Research
Reishi
105 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Use of Ganoderma lucidum (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) as Radioprotector
Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the radioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum. In vivo studies in mice and in vitro studies show radioprotective effects of its extracts, but further clinical research is needed for human application.
Ganoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors.
Meta-analysis of five trials with 398 participants evaluating Ganoderma lucidum for cardiovascular risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes. The analysis found no statistically or clinically significant effects on HbA1c, cholesterol, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, or triglycerides. Some inconsistent results were noted for post-prandial blood glucose levels.
Patients’ Expectations and Barriers Toward Reishi Mushroom Use in Cancer Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Cross-sectional survey of 1374 cancer patients in Mainland China exploring expectations and barriers to Reishi mushroom use. The most common expectations were boosting immunity and improving physical health, while cost and insurance coverage were primary barriers.
Symptom improvements and adverse effects with Reishi mushroom use: A Cross-Sectional survey of cancer patients
Cross-sectional survey of 1374 Chinese cancer patients using Reishi products, assessing symptom improvements and adverse events. More than half reported improvements in nausea, fatigue, poor appetite, and depression, while 9.1% reported adverse effects such as dry mouth and constipation.
Efficacy of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Supplementation on Psychological Stress and Selective Fitness Profile Parameters in Female College Students in West Bengal, India.
A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of Ganoderma lucidum supplementation on psychological stress and fitness parameters in 78 sedentary female college students. The GL1000mg group showed significant improvements in heart rate, VO2max, physical work capacity, grip strength, and psychological well-being compared to placebo, suggesting benefits for endurance, strength, and stress reduction.
Evaluation of Immune Modulation by β-1,3; 1,6 D-Glucan Derived from Ganoderma lucidum in Healthy Adult Volunteers, A Randomized Controlled Trial
RCT of Reishi β-glucan in healthy adults showing significant enhancement in immune cell populations, including T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells, compared to placebo. The intervention was safe and well tolerated, with no significant changes in kidney or liver function markers.
The Efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum in Overweight Individuals: A Randomized Placebo-controlled trial
This randomized double-blind clinical trial assessed the effect of Ganoderma lucidum on anthropometric indices, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, and blood pressure in 72 overweight individuals. The study found that body weight and BMI decreased after 6 weeks of supplementation, with significant changes in LDL-cholesterol compared to placebo. However, fasting blood sugar, other lipid profile components, and blood pressure did not significantly change.
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Ceratonia siliqua on blood glucose, lipid profile, and body composition in women with fibromyalgia.
Double-blind randomized pilot trial evaluating the effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Ceratonia siliqua on blood glucose, lipid profile, and body composition in women with fibromyalgia. No statistically significant differences were found in outcome measures, though Ceratonia siliqua showed a tendency to reduce fasting glucose levels and increase waist-hip ratio.
Preliminary Efficacy and Safety of Reishi & Privet Formula on Quality of Life Among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in China assessing Reishi & Privet Formula (RPF) for quality of life in NSCLC patients undergoing chemotherapy. RPF showed a nonstatistically significant trend towards improved quality of life and emotional well-being compared to placebo. Adverse events rates were similar between groups.
The Efficacy and Toxicity of Using the Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), and Its Products in Chemotherapy (Review).
This systematic review summarizes current knowledge on the use of Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi or reishi) in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. It discusses the anticancer properties of G. lucidum, its potential to improve therapeutic outcomes, reverse multidrug resistance, and its impact on chemotherapeutic toxicity.
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment.
This meta-analysis evaluated the clinical effects of Ganoderma lucidum on cancer treatment, focusing on tumour response, immune function, and quality of life. The analysis found that G. lucidum, when used alongside chemo/radiotherapy, improved tumour response and immune function, but did not show significant effects when used alone. Quality of life was relatively improved, with minimal side effects reported.
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment.
This meta-analysis evaluated the clinical effects of Ganoderma lucidum on cancer treatment, focusing on tumour response, immune function, and quality of life. The analysis included five RCTs and found that G. lucidum, when used alongside chemo/radiotherapy, improved tumour response and immune function. Quality of life was relatively improved, and minimal side effects were reported. However, G. lucidum alone did not show significant cancer regression.
Ganoderma lucidum dry extract supplementation modulates T lymphocyte function in older women
Double-blind clinical trial with 39 older women, investigating the effects of Ganoderma lucidum dry extract supplementation on lymphocyte function. The Ganoderma lucidum group showed increased lymphocyte proliferation and changes in gene expression indicative of an anti-inflammatory action.
The role of polysaccharide peptide of Ganoderma lucidum as a potent antioxidant against atherosclerosis in high risk and stable angina patients.
Clinical trial of 71 high risk and stable angina patients receiving 750mg/day PsP from Ganoderma lucidum for 90 days. SOD levels increased significantly in stable angina patients, MDA concentration and CEC counts significantly reduced in both groups, indicating potent antioxidant effects against atherosclerosis.
A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of Ganoderma lucidum for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors of metabolic syndrome.
This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ganoderma lucidum for treating hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome. Eighty-four participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome were randomized to receive Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum with Cordyceps sinensis, or placebo for 16 weeks. The study found no effect on primary or secondary outcome measures, suggesting no benefit of Ganoderma lucidum for cardiovascular risk factors in this population.
GANODERMA LUCIDUM IMPROVES PHYSICAL FITNESS IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA.
RCT of 64 women with fibromyalgia comparing 6 g/day of Ganoderma lucidum or Ceratonia siliqua for 6 weeks. Ganoderma lucidum significantly improved aerobic endurance, lower body flexibility, and velocity, while Ceratonia siliqua showed no significant improvement.
A water-soluble extract from culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum mycelia suppresses the development of colorectal adenomas.
RCT on patients with colorectal adenomas comparing a water-soluble extract from Ganoderma lucidum mycelia (MAK) to no treatment. The MAK group showed a decrease in the number and size of adenomas over 12 months, suggesting cancer-preventive effects.
Effect of citronellol and the Chinese medical herb complex on cellular immunity of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of a Chinese medicinal herb complex (CCMH) containing citronellol and extracts of G. lucidum, C. pilosula, and A. sinensis on immune cell counts in 105 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. CCMH significantly reduced leukocyte and neutrophil depletion and improved CD4 lymphocyte and NK cell counts compared to placebo, suggesting improved immune function.
Randomized clinical trial of an ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.
RCT evaluating the safety and efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum extract in 88 men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The extract significantly improved total IPSS scores compared to placebo, with no severe adverse effects reported.
Effect of an extract of Ganoderma lucidum in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized and dose-ranging study.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized and dose-ranging study evaluating the safety and efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum extract in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. The extract was well tolerated and improved the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), with a recommended dose of 6 mg.
A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract in neurasthenia.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the efficacy and safety of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract (Ganopoly) in 132 Chinese patients with neurasthenia. Ganopoly treatment for 8 weeks resulted in significantly lower scores in the CGI severity score and sense of fatigue, and an increased sense of well-being compared to placebo. Ganopoly was well tolerated and showed significant clinical improvement in symptoms of neurasthenia.
Valorization of various lignocellulosic wastes to Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst (Reishi Mushroom) cultivation and their FT-IR assessments
The study explored the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) on various lignocellulosic wastes, assessing its biodegradation properties and nutritional content. The research highlighted the potential of using substrates like oak wood and beech wood for optimal mushroom production and analyzed chemical changes in substrates post-cultivation.
Differential Analysis of Korean and Chinese Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Spore Powder by Infrared Spectroscopy with Stoichiometry.
The study analyzed Korean and Chinese Ganoderma lucidum spore powders using various spectroscopic and analytical techniques. It found no significant differences in microstructure or chemical composition between the spore powders, although active ingredient content varied, with broken-sporoderm powders having higher content than unbroken ones.
Quality evaluation of commercial products of Ganoderma lucidum made from its fruiting body and spore
The study developed an HPLC-DAD fingerprint method for quantifying active components in Ganoderma lucidum (GL) products made from its fruiting body and spore. It identified 11 ganoderma acids as chemical markers for quality control, with the fruiting body containing more compounds than the spore. The method showed higher variability in GL quality across different years.
Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Extracts of Wild Algerian Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
The study evaluated the antioxidant potential and phenolic content of extracts from the Algerian Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. Ethyl acetate extract showed higher phenolic and flavonoid content and demonstrated good antioxidant activity in various assays, suggesting its potential as a natural antioxidant source.
Effect of Continuous Cropping Soil on the Biosynthesis of Bioactive Compounds and the Antioxidant Activity of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
The study investigated the effects of continuous monoculture soil on Ganoderma lucidum, focusing on yield, bioactive components, and antioxidant properties. Results showed increased polysaccharides, triterpenoids, total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity under continuous cropping conditions, attributed to changes in nutrient metabolism and enzyme activities.
Comparative Studies on Bioactive Compounds, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Antioxidant Activity of Pileus and Stipes of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Fruiting Body at Different Growth Stages.
The study investigated bioactive compounds, ganoderic acid biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity in pileus and stipes of Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages. The highest phenolics and flavonoids were found in stipes at spore maturity, while the pileus had more ganoderic acid. Gene transcription levels related to biosynthesis were higher in pileus at bud elongation stage.
Comparative Study on Bioactivities from Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Gives an Insight into the Fermentation Broth Showing Greater Antioxidative Activities.
The study compares the bioactivities of Ganoderma lucidum submerged fermentation broth and fruiting body extract. The fermentation broth showed higher antioxidative activity and tyrosinase inhibition rate than the ethanol extract. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated effective inhibition of pancreatic and prostate cancer cells with minimal effect on nontumor cells.
Evaluation of the Locally Available Substrates for the Cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (W.Curt.:Fr.) Karst (Reishi Mushroom) in Prayagraj, U.P.
The paper discusses the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi Mushroom) in Prayagraj, U.P., highlighting its economic value and medicinal properties, including antitumor, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular, respiratory, antihepatotoxic, and antinociceptive effects.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Nutraceutical Hydroalcoholic Suspension.
The paper evaluates a novel Ganoderma lucidum nutraceutical suspension combining ethanolic and aqueous extracts into a single oral liquid product. The study focuses on the formulation's content of soluble solids, triterpenoids, carbohydrates, and polyphenols, as well as its viscosity, stability, and particle size distribution.
Proximate Composition and Chemical Profiles of Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum (Curt: Fr.) Karst)
The study evaluated the proximate composition and identified bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum. Proximate analysis showed high carbohydrate and protein content, while FTIR and GC-MS identified various functional groups and bioactive compounds, with ethyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate being the most prevalent.
Spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum for the treatment of Alzheimer disease: A pilot study.
Pilot RCT exploring the efficacy and safety of Spore Powder of Ganoderma Lucidum (SPGL) in 42 patients with Alzheimer's disease. The study found no significant improvement in cognitive symptoms, quality of life, or neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to placebo after 6 weeks. Adverse events were mild and similar between groups.
Triterpenoids and polysaccharide peptides-enriched Ganoderma lucidum: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of its antioxidation and hepatoprotective efficacy in healthy volunteers.
RCT of 42 healthy subjects evaluating the antioxidation and hepatoprotective efficacy of triterpenoids and polysaccharide-enriched Ganoderma lucidum. The study found significant improvements in antioxidant capacity, reduction in oxidative stress markers, and reversal of mild fatty liver condition.
Study of potential cardioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi): results of a controlled human intervention trial.
Controlled cross-over trial assessing cardiovascular, metabolic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory responses to Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) in 26 patients with borderline blood pressure and cholesterol. Lingzhi showed no changes in BMI or blood pressure, but plasma insulin and insulin resistance were lower compared to placebo. TAG decreased and HDL-cholesterol increased with Lingzhi, though significant carry-over effects were noted. No significant differences in urine catecholamines, cortisol, plasma antioxidant status, or lymphocyte subsets.
Effect of Ganoderma lucidum capsules on T lymphocyte subsets in football players on "living high-training low".
RCT of 40 male football players examining the effect of Ganoderma lucidum capsules on T lymphocyte subsets during a 28-day 'living high-training low' trial. The study found that Ganoderma lucidum ingestion in the LHTL3 group could help ameliorate the variation of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, suggesting a positive effect on cell-mediated immune function.
Herbal mixtures containing the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum improve recovery time in patients with herpes genitalis and labialis.
RCT investigating the effect of the herbal mixture WTTCGE, containing Ganoderma lucidum, on recovery time in patients with recurrent herpes genitalis and labialis. The treatment significantly reduced the time to symptom relief compared to no treatment.
Safety and tolerability of Ganoderma lucidum in healthy subjects: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety and tolerance of oral Ganoderma lucidum in 16 healthy volunteers. No adverse effects were observed compared to placebo, and while CD56 cell count increased, it did not achieve statistical significance due to high variability and small sample size.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the platelet and global hemostatic effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-Zhi) in healthy volunteers.
Prospective, randomized double-blind study of Ganoderma lucidum in 40 healthy volunteers. Participants received 1.5 g Ganoderma lucidum or placebo daily for 4 weeks. No significant differences in hemostatic function were observed between groups, suggesting no impairment of hemostasis.
Effect of an herbal formula containing Ganoderma lucidum on reduction of herpes zoster pain: a pilot clinical trial.
Pilot clinical trial administering a herbal formula containing Ganoderma lucidum to five Japanese patients with herpes zoster. Pain relief was observed within a few days and was almost complete within 10 days, with no development of post-herpetic neuralgia after more than one year of follow-up.
Ganoderma lucidum suppresses endothelial cell cytotoxicity and proteinuria in persistent proteinuric focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) nephrosis.
RCT involving 14 patients with persistent proteinuria and FSGS nephrosis treated with Ganoderma lucidum. The treatment suppressed endothelial cell cytotoxicity, restored immunocirculatory balance, and successfully suppressed proteinuria.
Effects of ganopoly (a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract) on the immune functions in advanced-stage cancer patients.
RCT investigating the effects of Ganopoly, a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract, on immune function in 34 advanced-stage cancer patients. Treatment with Ganopoly for 12 weeks significantly increased plasma concentrations of IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-gamma, decreased IL-1 and TNF-alpha levels, and enhanced NK activity and PHA responses.
Alteration of pulse in human subjects by three Chinese herbs.
Human subjects were fed with extracts of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium roots, and Ganoderma lucidum. The study examined the pulse of the radial artery and found that each herb has a specific effect on the Fourier components of the pulse, aligning with traditional Chinese medical descriptions.
Encapsulation of progesterone in reishi mushroom composite for optimized hormone replacement and targeted anticancer therapy
The study develops a progesterone–reishi mushroom composite to enhance hormone replacement therapy and anticancer treatment. The composite showed sustained release of progesterone and enhanced anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. It also demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive pathogens and stability over 6 months.
Unlocking Reishi’s secrets: nutritional and medicinal traits of Ganoderma lucidum isolated from tree bark in Egypt
In vitro study of Ganoderma lucidum water extract (GLWE) assessing antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, and antioxidant capacities. GLWE showed inhibition of various microorganisms, anticancer efficacy against tumor cell lines, modest antiviral activity, and strong antioxidant capacity. Analysis revealed diverse compounds including triterpenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, proteins, and carbohydrates.
The Efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum Extracts on Treating Endometrial Cancer: A Network Pharmacology Approach
The study investigates the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum extracts on treating endometrial cancer using network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. GLE inhibited cell proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle in human endometrial cancer cell lines, potentially via the Rap1 signaling pathway.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment of Ethanolic, Aqueous, and Dual Solvent Extracts of Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum: Genomic and Morphological Analysis
In vitro study assessing the antimicrobial efficacy of ethanolic, aqueous, and dual solvent extracts of Ganoderma lucidum against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The ethanolic extract showed the most potent antimicrobial activity, causing morphological changes and genomic mutations in the bacteria.
Dietary Intervention using Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma Lucidum) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Enhances Erythrocyte/Serum Defense Systems in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
The study investigated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract on oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extract reduced serum glucose levels and oxidative stress markers while enhancing antioxidant defense systems, suggesting potential benefits in managing diabetes mellitus.
Senolytic effect of triterpenoid complex from Ganoderma lucidum on adriamycin-induced senescent human hepatocellular carcinoma cells model in vitro and in vivo
The study investigates the senolytic effect of a triterpenoid complex from Ganoderma lucidum on adriamycin-induced senescent human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The triterpenoid complex selectively eliminated senescent cells via apoptosis and reduced senescence markers, inhibiting cancer progression. In vivo, it reduced tumor growth and reversed adriamycin toxicity.
Rapid Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Reishi and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms
The study explores the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (reishi). The biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, demonstrating their potential biomedical applications.
A toxicological assessment of Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps militaris mushroom powders
The study assessed the potential acute toxicity, subchronic toxicity, and genotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps militaris mushroom powders in rats. Results showed that both powders were not acutely toxic, did not exhibit subchronic oral toxicity at doses up to 2,000 mg/kg bw/day, and did not have genotoxic potential.
Effects of Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma Lucidum) Powder Inclusion into Quail Diets on Animal Performance, Carcass Traits, Intestinal Microflora and Serum Parameters
The study investigated the effects of reishi mushroom powder inclusion in quail diets on various performance metrics, carcass traits, intestinal microflora, and serum parameters. No significant effects were observed on live weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, carcass traits, intestinal bacteria populations, or serum biochemical parameters. Slight improvements were noted in some parameters due to the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of reishi mushroom.
Immuno-physiological effects of dietary reishi mushroom powder as a source of beta-glucan on Rohu, Labeo rohita challenged with Aeromonas veronii
The study investigated the effects of dietary reishi mushroom powder containing beta-glucan on the immune function of Labeo rohita. A diet with 10% reishi mushroom powder was administered for 120 days, resulting in significant increases in immunological parameters and enhanced disease defense against Aeromonas veronii. The results suggest that reishi mushroom can significantly boost immune responses in Rohu.
Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Mycelial Polysaccharides from Different Strains of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
The study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from different strains of Ganoderma lucidum. GLPs showed significant antioxidant activity and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression, but no whitening effect. GLPs are promising for development into natural antioxidants for cosmetics and health products.
Identification of potential neuroprotective compound from Ganoderma lucidum extract targeting microtubule affinity regulation kinase 4 involved in Alzheimer's disease through molecular dynamics simulation and MMGBSA
The study investigates potential neuroprotective compounds from Ganoderma lucidum extract targeting microtubule affinity regulation kinase 4 involved in Alzheimer's disease using molecular dynamics simulation and MMGBSA.
Nutrients and Nutraceuticals Content and In Vitro Biological Activities of Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) Fruiting Bodies
The study analyzed the nutrient and nutraceutical content of Ganoderma lucidum (reishi mushroom) fruiting bodies and their in vitro biological activities. The mushroom powder is rich in fiber, carbohydrates, and various vitamins and minerals. It demonstrated high antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.
Structure Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Polysaccharides from Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) by Microwave-Assisted Freeze-Thaw Extraction.
The study isolated and purified a polysaccharide (GLP-2) from Ganoderma lucidum using a microwave-assisted freeze-thaw method. GLP-2 was found to inhibit the production of inflammatory markers NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating anti-inflammatory activity.
Antioxidant Properties of Triterpenoids Isolated from Bagasse-Cultivated Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), at Different Developmental Stages.
The study investigated the content and antioxidant activity of triterpenoids extracted from Ganoderma lucidum during different growth stages. The triterpenoids from stage 5 showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced reactive oxygen species in zebrafish.
Chemical Compounds and Computational Prediction of Their Inhibitory Effects on the HIV-1 gp120 Receptor by Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), with Antler-Like Morphology of Fruiting Bodies.
The study compared crude extracts of Ganoderma lucidum with antler-like fruiting bodies (AGCs) to normal G. lucidum (NGCs) for their cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects on HIV-1 gp120 attachment to CD4. AGCs showed higher inhibition and cytotoxicity, with molecular docking simulations predicting strong binding affinity of ganoderic and ganolucidic acids to the gp120 receptor.
Heat Treatment of Reishi Medicinal Mushroom (Ganoderma lingzhi) Basidiocarp Enhanced Its β-glucan Solubility, Antioxidant Capacity and Lactogenic Properties
The study investigates the effect of heat treatment on Reishi mushroom's β-glucan solubility, antioxidant capacity, and lactogenic properties. Heat-treated samples showed enhanced β-glucan levels, antioxidant capacity, and prebiotic effects, particularly at higher temperatures.
Inhibitory activity of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on colorectal cancer by attenuating inflammation
The study investigates the inhibitory effect of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) on colorectal cancer by attenuating inflammation. In vitro, GL potentiated growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by paclitaxel in cancer cells. In mice, a diet containing GL suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis, with RNA-seq analysis showing down-regulation of genes involved in NF-κB-regulated inflammation pathways.
Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) Extract Ameliorate Hyperglycemia and Liver/Kidney Functions in Streptozotocin-induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Animal study investigating the effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) on hyperglycemia and liver/kidney functions in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. GLE intervention reduced blood glucose levels, increased insulin levels, and improved liver and kidney functions in diabetic rats.
Bioactive properties of commercial Reishi mushroom products in powder form
The study investigates the bioactive properties of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) in powder form, focusing on its antimicrobial effects against various food pathogens and molds, as well as its antioxidant capacity. The results suggest that G. lucidum can be used as a functional food component to enhance the bioactive properties of foods.
Bioactivities and Molecular Characterizations of the Polysaccharide(s) from Ultrasonic-Circulating Extracts of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
The study isolated polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum using ultrasonic-circulating extraction and evaluated their antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities in CCl4-hepatopathy SD rats. The fraction GLP-U80 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities in vitro compared to other fractions.
Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Ameliorates Nonspatial Learning and Memory Deficits in Rats with Hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's Disease.
Animal study investigating the effects of Ganoderma lucidum hot water extract on nonspatial learning and memory deficits in hypercholesterolemic and Alzheimer's disease model rats. The extract improved memory and learning abilities, and maintained neuronal structure and function.
Effects of Extraction Temperature on Efficacy of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Aqueous Extract against Oxidative Stress.
The study investigated the effect of extraction temperature on the antioxidant and biological activity of Ganoderma lucidum extracts. It found that extraction temperatures above 100°C resulted in a loss of antioxidant activities, while extracts prepared at room temperature and 50°C maintained cytoprotective efficacy against oxidative stress. Optimal extraction conditions were below 100°C to retain bioactive compounds and biological activity.
Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Polysaccharides Suppressed Adipogenesis and Stimulated Lipolysis in HPA-v and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.
The study evaluated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) on lipid metabolism in human and murine adipocytes. GLP suppressed lipid accumulation and enhanced triglyceride hydrolysis, suggesting beneficial antiadipogenic effects and potential for antiobesity products.
Analysis of the Influence of Substrate Formulations on the Bioactive Chemical Profile of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) by Conventional and Chemometrics Methods.
The study evaluated the impact of substrate formulation on the bioactive chemical profile of Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom. Using conventional and chemometrics methods, it was found that substrate enrichment with additives like olive oil and copper influenced the contents of bioactive compounds such as triterpenoids and ganoderic acids.
Conditions Affecting Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Basidiome Quality, Morphogenesis, and Biodegradation of Wood By-products in Argentina.
The study investigates solid-state fermentation with Ganoderma lucidum to utilize pine and poplar wood chips and sawdust. It examines mushroom yield, morphological types induced by light, and substrate biodegradation. The research suggests using this method to recycle softwood by-products from the timber industry.
Growth and Yield of Reishi Mushroom [ Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst] in Different Sawdust Substrates
The study investigated the growth and yield of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) using different sawdust substrates in Sri Lanka. Substrates with Mango, Rubber, Rubber + Mango, and Rubber + Lunumidella sawdust resulted in high yields and biological efficiency, suggesting these combinations are suitable for cultivation.
Unlocking the Potential of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis): Botanical Overview, Therapeutic Applications, and Nanotechnological Advances
This narrative review explores the therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) in traditional and innovative therapies, particularly in cancer treatment. It discusses how nanotechnology-based strategies can enhance the extraction, stability, and delivery of GL's bioactive compounds, showing promising anticancer activity.
Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum): pharmacology of a potent healer in traditional Chinese medicine.
This review explores the pharmacology of Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), a macrofungus in Traditional Chinese Medicine. It discusses its bioactive compounds and therapeutic potential, including immunomodulation, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, and alopecia-treating properties.
Therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum/ Reishi mushroom.
The paper reviews the therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom), highlighting its use in traditional medicine and its properties such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antibacterial effects. It discusses its role in cancer therapy, including apoptosis induction and inhibition of angiogenic factors, and its growing market presence in various regions.
Ganoderma lucidum—From Ancient Remedies to Modern Applications: Chemistry, Benefits, and Safety
Narrative review of Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom known as Reishi or Lingzhi, highlighting its bioactive components and therapeutic properties. The mushroom offers health benefits such as immunomodulation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, liver protection, and anti-cancer activities. Advances in extraction technologies have improved compound bioavailability and efficacy.
Exploring the health benefits of Ganoderma: antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of action
This review examines the antimicrobial properties of Ganoderma, focusing on its bioactive compounds like polysaccharides and triterpenoids. These compounds exhibit strong antimicrobial effects against various bacteria and fungi by targeting cell walls and inhibiting microbial enzymes. The review highlights Ganoderma's potential as a natural antimicrobial agent and its role in modulating immune responses.
Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Nanogel in a Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat Model: Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidative Activity.
The study evaluated the effectiveness of Ganoderma lucidum nanogels in a rheumatoid arthritis rat model. Results showed significant reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased eNOS levels, indicating anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities.
Exploring the health benefits of Ganoderma: bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action; immunomodulatory, and anti-tumour activities
This review explores the bioactive compounds in Ganoderma mushrooms and their mechanisms of action, focusing on immunomodulatory and anti-tumour activities. It highlights the role of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in modulating the immune system and exerting anti-tumour effects through apoptosis induction and angiogenesis inhibition.
Neuroprotective, neurogenic, and anticholinergic evidence of Ganoderma lucidum cognitive effects: Crucial knowledge is still lacking
Narrative review discussing the cognitive effects of Ganoderma lucidum, known as Ling Zhi or Reishi, highlighting its potential neuroprotective, neurogenic, and anticholinergic properties. The review explores mechanisms such as inhibition of β‐amyloid and neurofibrillary tangle formation, antioxidant effects, and reduction of inflammatory cytokine release.
Pharmacological Activities of Reishi (Ganoderma Lucidum): Potent Medicinal Mushroom
Narrative review of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) discussing its bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities, including immunomodulation, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties, and estrogenic activity. The review highlights its potential applications in treating autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular health, and sex-hormone related aging ailments.
Therapeutical Properties of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum Species on Acute and Chronic Diseases
Narrative review of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) focusing on its pharmacological and therapeutic properties. The mushroom is noted for its immune-boosting, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumoral, and antioxidant effects, with active compounds like triterpenoids and polysaccharides showing anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, and anti-hypertensive effects.
Ganoderma lucidum: Novel Insight into Hepatoprotective Potential with Mechanisms of Action
Narrative review of Ganoderma lucidum's hepatoprotective properties and mechanisms of action in various liver disorders. The review highlights its potential as a nutraceutical and functional food for managing chronic hepatopathies.
A Review on Management of Varius Disease by Traditional Chinese Medicine Ganoderma lucidum
This narrative review discusses the traditional and scientific uses of Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Lingzhi or Reishi, in traditional Chinese medicine. It highlights its therapeutic activities, including antitumor, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects, and reviews pharmacological mechanisms related to its extract components like polysaccharides and triterpenoids.
Germplasm resources and secondary metabolism regulation in Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum)
The paper reviews the germplasm resources of Ganoderma lucidum, focusing on its distribution, molecular identification, and the biological activities and biosynthetic pathways of ganoderic acid. It aims to provide scientific evidence for the development and utilization of G. lucidum germplasm resources.
Nutritional Profile and Health Benefits of Ganoderma lucidum “Lingzhi, Reishi, or Mannentake” as Functional Foods: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives
The paper provides an extensive overview of the nutraceutical value of Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Lingzhi, Reishi, or Mannentake, and its development as a commercial functional food. It discusses the mushroom's bioactive components, potential antiviral properties, and the importance of geo-origin tracing for product quality and safety.
A Review of Substrates for Solid-State Fermentation of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), for Basidiome Production and Effect on Bioactive Compounds.
This review discusses substrates for solid-state fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi or Reishi) for basidiome production and their effects on bioactive compounds. It highlights the use of lignocellulosic materials and supplements in substrate formulations and suggests future research on enzyme production treatments.
Available Chemical Constituents and Activities of Ganoderma Lucidum (Lingzhi or Red Reishi) Utilizing in Disease Treatment: A mini review
This mini review discusses the chemical constituents and health benefits of Ganoderma Lucidum (red Reishi or Lingzhi), a medicinal mushroom used as a nutraceutical and complementary medicine. The review highlights its use in disease treatment and its potential health benefits.
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) an edible mushroom; a comprehensive and critical review of its nutritional, cosmeceutical, mycochemical, pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological properties
This narrative review provides a comprehensive assessment of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) covering its nutritional, cosmeceutical, mycochemical, pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological properties. It highlights the pharmacological potential in various conditions such as diabetes, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and immune disorders, while noting the need for quality clinical data to support its use in humans.
Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Ameliorates Spatial Learning and Memory Deficits in Rats with Hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's Disease.
Animal study investigating the effect of Ganoderma lucidum hot water extract on spatial learning and memory in hypercholesterolemic and Alzheimer's disease model rats. Extract-fed rats showed improved performance in the Morris water maze, indicating amelioration of memory and learning deficits.
Possible Use of Ganoderma Mushroom Extracts for the Treatment of Some Chronic Risk Factors Associated with Severe Covid-19
The paper reviews the potential use of Ganoderma mushroom extracts for managing COVID-19 complications due to their anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immune modulatory, and antioxidant properties. Most research has been conducted on rodent models, with few clinical trials.
Ganoderma: The wild mushroom with wonderful health benefits
This narrative review discusses the health benefits of Ganoderma lucidum, highlighting its antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating properties. It is noted for its potential against cancer, hepatitis, hypertension, asthma, gastric issues, and insomnia.
Synthesis and characterization of Reishi mushroom-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles for the biochemical applications.
The study synthesized silver nanoparticles using reishi mushroom extract and characterized them using various analytical techniques. The nanoparticles demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, DNA cleavage activity, and strong antimicrobial effects against various bacteria and fungi.
Supplementation of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Extract Enhanced the Medicinal Values and Prebiotic Index of Hungarian Acacia Honey.
The study investigated the supplementation of acacia honey with Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) extract to enhance its biological value. The fortified honey showed increased total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, radical scavenging power, and prebiotic index compared to pure acacia honey.
Effects of Concurrently Administered Aqueous Extract of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), and Lead Acetate in Rats.
Animal study evaluating the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract against lead toxicity in rats. The extract significantly reduced lead levels in the liver and kidneys, improved serum enzyme levels, and reversed oxidative stress markers, suggesting protective antioxidant effects.
Synergistic immuno-modulatory activity in human macrophages of a medicinal mushroom formulation consisting of Reishi, Shiitake and Maitake
In vitro study of a mushroom formula consisting of Reishi, Shiitake, and Maitake on human macrophages. The formula showed a synergistic immuno-stimulatory effect on cytokine expression, with lower EC50 values in TNF-α expression compared to individual extracts, suggesting enhanced immuno-modulatory activity.
Determination of genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of wild-grown Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) using the hen’s egg test for analysis of micronucleus induction
The study investigated the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of aqueous extract of wild-grown Ganoderma lucidum using the hen’s egg test for micronucleus induction. The extract exhibited no genotoxic effect but showed an antigenotoxic effect, suggesting it as a valuable natural antigenotoxic agent.
Extracts of Polypore Mushroom Mycelia Reduce Viruses in Honey Bees
Study tested extracts from amadou (Fomes) and reishi (Ganoderma) fungi on honey bees, showing reduced levels of deformed wing virus (DWV) and Lake Sinai virus (LSV) in a dose-dependent manner. Field trials with Ganoderma resinaceum extract showed significant reductions in DWV and LSV in bee colonies.
Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant, and Antiapoptotic Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted from Reishi Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Leysser: Fr) Karst, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
The study investigates the effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) on obesity-related parameters in mice fed a high-fat diet. GLP administration reduced body weight gain, serum lipid accumulation, and oxidative stress, and inhibited apoptosis in splenic lymphocytes, indicating hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
Antihyperglycemic, insulin-sensitivity and antihyperlipidemic potential of Ganoderma lucidum, a dietary mushroom, on alloxan- and glucocorticoid- induced diabetic Long-Evans rats
The study investigated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) on alloxan- and glucocorticoid-induced diabetes in Long-Evans rats. The petroleum ether and methanol extracts of Reishi mushroom dose-dependently reduced plasma glucose levels, augmented plasma insulin levels, and improved lipid profiles in diabetic rats, suggesting its potential benefits for diabetes management.
Monitoring of immune responses to a herbal immuno-modulator in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Open-labeled study evaluating the effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on immune functions in 47 patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Treatment tended to increase certain immune parameters, but no statistical significance was observed. Correlations were found between changes in various immune markers.
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of edible mushrooms: Ganoderma and their secondary metabolites as novel antiviral agents for combating COVID-19
The paper discusses the potential of Ganoderma and its secondary metabolites as novel antiviral agents against COVID-19. It highlights the antiviral mechanisms of Ganoderma compounds, such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides, including inhibition of viral replication and modulation of immune responses.
Ganoderma lingzhi (Reishi Mushroom)-Induced Acute Liver Injury in the Setting of Alcohol Use: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Case report of a 47-year-old male presenting with acute hepatitis after consuming Reishi Mushroom powder and alcohol. The patient experienced significant transaminitis, managed with N-acetylcysteine and IV fluids, with complete resolution of symptoms and lab abnormalities at two-week follow-up.