomes of selenium supplementation on critically ill patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of 19 RCTs involving 3341 critically ill patients assessing selenium supplementation. Selenium reduced total mortality but had no significant effect on 28-days mortality, ICU stay length, or incidence of new infections. No increase in drug-induced side effects was observed.
Effectiveness and safety of selenium supplementation for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.
Systematic review of four RCTs with 241 participants assessing selenium supplementation in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Selenium supplementation significantly reduced fasting insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B in individual RCTs, but no effects were noted on most other outcomes. The review concludes there is no evidence to support the effectiveness of selenium supplementation in the T2DM population.
Prevention of Keshan Disease by Selenium Supplementation: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 41 studies with 1,983,238 subjects evaluating selenium supplementation for the prevention of Keshan disease. Selenium supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of Keshan disease, with protection rates over 80% in 35 studies and an overall risk ratio of 0.14.
The association between Selenium and Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 studies with 36,419 cases and 105,293 controls examining the relationship between selenium and prostate cancer. The pooled relative risk indicated a protective role of selenium against prostate cancer development and progression to advanced stages.
Effects of five types of selenium supplementation for treatment of Kashin-Beck disease in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing five types of selenium supplementation for treating Kashin-Beck disease in children. All selenium supplements showed higher metaphysis X-ray improvement compared to placebo, with selenium salt ranked highest in efficacy. However, the overall quality of evidence was low or very low.
Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Graves' Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of selenium supplementation in Graves' disease patients. Selenium significantly decreased FT4 and FT3 levels at 3 and 6 months, with elevated TSH levels compared to placebo. Effects were not sustained at 9 months, and clinical relevance remains uncertain.
Selenium for preventing cancer.
This meta-analysis reviewed 83 studies, including 10 RCTs with 27,232 participants, to assess the effect of selenium supplementation on cancer prevention. The analysis found no beneficial effect of selenium supplements in reducing cancer risk, with high certainty of evidence. Some RCTs reported increased risks of high-grade prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes with selenium supplementation. Observational studies suggested an inverse association between selenium exposure and cancer risk, but these findings were limited by study design and confounding factors.
The effect of selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 RCTs with 43998 participants evaluating selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease (CHD). Selenium decreased serum CRP and increased GSH-PX levels, indicating reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, but did not significantly affect CHD mortality or lipid profile.
Association between serum selenium level and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a non-linear dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.
This meta-analysis of observational studies investigated the association between serum selenium levels and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The analysis found a significantly higher prevalence of T2DM in the highest category of blood selenium compared to the lowest, with a non-linear dose-response relationship observed. Serum selenium levels were positively associated with T2DM in populations with both low and high serum selenium levels, suggesting a U-shaped relationship.
Serum selenium level and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 studies involving 569 patients to evaluate the relationship between serum selenium level and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Selenium levels were significantly lower in women with GDM, particularly in non-Caucasian populations and during the third trimester.
Selenium supplementation for critically ill adults.
This meta-analysis included 16 RCTs with 2084 participants to examine the effect of selenium or ebselen supplementation on mortality and other outcomes in critically ill patients. The review found no statistically significant advantage of selenium supplementation for mortality, infection rates, or other clinical outcomes, with very low quality of evidence and high risk of bias in the included trials.
Selenium and Preeclampsia: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing blood selenium levels in patients with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women. Selenium supplementation significantly reduces the incidence of preeclampsia, with a relative risk of 0.28 in randomized controlled trials. Observational studies show an inverse association between blood selenium levels and preeclampsia risk.
A randomized controlled trial of vitamin E and selenium on rate of decline in lung function
RCT tested the effects of selenium and vitamin E on lung function decline in 1,641 men over an average of 3 years. No main effect was found on FEV1 or FEF25–75, but selenium attenuated the rate of decline in FEF25–75 in current smokers.
Selenium for preventing cancer.
This meta-analysis reviewed observational studies and RCTs on selenium exposure and supplementation for cancer prevention. Observational studies suggested lower cancer incidence and mortality with higher selenium exposure, but RCTs found no clear evidence of selenium supplementation reducing cancer risk or mortality. Some trials indicated potential harmful effects, such as increased risk of type 2 diabetes, alopecia, and dermatitis.
The association between serum selenium and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing serum selenium concentration in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normoglycemic pregnant women. The analysis found that serum selenium concentration was lower in women with GDM, particularly in the third trimester.
Effect of parenteral selenium supplementation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 trials assessing parenteral selenium supplementation in critically ill septic patients. Selenium treatment significantly reduced all-cause mortality with a relative risk of 0.83. Subgroup analyses suggested longer duration, loading boluses, or high-dose selenium might further reduce mortality risk.
The effect of selenium therapy on mortality in patients with sepsis syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials with 792 patients examining selenium supplementation in sepsis. Selenium supplementation was associated with lower mortality compared to placebo, but no difference in ICU length of stay or nosocomial pneumonia was observed.
Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy.
Meta-analysis of four RCTs involving 362 women assessing interventions for hypothyroidism pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy. Levothyroxine reduced preterm birth and showed a trend towards reduced miscarriage, while selenium showed a promising reduction in postpartum thyroiditis but no significant effect on pre-eclampsia or preterm birth.
Selenium and prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies with 13,254 participants examining the relation between selenium intake/status and prostate cancer risk. Findings suggest a decreased risk of prostate cancer with higher plasma/serum selenium levels up to 170 ng/mL and toenail selenium concentrations between 0.85 and 0.94 μg/g.
Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy.
Meta-analysis of three RCTs involving 314 women assessing interventions for hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Levothyroxine reduced preterm birth but not pre-eclampsia, while selenomethionine showed some favorable impact on postpartum thyroid function and decreased incidence of postpartum thyroiditis.
Total and cancer mortality after supplementation with vitamins and minerals: follow-up of the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial.
The study is a follow-up of the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial, which was a randomized trial involving 29,584 participants in Linxian, China. Participants received daily supplements of selenium, vitamin E, and beta-carotene (factor D), which led to decreased mortality from all causes, cancer overall, and gastric cancer. The beneficial effects were more pronounced in participants younger than 55 years.
Selenium supplementation for critically ill adults.
Meta-analysis of seven randomized trials involving 813 participants assessing selenium and ebselen supplementation in critically ill adults. The trials showed no statistically significant differences in mortality or infection rates, and no clear evidence of benefits for outcomes like ventilator days, ICU stay, hospital stay, or quality of life. The quality of trials was poor, and results should be interpreted with caution.
Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition, with Association to Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality—Sub-Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Sub-study of a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT in Swedish citizens aged 70-80 years, low in selenium. Over 42 months, selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation prevented telomere attrition and was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.
Effects of Selenium and/or N-Acetyl-Cysteine Supplementation on Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial.
Factorial RCT of 68 hemodialysis patients assessing the effects of selenium and/or N-acetyl-cysteine on nonthyroidal illness syndrome parameters. Results showed decreased rT3 levels in groups receiving selenium and/or NAC, with no significant differences in FT3, FT4, and TSH between groups.
Effect of selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and regulatory T cells in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: A prospective randomized‐controlled trial
A prospective randomized-controlled trial evaluated selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Selenium treatment significantly decreased thyroid peroxidase antibody, thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid stimulating hormone levels, and increased selenium, GPx3, and SePP1 levels compared to control. The study suggests selenium may benefit thyroid autoantibodies and function by enhancing antioxidant activity and upregulating activated Treg cells.
The effects of selenium administration on carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic status in diabetic hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of selenium supplementation on carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic profiles in 60 diabetic hemodialysis patients. Selenium supplementation led to significant reductions in serum insulin levels, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and C-reactive protein, and significant increases in insulin sensitivity, HDL-cholesterol, and total glutathione compared to placebo.
The Effects of Probiotic and Selenium Co-supplementation on Clinical and Metabolic Scales in Chronic Schizophrenia: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on clinical and metabolic symptoms in 60 patients with chronic schizophrenia. The co-supplementation significantly improved the general Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score, increased total antioxidant capacity and total glutathione, reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and improved several metabolic profiles compared to placebo.
Selenium supplementation in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proof-of-concept trial
Open-label randomized trial of 100 PPCM patients with selenium deficiency, comparing selenium supplementation (L-selenomethionine) to no supplementation. Selenium did not reduce the primary outcome risk but significantly reduced heart failure symptoms and showed a trend towards reduced all-cause mortality.
The effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count in infertile women with occult premature ovarian insufficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
RCT evaluating selenium and vitamin E supplementation in 70 infertile women with occult premature ovarian insufficiency. The treatment group showed significant increases in AMH, AFC, and MOV compared to placebo after 12 months, with no side effects reported.
Selenium: A sole treatment for erosive oral lichen planus (Randomized-Controlled Clinical trial).
Randomized controlled trial evaluating selenium in two forms (topical hydrogel and oral capsules) as a sole treatment for erosive oral lichen planus. Significant reduction in signs and symptoms was observed across all treatment groups, with group II showing significantly lower pain scores at 12 weeks. Salivary MDA levels decreased significantly in groups I and III.
Selenium supplementation and insulin resistance in a randomized, clinical trial
This randomized, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of selenium supplementation at 200 µg/day on pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in 400 individuals. No statistically significant differences were observed in changes in HOMA2-%β or HOMA2-%S between the selenium and placebo groups. The study concluded that selenium supplementation did not have a significant adverse effect on β-cell function or insulin sensitivity.
Effect of selenium supplementation on antioxidant markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials assessing selenium supplementation on antioxidant markers. Selenium supplementation significantly increased GPX and TAC levels and decreased MDA levels, suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress.
Selenium concentration, dietary intake and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma - A systematic review with meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between selenium concentrations, dietary intake, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study found that selenium concentration in toenail, whole blood, and serum was inversely associated with HCC risk, while dietary intake and tissue selenium concentration were not significantly associated.
Selenium and Other Trace Elements in the Etiology of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies comparing levels of selenium, copper, iron, and zinc in Parkinson's disease patients and controls. Higher selenium levels in CSF were observed in cases compared to controls, suggesting overexposure in the central nervous system may be a risk factor for Parkinson's disease, while zinc might have a protective effect.
Selenium supplementation in HIV-infected individuals: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing selenium supplementation in HIV-infected individuals. The review found that daily supplementation with 200 µg selenium may improve CD4 count, potentially delaying CD4 decline and prolonging the onset of AIDS. However, evidence on its effect on HIV viral load remains inconclusive.
Effect of long‐term selenium supplementation on mortality: Results from a multiple‐dose, randomised controlled trial
The Denmark PRECISE study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial assessing the effect of long-term selenium supplementation on mortality in 491 elderly participants. A 300 µg/day dose of selenium taken for 5 years increased all-cause mortality 10 years later, suggesting high-dose selenium supplements should be avoided.
Still reduced cardiovascular mortality 12 years after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for four years: A validation of previous 10-year follow-up results of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in elderly
This study is a 12-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial in which 443 healthy elderly individuals were supplemented with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for four years. The study found a significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality in the supplemented group compared to the placebo group, with benefits persisting even after the intervention period.
Decreased Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Titer in Response to Selenium Supplementation in Autoimmune Thyroiditis and the Influence of a Selenoprotein P Gene Polymorphism: A Prospective, Multicenter Study in China
This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial studied the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) titers in 364 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Selenium supplementation significantly reduced TPOAb titers, with genetic variations influencing the extent of reduction.
Selenium exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association between selenium exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The analysis included both experimental and nonexperimental studies, finding a direct relation between higher selenium levels and increased diabetes risk. Selenium supplementation was associated with an 11% increased risk of diabetes compared to placebo, with a higher risk observed in women.