Research
Probiotics
553 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes: an umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.
This umbrella review and re-analysis of meta-analyses and RCTs evaluated the effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced TNF-α levels and increased secretory IgA and IFN-γ levels, indicating a positive modulation of immune function and inflammation. No significant effects were observed for IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10.
Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children.
Systematic review of 14 studies involving 924 children and adolescents with ASD, evaluating the effects of probiotic supplementation on core ASD symptoms. Eight studies reported significant improvement in social and communication domains, though evidence quality is limited and inconsistent.
The effects of oral probiotic intervention on brain structure and function in human adults: a systematic review.
Systematic review of 19 studies with 762 subjects assessing the effects of oral probiotic interventions on brain health using imaging or electrophysiology techniques. Probiotic intake appears to modify resting state connectivity, decrease brain region involvement during negative emotional stimulation, and improve sleep quality.
Effect of Probiotic and Synbiotic Oral Supplementation in Autoimmune Diseases: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of oral probiotics in managing inflammation in patients with autoimmune diseases. Twelve RCTs involving 703 patients showed significant reductions in inflammatory markers such as IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, and hs-CRP with probiotic supplementation. Subgroup analysis indicated greater improvements in rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis patients.
Effect of probiotic intake on athletic ability in healthy people: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.
Systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of 21 RCTs involving 685 healthy adults. Probiotic supplementation was associated with a small-to-moderate improvement in athletic performance, particularly in endurance-centric outcomes. Both single-strain and multi-strain regimens were effective, with the most consistent benefits observed at a medium daily dose.
Probiotic-Driven Competitive Exclusion in the Human Gut: A Meta-Analysis of Microbial Diversity and Pathogen Suppression.
This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of probiotics in reducing pathogen colonization within the human gut. The pooled odds ratio for the impact of probiotics on pathogen exclusion was 1.68, demonstrating a statistically significant benefit. The findings support the integration of probiotics into therapeutic strategies for managing gastrointestinal infections.
Efficacy of Probiotic Treatment in Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.
Systematic review of 36 preclinical studies evaluating probiotic supplementation in animal models of alcohol-associated liver disease. Probiotics consistently attenuated alcohol-induced liver injury, improved liver histology, and restored gut barrier integrity and microbial diversity. However, the overall certainty of evidence was rated as very low.
Effects of probiotic and metformin co-administration versus metformin monotherapy on anthropometric measurements, hormones, and glucolipid profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies assessing the effects of probiotics added to metformin in women with PCOS. The addition of probiotics decreased insulin resistance and gastrointestinal adverse effects, and possibly lowered luteinizing hormone levels compared to metformin alone.
Effectiveness of probiotic supplementation in managing depressive symptoms and inflammatory status in patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation on depressive symptoms and inflammatory status in individuals with depression. Probiotic supplementation was significantly associated with improvement in depressive symptoms, but no significant changes were found in inflammatory biomarkers.
The effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy on pregnancy complications: An umbrella meta-analysis.
Umbrella meta-analysis of 27 studies with 83,817 participants examining the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy. Probiotics reduced the risk of gestational diabetes but increased the risk of preeclampsia and extended gestational age. No significant impact on cesarean section or gestational weight gain was observed.
Probiotic Supplements Effect on Feeding Tolerance, Growth and Neonatal Morbidity in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 RCTs and 3 non-randomized studies involving 14,888 extremely preterm infants. Probiotic supplementation showed a trend towards improved feeding tolerance and significant reductions in necrotizing enterocolitis and all-cause mortality, though evidence certainty was low.
Meta-analysis of probiotic metabolites in the prevention of gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention.
This meta-analysis of 46 RCTs involving over 12,500 pregnant women found that probiotic supplementation, especially multispecies formulations, reduced gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention. Probiotics also improved metabolic markers such as fasting glucose, HOMA-IR scores, and cholesterol levels, suggesting benefits for maternal metabolic health during pregnancy.
Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of BBG001 probiotic supplementation in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), late-onset sepsis, and all-cause mortality in preterm infants. The analysis included nine studies with 7180 preterm infants and found that BBG001 significantly reduced the risk of NEC, mortality, morbidity, sepsis, periventricular leukomalacia, and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Probiotics Combined With Trimebutine for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 RCTs involving 4360 participants assessing the efficacy and safety of probiotics combined with trimebutine for IBS treatment. The combination therapy showed significantly higher efficacy than trimebutine alone, with a favorable safety profile. Subgroup analysis indicated that compound Lactobacillus capsules had the best effect.
The impact of probiotics on Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth quadruple therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of probiotics on Helicobacter pylori eradication when used with bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT). The analysis included 19 RCTs with 2973 samples, showing that probiotic-supplemented BQT significantly improved eradication rates and reduced adverse events compared to BQT alone. Saccharomyces boulardii and multi-strain probiotics were particularly effective.
Efficacy and safety of probiotic supplements on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function in adults. It included 34 RCTs with 2,390 participants, finding limited evidence of cognitive improvement from probiotics, particularly in MoCA and CFT scores, though the certainty of evidence was low. Probiotics did not significantly reduce the risk of adverse events.
Quantitative analysis of the efficacy characteristics and influencing factors of weight loss drugs in children and adolescents.
Meta-analysis of 31 articles involving 1723 participants to evaluate the efficacy of weight loss drugs in children and adolescents. The study found that baseline BMI significantly affected weight loss outcomes, with probiotics showing a mean weight reduction of 3.23 kg at 56 weeks. The analysis also compared drug effectiveness between children/adolescents and adults.
Research progress of probiotics intervention on reconstruction of intestinal flora and improvement of quality of life in patients after endometrial cancer surgery.
Meta-analysis of 18 RCTs with 1,246 participants assessing probiotic supplementation in endometrial cancer surgery patients. Probiotics significantly enhanced gut microbial diversity, increased beneficial microbes, reduced opportunistic pathogens, improved quality of life, alleviated gastrointestinal disturbances, and lowered inflammatory markers.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on intestinal microbiota in patients with diabetes/prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota and clinical outcomes in diabetic patients. Probiotics significantly increased fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium levels and reduced fasting plasma glucose. Shorter intervention durations and younger patients showed more significant improvements.
Impact of Probiotic/Synbiotic Supplementation on Post-Bariatric Surgery Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 RCTs involving 809 patients assessed the effects of probiotics/synbiotics on metabolic, anthropometric, and nutritional outcomes after bariatric surgery. Probiotic use significantly reduced BMI, HbA1c, triglycerides, and AST levels, while increasing ALP and vitamin D levels. Ferritin levels were lower in the probiotic group. Enhanced benefits were observed in patients undergoing mini-gastric bypass with perioperative or synbiotic interventions.
Efficacy of probiotic supplementation and impact on fecal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating probiotics supplementation in 795 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics showed a positive effect by reducing serological inflammatory markers and increasing favorable gut flora, though disease activity indicators showed no significant difference.
The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Cytokine Modulation in Athletes After a Bout of Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the impact of probiotic supplementation on cytokine modulation in athletes post-exercise. It included 19 studies with 526 athletes, finding that probiotics significantly increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, potentially aiding recovery. No significant effects were observed for other cytokines, and further research is needed to clarify these effects.
The Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics on Wound Infection: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review summarizes evidence on the effect of oral probiotic therapy on infected wound healing among surgical patients. Probiotics were found to significantly reduce the duration of antibiotic usage and hospital stay, with no serious side effects, and positively affect wound infections following various surgeries.
Oral probiotic supplementation to alleviate diarrhea induced by fluoropyrimidines or irinotecan-based chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of probiotics in managing diarrhea induced by fluoropyrimidine or irinotecan-based chemotherapy in cancer patients. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced all grade diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and anorexia compared to controls, and improved intestinal microbial balance and quality of life symptom scales.
Impact of probiotic treatment on clinical symptom reduction in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy of probiotics in improving clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. The analysis of 5 included studies showed a significant reduction in symptoms measured by the PANSS total score after probiotic supplementation.
Efficacy of Probiotics Compared With Pharmacological Treatments for Maintenance Therapy for Functional Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing probiotics with pharmacological treatments for functional constipation in children. Probiotics did not significantly increase bowel movements compared to conventional treatments or placebo. Mineral oil and polyethylene glycol were the most effective treatments.
Probiotics supplementation during pregnancy or infancy on multiple food allergies and gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 studies assessing the effects of probiotics supplementation during pregnancy or infancy on food allergy risk and gut microbiota. Probiotics reduced the risk of total food allergy, cow-milk allergy, and egg allergy, with benefits observed with over 2 probiotic species and specific colony-forming unit increases.
Gut microbiota, probiotics, and migraine: a clinical review and meta-analysis.
This clinical review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between gut microbiota, probiotics, and migraine. It included 14 articles and conducted a meta-analysis of 2 randomized controlled trials on probiotics' effect on migraine prevention. The meta-analysis found probiotics influenced migraine frequency but had no significant impact on migraine severity or duration.
An updated systematic review and appraisal of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of probiotics in alleviating depression.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of probiotics on depression, focusing on gut microbiota modulation and neural mechanisms. It included 12 RCTs and found that probiotics significantly reduced depressive symptoms, improved gut microbiota, inflammatory markers, cognitive function, and mood regulation. Multi-strain probiotics showed more consistent effects than single-strain interventions.
Effects of Probiotics and Diet Management in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluating the effects of probiotics and diet management on IBS. A low-FODMAP diet combined with probiotics was most effective in relieving IBS symptoms. Probiotics alone improved quality of life for IBS patients with the fewest adverse events.
The effects of probiotic supplementation on body composition, recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage, and exercise performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effects of probiotic supplementation on body composition, recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage, and exercise performance. Significant effects were found on body weight, percent body fat, creatine kinase, and VO2 max, but not on BMI, lean body mass, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin levels.
Harnessing the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Routes to Personalized Medicine-A Systematic Review.
Systematic review evaluating the role of probiotics in modulating immune responses and their synergistic interaction with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer immunotherapy. Probiotics were found to enhance anti-inflammatory responses and increase CD8+ T-cell activity, suggesting a synergistic effect with ICIs. Personalized probiotics tailored to individual microbiota showed potential for optimized treatment outcomes.
The effectiveness of treatment with probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis and related mortality: results from an umbrella meta-analysis on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.
This umbrella meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and related mortality in preterm infants. The analysis included 35 studies and found that both single-strain and multi-strain probiotics significantly reduced the incidence of NEC and mortality rates.
The effects of probiotics administration during pregnancy on preeclampsia and associated maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidence from 29 trials involving 7735 pregnant women to evaluate the effects of probiotic administration during pregnancy on preeclampsia and related outcomes. The analysis found that probiotics may not significantly affect the risk of preeclampsia, preterm birth, or gestational age at delivery, with low certainty evidence. Further high-quality trials are needed to assess the benefits and possible harms of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy.
Efficacy and safety of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 studies involving 3011 IBS patients found probiotics more effective than placebo in reducing IBS symptoms and improving quality of life scores. High doses or multiple strains of probiotics showed beneficial effects on abdominal pain, though high inter-study heterogeneity was noted. Probiotics were deemed effective and safe, but further large-scale trials are needed.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on bone health in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 RCTs involving 1183 postmenopausal women assessing the effects of probiotic supplementation on bone health. Probiotic supplementation was associated with significantly greater BMD in the lumbar spine and hip, and reduced levels of CTX and BALP. The effects were more pronounced in women with osteopenia than those with osteoporosis.
The effect of probiotic consumption on lipid profile, glycemic index, inflammatory markers, and liver function in NAFLD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 RCTs with 899 participants assessing probiotic intake in NAFLD patients. Probiotic supplementation improved alanine transaminase and insulin sensitivity, but showed no significant effects on fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, or inflammatory markers.
Effect of probiotics on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of 12 RCTs with 852 patients showing that probiotics improved global cognitive function, recall/delayed memory, attention, and visuospatial/constructional cognitive domains in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
Efficacy of probiotic supplements on Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 RCTs with 756 PD patients evaluating the efficacy of probiotics on Parkinson's disease. Probiotics increased complete bowel movements and improved constipation-related quality of life, but showed no significant effect on fecal traits, defecation efforts, or PD composite scale scores.
Probiotics supplementation or probiotic-fortified products on sarcopenic indices in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis from recent randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of probiotic supplementation on sarcopenic indices in older adults. Probiotic supplementation significantly increased muscle mass and strength, though results showed high heterogeneity.
Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus Probiotics and Gut Dysbiosis in Preterm Infants: The PRIMAL Randomized Clinical Trial.
The PRIMAL randomized clinical trial examined the efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics in preventing colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms and shaping the microbiome of preterm infants. The probiotics did not reduce MDRO+ colonization but improved eubiosis scores, indicating a positive modulation of the microbiome.
"Do probiotics mitigate GI-induced inflammation and perceived fatigue in athletes? A systematic review".
This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation on fatigue, inflammatory markers, and exercise performance in athletes. The review includes 13 studies with 513 participants, showing that probiotics may enhance endurance performance, reduce GI symptoms, and decrease upper respiratory tract infections, suggesting benefits in mitigating exercise-induced stress and damage.
A meta-analysis of the therapeutic effect of probiotic intervention in obese or overweight adolescents.
Meta-analysis of 8 RCTs with 391 adolescents examining probiotic supplementation effects on obesity-related metrics. Probiotics decreased BMI, fasting blood glucose, and C-reactive protein, but increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL.
Probiotics for autism spectrum disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of effects on symptoms.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of probiotic interventions on behavioral symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Analyzing eight studies with 318 participants, the results showed significant improvement in behavioral symptoms with probiotic supplementation, with various factors such as region, duration, and type of probiotic influencing outcomes.
Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in the treatment of psoriasis-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of five studies with 286 patients evaluating the efficacy of probiotic supplementation for psoriasis treatment. Results showed probiotics were superior to placebo, improving Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and Dermatology Life Quality Index scores.
Filaggrin Mutation Status and Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis with Maternal Probiotic Supplementation.
This exploratory study investigated the preventive effect of maternal probiotics on atopic dermatitis in children with and without filaggrin gene mutations. The study found that maternal probiotics reduced the risk of atopic dermatitis, with a risk ratio of 0.6, regardless of the child's filaggrin mutation status.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of probiotics on bone outcomes in rodent models.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of probiotic supplementation on bone mineral density and bone structure in rodent models. Probiotics improved volumetric bone mineral density and bone volume fraction in both intact and ovariectomized rodents, supporting their potential to enhance bone health.
Effect of probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota in very preterm infants: a systematic review.
Systematic review of probiotic supplementation in very preterm infants, focusing on gut microbiota development. Probiotic supplementation increased the relative abundance of supplemented strains and decreased potentially pathogenic species, potentially reducing health complications like NEC.
From gut to brain: unveiling probiotic effects through a neuroimaging perspective-A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of RCTs examining probiotic effects on brain activity and functioning using fMRI. Probiotics modulate brain activity related to emotional regulation and cognitive processing in healthy individuals and normalize brain function in patients with major depressive disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.
Probiotics supplementation in the treatment of male infertility: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review evaluates studies on probiotic supplementation in men with idiopathic male infertility. Probiotics showed promising antioxidant properties, protecting sperm DNA from damage and improving sperm quality, particularly motility.
Efficacy and safety of probiotics in IBD: An overview of systematic reviews and updated meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
This paper provides an overview of systematic reviews and an updated meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of probiotics on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Probiotics, particularly multi-strain formulations, appear efficacious for inducing clinical remission and preventing relapse in UC patients and relapsing pouchitis, but no significant effect was identified for CD. The safety profile of probiotics was favorable.
Probiotic Supplementation for Promotion of Growth in Undernourished Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 RCTs with 5295 undernourished children assessing the effect of probiotic supplementation on growth outcomes. Probiotics may have little to no effect on weight-for-age and height-for-age, with low-certainty evidence and considerable heterogeneity among trials.
Growth and neuro-developmental outcomes of probiotic supplemented preterm infants-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 30 RCTs involving 4817 preterm infants to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation. Probiotic supplementation was associated with better short-term weight gain but did not affect length, head circumference, long-term growth, or neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Effects of maternal probiotic supplementation on breast milk microbiome and infant gut microbiome and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 RCTs examined the effects of maternal probiotic supplementation on breast milk and infant gut microbiome composition and infant health. Probiotics increased beneficial bacteria in breast milk and the infant gut, controlled infant weight gain, and decreased the occurrence of infantile colic.
The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Glucolipid Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of probiotic supplementation on glucolipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. The analysis included 37 publications with a total of 2502 participants and found that probiotic intervention significantly improved various metabolic parameters, including body mass index, fasting glucose, insulin concentrations, and lipid profiles.
The effects of probiotics supplementation on glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of probiotics supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Analyzing 30 RCTs with 1,827 patients, the study found that probiotics significantly improved glycaemic control parameters such as fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR compared to placebo.
Safety and efficacy of probiotic supplements as adjunctive therapies in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing probiotic supplementation as adjunctive therapy in COVID-19 patients. Probiotics probably reduce the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory symptoms, and may improve clinical outcomes with reduced adverse events.
Effects of Probiotics on Glycemic Control and Metabolic Parameters in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 RCTs involving 854 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Probiotic supplements improved glycemic control, lipid profile, and reduced neonatal birth weight compared to placebo.
Evaluation of improvement of cognitive impairment in older adults with probiotic supplementation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of ten studies involving 702 older adults with cognitive impairment. Probiotic supplementation showed a positive impact on memory and overall cognitive function, as well as reducing oxidative stress levels. However, it did not improve psychological symptoms.
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the effects of probiotics in Parkinson's disease.
Meta-analysis of nine RCTs with 663 participants examining the effects of probiotics on Parkinson's disease. Probiotic treatment significantly improved motor symptoms, gastrointestinal dysfunction, anxiety, and depression in PD patients. Probiotics also reduced laxative use and increased serum GSH levels. The certainty of evidence was graded as very low to low.
Probiotic supplementation in neonates and long-term gut colonisation: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials.
Systematic review of neonatal probiotic RCTs evaluating long-term gut colonisation. Four RCTs with 605 infants were included, showing presence of intestinal probiotic bacteria at 6-12 months post-supplementation, but not at 24 months. Evidence certainty is low due to small sample size and heterogeneity.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on performance of resistance and aerobic exercises: a systematic review.
Systematic review of 17 RCTs assessing the effects of probiotic supplementation on athletic performance in 496 individuals. Some studies showed positive effects on aerobic performance and strength, particularly with Lactobacillus strains, but most found no effect. The review concludes there is insufficient evidence to support probiotics improving exercise performance.
Maternal fish oil and/or probiotics intervention: Allergic diseases in children up to two years old.
Double-blind trial of 439 pregnant women randomized to receive fish oil, probiotics, both, or placebo to assess effects on allergic diseases in children up to two years old. No significant differences were found in food allergy, atopic eczema, or atopy, but probiotics were associated with lower odds of recurrent wheezing at 24 months.
Effect of probiotics on nutritional status, biochemical parameters, and disease severity in cirrhotic patients referred for liver transplantation-A randomised double blind, placebo-controlled trial.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial studied the effect of probiotics (VSL#3) on nutritional status, biochemical parameters, and liver disease severity in 215 cirrhotic patients referred for liver transplantation. Probiotic supplementation improved nutritional assessment parameters, reduced direct bilirubin levels, increased albumin levels, and decreased Child Turcotte Pugh scores, indicating reduced liver disease severity.
Beneficial Effects ofPBS072 andBB077 on Mood Imbalance, Self-Confidence, and Breastfeeding in Women during the First Trimester Postpartum.
A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial on 200 new mothers assessed the effects of probiotic supplementation containing PBS072 and BB077 on mood and breastfeeding quality during the first trimester postpartum. The probiotic group showed significant improvements in mood and breastfeeding quality compared to the control group.
Effect of Probiotics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials on probiotics in breast cancer patients and survivors. Probiotics, particularly ProLBS with FOS and ProLBE, show potential benefits in countering obesity, dyslipidemia, and inflammation, and improving quality of life in breast cancer-associated lymphedema.
The safety and efficacy of probiotic supplementation for critically ill adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the safety and efficacy of probiotics in reducing ICU-acquired infections in critically ill adult patients. Probiotics significantly reduced ICU-acquired infections but showed no significant difference in mortality rate. Probiotics are considered safe with a potential reduction in diarrhea incidence.
Systematic review of probiotics as an adjuvant treatment for psychiatric disorders
Systematic review evaluating the effects of adjuvant probiotic or synbiotic administration in combination with first-line treatments for psychiatric illnesses. Probiotic treatment was found to improve symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder when used with SSRIs, and to improve the tolerability of antipsychotics in schizophrenia, though not clinical outcomes.
Effects of probiotics on preventing caries in preschool children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of probiotics on preventing caries in preschool children. A total of 17 randomized controlled trials were included, showing that probiotics were associated with a reduced incidence and progression of caries. Probiotics reduced high levels of Streptococcus mutans in saliva but did not affect the amount of Lactobacillus in saliva and dental plaque.
Probiotic supplementation during antibiotic treatment is unjustified in maintaining the gut microbiome diversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiome diversity during antibiotic therapy. The analysis found no significant difference in diversity indices between probiotic supplemented and control groups, suggesting probiotics do not influence gut microbiome diversity during antibiotic treatment.
Meta-analysis on preventive and therapeutic effects of probiotic supplementation in infant atopic dermatitis.
Meta-analysis investigating the effects of probiotic supplementation on atopic dermatitis (AD) incidence and severity. Probiotics reduced AD incidence by 22%, with greater reductions when given to pregnant and lactating mothers. L. paracasei and L. sakei significantly decreased SCORAD, while L. rhamnosus was ineffective. Probiotics are effective in preventing AD, but less conclusive for treatment, especially in infants under 1 year.
The Effects of Probiotics/Synbiotics on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
This meta-analysis of 11 RCTs examines the effects of probiotics/synbiotics on glucose and lipid metabolism in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Probiotics/synbiotics significantly improved fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, HOMA-IR, and total cholesterol compared to placebo, suggesting potential benefits for managing GDM.
Efficacy and safety of probiotic-supplemented bismuth quadruple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the addition of probiotics to bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Probiotic supplementation improved eradication rates and reduced side effects, including diarrhea and bitter taste.
Probiotic supplements are effective in people with cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This meta-analysis evaluated the effect of probiotic supplements on cognitive function. The pooled results showed significant improvements in cognition among populations with Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment, particularly with single probiotic strains, over 12 weeks, and doses >1×10^9 CFU/g. Probiotic supplementation was not effective for people without cognitive impairment.
Effect of intake of probiotics and probiotic fermented foods on clinical outcomes among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effect of probiotics and probiotic-fermented foods on clinical outcomes among people living with HIV. Probiotic supplementation modestly improved CD4 lymphocyte count, particularly in HAART-naive individuals, but had no significant effect on viral load or haemoglobin concentration.
Efficacy and safety of oral probiotic supplementation in mitigating postoperative surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the efficacy and safety of oral probiotics in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) in colorectal cancer surgery patients. Probiotic administration significantly reduced SSIs and hospital stay duration, with multi-strain probiotics being more effective than single strain.
Probiotic adjuvant treatment in combination with scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of probiotic supplementation as an adjuvant treatment in chronic periodontitis. The analysis included 19 studies and found that probiotics significantly improved clinical outcomes such as plaque index, periodontal probing depth, and levels of subgingival microbes. The results suggest probiotics can enhance treatment efficacy in periodontal disease.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of probiotics on oxidative stress in healthy adults.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 RCTs investigates the effects of probiotics on oxidative stress in healthy adults. Probiotic supplementation improved total antioxidant capacity and glutathione levels, and decreased malondialdehyde concentrations, although no significant changes were observed in superoxide dismutase levels.
Effect of probiotic supplementation on cognition and depressive symptoms in patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining probiotic effects on cognition and depressive symptoms in major depressive disorder patients. Probiotics showed a statistically significant moderate improvement in cognitive outcomes, but the effect on depressive symptoms was negligible and not statistically significant.
Probiotics and Their Role in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Short-Term Versus Long-Term Effect): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 RCTs assessing the efficacy of probiotics in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Probiotic supplementation showed significant improvements in insulin resistance, glycated hemoglobin levels, and fasting blood glucose compared to placebo, though results were heterogeneous.
Probiotics as an effective therapeutic approach in alleviating depression symptoms: an umbrella meta-analysis
Umbrella meta-analysis of 10 meta-analyses with 8886 participants investigating the impact of probiotic supplementation on depression symptoms. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced depression symptoms, with more robust effects observed for interventions lasting over 8 weeks and dosages greater than 10×10^9 CFU.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on glucose metabolism in pregnant women without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 RCTs with 2213 participants investigating the effects of probiotic supplementation on glucose metabolism in pregnant women without diabetes. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced GDM incidence, serum fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, and HOMA-IR, but had no significant effects on OGTT results.
Postnatal probiotic supplementation can prevent and optimize treatment of childhood asthma and atopic disorders: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of RCTs assessing postnatal probiotics for preventing and treating childhood asthma and atopic disorders. The review found that specific probiotic strains can reduce asthma incidence and improve clinical outcomes in atopic dermatitis and cow-milk protein allergy.
Oral Administration of Probiotics Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea and Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of oral probiotics in managing chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and oral mucositis in cancer patients. Analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials with 1,013 patients showed that probiotics significantly reduced the risk of these adverse reactions, particularly in Asian patients. The study suggests that the number and species of probiotics may influence the outcomes.
Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy and safety of probiotics on cognitive function, oxidative stress, and gastrointestinal function in patients with Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, and Parkinson's disease. Probiotics improved cognitive function and gastrointestinal symptoms, reduced inflammatory response, and improved lipid metabolism.
Probiotics for the improvement of metabolic profiles in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This meta-analysis of 15 RCTs with 772 patients assessed the efficacy of probiotics in treating metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Probiotic supplementation reduced liver enzyme levels and improved glycometabolism, but showed no significant effect on cholesterol, triglycerides, or inflammatory markers.
Preventive Effect of Probiotics on Oral Mucositis Induced by Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs investigating the preventive effect of probiotics on cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis. The analysis included 8 RCTs with 708 patients, showing that probiotics significantly reduced the incidence and severity of oral mucositis and the requirement for enteral nutrition.
Orally Administered Probiotics in the Prevention of Chemotherapy (± Radiotherapy)-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials with 697 participants assessing the effect of oral probiotics on preventing chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. Probiotics reduced the risk of severe diarrhea in some subgroups but did not show a statistically significant preventive effect overall.
A Four-Probiotics Regimen Combined with A Standard Helicobacter pylori-Eradication Treatment Reduces Side Effects and Increases Eradication Rates.
Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial assessing the addition of probiotics to a standard H. pylori eradication regimen. The probiotic group showed reduced side effects and increased eradication rates compared to placebo.
The effects of probiotic administration on patients with prediabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
Meta-analysis and systematic review examining the effects of probiotics on prediabetic patients. Probiotics significantly decreased HbA1c, QUICKI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C levels compared to placebo, indicating a positive role in regulating these factors.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on abdominal pain severity in pediatric patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 RCTs with 441 participants examining the effects of probiotic supplementation on abdominal pain in pediatric IBS patients. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced abdominal pain, with more potent effects in patients under 10 years old and with supplementation longer than four weeks.
Fish Oil And/Or Probiotics Intervention in Overweight/Obese Pregnant Women and Overweight Risk in 24-Month-Old Children.
RCT involving 439 pregnant women with overweight or obesity, randomized into four groups: fish oil+placebo, probiotics+placebo, probiotics+fish oil, and placebo+placebo. The study found that probiotics, both alone and combined with fish oil, were associated with lower odds of overweight in 24-month-old children. No significant effect was observed for fish oil alone.
The efficacy of probiotics supplementation for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies with 402 participants assessing probiotics for atopic dermatitis in adults. Probiotic supplementation reduced disease severity and improved quality of life, with a mixture of L. salivarius (LS01) and Bifidobacterium (BR03) showing the highest efficacy.
Efficacy of Probiotics in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing probiotics supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Probiotics showed a statistically significant decrease in CRP concentration in RA patients, but no significant effect on DAS28 or in SpA patients. Further RCTs are needed to determine efficacy and optimal administration.
The Effects of Oral Probiotic Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 RCTs with 281 participants assessing the effects of oral probiotic supplementation in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Probiotics showed reductions in insulin, HOMA-IR, and TNF-α, with nonsignificant improvements in body adiposity and lipid profile. Probiotics may benefit glucose metabolism and inflammatory processes.
Probiotics modulate gastrointestinal microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
This multicenter, double-blinded, randomized trial evaluated the impact of probiotics on gastrointestinal microbiota after H. pylori eradication in 276 patients. Probiotics reduced gastrointestinal adverse events and modulated gut microbiota, neutralizing the reduction of Bacteroidetes caused by eradication drugs and suppressing pathogenic genera in the mouth.
Impact of probiotic supplementation on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 RCTs with 270 participants examining the effect of probiotic supplementation on TMAO levels. The results indicate that probiotics did not have a significant effect on TMAO levels compared to the control group.
The Benefit of Probiotics in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials.
Meta-analysis of 4 RCTs with 238 pediatric patients with NAFLD, examining the efficacy of probiotics. Probiotic supplementation showed significant improvements in transaminases' levels, anthropometric characteristics, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and ultrasonographic steatosis.
The Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics for Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of probiotics in allergic rhinitis. Probiotics significantly relieved allergic rhinitis symptoms and improved quality of life, but showed no significant change in IgE levels. High heterogeneity in some results suggests caution in clinical recommendations.
Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress for Gestational Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis Study.
Meta-analysis of five RCTs assessing the effect of probiotic supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced CRP, IL-6, and MDA levels, increased NO and TAC, but had no significant impact on GSH.