Research
L-Carnitine
174 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
The Effect of the L-Carnitine Supplementation on Obesity Indices: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.
Umbrella meta-analysis of placebo-controlled and controlled trials evaluating the effect of L-carnitine on obesity indices. The analysis included 16,352 participants and found that L-carnitine supplementation significantly decreases weight, BMI, and waist circumference, suggesting its potential in managing obesity.
Safety and efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation in improving cardiac function of hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the safety and efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation in improving cardiac function in hemodialysis patients. L-carnitine significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) but showed no significant changes in left ventricular mass index (LVMI) or diastolic function markers.
The effects of L-carnitine in children with kidney failure undergoing dialysis: a systematic review.
Systematic review of 9 studies including 194 children with kidney failure undergoing dialysis, assessing the effects of L-carnitine. Findings suggest L-carnitine improves hemoglobin levels, reduces erythropoiesis-stimulating agent requirements, reduces apolipoprotein B, and improves cardiac function. Further high-quality RCTs are needed.
Effects of carnitine supplementation on glycemic markers in women with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing carnitine supplementation effects on glycemic markers in overweight or obese women. Carnitine significantly reduced fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, with stronger effects at higher doses and longer durations.
The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 21 RCTs with 2041 patients with type 2 diabetes. L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced body mass index, HbA1c, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, with a U-shaped effect for BMI and linear reductions in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose.
Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation on Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of eight RCTs involving 619 patients assessing l-carnitine's effectiveness in osteoarthritis. Findings show l-carnitine improves WOMAC function, total scores, and VAS pain scores, indicating reduced clinical signs, symptoms, and inflammatory markers in OA patients.
Multi-pharmacological treatment for young subfertile males with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
RCT evaluating the effectiveness of treatments for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in 350 patients. L-carnitine and combination therapies improved sperm motility and morphology, with significant symptom score reductions in group 7.
Association of maternal gut microbial metabolites with gestational diabetes mellitus: evidence from an original case-control study, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization.
The study investigated the association of gut microbial metabolites, including L-carnitine, with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using a case-control study, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization. L-carnitine was found to be negatively associated with GDM in the case-control study and meta-analysis, but no causal relationship was established through Mendelian randomization.
Pharmacological Treatment for Dialysis-Related Muscle Cramps: A Systematic Review.
Systematic review of pharmacological interventions for dialysis-related muscle cramps, including vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K2, vitamin B7, dextrose solutions, gabapentin, sodium chloride, creatine monohydrate, and L-carnitine. L-carnitine and creatine monohydrate studies were deemed to have a low risk of bias. Vitamins C and E showed positive results in reducing muscle cramps.
The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 48 RCTs with 3255 participants examining the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on inflammatory markers. L-carnitine significantly reduced CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, ALT, and AST levels, and increased TAC, indicating a reduction in the inflammatory state.
The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic markers in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 41 RCTs with 2900 participants examining the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic markers. L-carnitine significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and HOMA-IR, particularly in trials with higher doses and longer durations, and among overweight, obese, and diabetic participants.
The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 22 RCTs with 1412 participants on the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on blood pressure. L-carnitine did not significantly affect systolic or diastolic blood pressure overall, though a reduction in diastolic blood pressure was noted in participants with a BMI >30 kg/m².
Effectiveness of Nutritional Therapies in Male Factor Infertility Treatment: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
This systematic review and network meta-analysis included 69 studies to compare the effectiveness of nutritional therapies in male infertility treatment. L-Carnitine with micronutrients, antioxidants, and several traditional herbal supplements showed significant improvement in sperm quality and pregnancy rates. L-carnitine with micronutrient therapy and zinc were particularly effective.
Efficacy and safety of carnitine supplementation on NAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis included eight RCTs assessing L-carnitine supplementation on NAFLD. L-carnitine significantly reduced AST and ALT levels, improved HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and showed no significant adverse effects, suggesting potential benefits for liver function and triglyceride metabolism.
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glucolipid metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies on L-carnitine supplementation effects on glucolipid metabolism. Significant positive effects were found on fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and ALT levels, but not on HDL cholesterol or AST levels.
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of L-carnitine supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The analysis included nine studies with 995 participants and found that L-carnitine supplementation improved fasting plasma glucose, serum LDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels with low to moderate certainty of evidence.
The supplementation of L-carnitine in septic shock patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assessing L-carnitine supplementation in septic shock patients. The analysis included 275 patients and found low-quality evidence that L-carnitine has no significant effect on reducing 28-day mortality compared to placebo.
The effect of levocarnitine supplementation on dialysis-related hypotension: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of eight trials with 224 participants examining the effects of levocarnitine on dialysis-related hypotension in hemodialysis patients. L-carnitine reduced the incidence of dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps, with oral supplementation being more effective than intravenous. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The Effect of Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Interventions on Measures Associated with Sarcopenia in End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of interventions on sarcopenia measures in end-stage kidney disease. Intradialytic exercise increased hand grip strength and sit-to-stand scores. L-carnitine and nandrolone-decanoate significantly increased muscle quantity in the dialysis population.
Efficacy of L-Carnitine for Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Meta-analysis of 23 RCTs with 1455 DCM patients in China evaluating L-carnitine therapy. L-carnitine improved overall efficacy, left ventricular ejection fraction, and cardiac output, while reducing left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, brain natriuretic peptide, and transforming growth factor-beta levels. The study suggests potential benefits of L-carnitine for DCM, though highlights weaknesses in evidence quality.
The Effects of L-Carnitine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine, and Propionyl-L-Carnitine on Body Mass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.
Systematic review of 10 RCTs involving 1239 T2DM patients to evaluate the effects of l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and propionyl-l-carnitine on Body Mass. L-carnitine was found to reduce Body Mass in T2DM patients, while acetyl-l-carnitine and propionyl-l-carnitine showed no significant effects.
Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on renal anemia in patients on hemodialysis: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of 18 RCTs with 1090 participants on the effect of L-carnitine supplementation in treating renal anemia in hemodialysis patients. L-carnitine significantly increased plasma L-carnitine levels, improved response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and decreased required doses, but did not significantly affect hemoglobin or hematocrit levels.
The Effect of L-Carnitine on Mortality Rate in Septic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on mortality in septic patients. L-carnitine reduced one-year mortality in patients with SOFA>12 but had no significant effect on 28-day mortality. Further large prospective trials are needed.
Quantitative efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Model-based meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study found significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, providing quantitative information on the efficacy of L-carnitine.
Effects of l-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled clinical trials with dose-response analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 RCTs with 2292 participants examining the effects of l-carnitine supplementation on body weight and composition. L-carnitine significantly decreased body weight, BMI, and fat mass, with a non-linear dose-response association suggesting 2000 mg per day provides maximum effect.
Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Liver Enzymes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 RCTs with 1025 participants evaluating the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on liver enzymes. L-carnitine significantly decreased ALT, AST, and GGT levels, indicating beneficial hepato-protective effects. The effect was not significant in normal weight and healthy subjects.
The efficacy of L-carnitine in improving malnutrition in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy of L-carnitine in improving malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients. The analysis included 27 studies and found that L-carnitine significantly improved malnutrition biomarkers such as albumin, total protein, transferrin, and prealbumin levels.
L-Carnitine's Effect on the Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessed L-carnitine supplements' influence on metabolic syndrome biomarkers. L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced waist circumference and systolic blood pressure, with varied effects on fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol depending on dosage.
Effect of L-carnitine on liver enzymes and biochemical factors in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials with 779 patients investigating the effect of L-carnitine on biochemical factors in hepatic encephalopathy. L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced blood levels of ammonia, bilirubin, AST, BUN, and Cr, and increased circulating levels of albumin in HE patients.
The efficacy of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl carnitine in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of seven RCTs involving 693 men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. The combination of l-carnitine and l-acetyl carnitine significantly increased forward sperm motility, total motile spermatozoa, forward motile spermatozoa, and the number of pregnancies.
Pharmacologic interventions for fatigue in cancer and transplantation: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of 117 trials with 19,819 patients assessing pharmacologic interventions for fatigue in cancer and hsct patients. Erythropoietin and methylphenidate significantly reduced fatigue severity, while modafinil and corticosteroids were not effective. L-carnitine was one of the substances studied.
The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on serum leptin concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on serum leptin concentrations. L-carnitine did not significantly reduce serum leptin overall, but significant reductions were observed in diabetic patients and with doses ≥2 mg/day for <12 weeks.
Efficacy and Safety of L-Carnitine Treatment for Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Meta-analysis of 17 RCTs with 1625 CHF patients evaluating L-carnitine treatment. L-carnitine improved overall efficacy, left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, and decreased serum levels of BNP and NT-proBNP. No significant differences in all-cause mortality, 6-minute walk, and adverse events were found.
The effect of (L-)carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine RCTs examining the effect of carnitine on weight loss in adults. Results showed that carnitine supplementation led to significant weight loss and decrease in BMI compared to control. The magnitude of weight loss decreased over time.
Effective dosing of L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of five controlled trials with 3108 participants evaluating the effects of various oral maintenance dosages of L-carnitine on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidities in acute myocardial infarction. No significant differences were found between dosages, with no marginal benefit for doses greater or less than 3 g per day.
Influence of L-carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profile in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies with 391 hemodialysis patients assessing the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile. L-carnitine significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol but showed no effect on total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and serum triglycerides.
L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 controlled trials with 3629 participants evaluating L-carnitine's effects on morbidity and mortality in acute myocardial infarction. L-carnitine was associated with a 27% reduction in all-cause mortality, a 65% reduction in ventricular arrhythmias, and a 40% reduction in angina symptoms compared to placebo or control.
L-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 49 RCTs with 1734 participants evaluated the effects of l-carnitine in adults with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. L-carnitine significantly decreased serum LDL and C-reactive protein (CRP), though the decrease in LDL was not clinically relevant. The decrease in CRP was statistically and clinically relevant, but its impact on hard endpoints remains unclear.
L-carnitine for acute valproic acid overdose: a systematic review of published cases.
Systematic review of published cases evaluating the use of l-carnitine for managing acute valproic acid overdose. Reviewed 7 articles discussing 8 patients and safety data from 674 patients. All patients recovered clinically with no adverse effects noted. Evidence supports considering l-carnitine for patients with acute valproic acid overdose.
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review.
Systematic review of 83 trials on L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis patients. L-carnitine showed no effect on triglycerides or cholesterol but was associated with improved hemoglobin and decreased erythropoietin dose before the EPO era. Muscle function, exercise capacity, and quality of life could not be reliably assessed.
Involvement of impaired carnitine-induced fatty acid oxidation in experimental and human diabetic kidney disease.
The study investigates the role of carnitine in fatty acid oxidation and its impact on diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It shows that l-carnitine supplementation ameliorates lipid accumulation, kidney dysfunction, and tubular injury in animal models and preserves renal function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
L-Carnitine to Reduce Chemoradiotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Study.
RCT evaluating L-carnitine in reducing chemoradiotherapy-induced toxicities in head and neck cancer patients. The study found a significant decrease in severity and delay in onset of dermatitis, mucositis, laryngeal reactions, and dysphagia in the L-carnitine group. No benefit was observed in xerostomia. L-carnitine improved fatigue scores and reduced weight loss and hospital admissions compared to the control group.
Antioxidant treatment for oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and varicocele: a DBPC trial to evaluate the impact of age and body mass index.
This double-blind randomized study evaluated the effect of supplementation with L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, vitamins, and other nutrients on semen quality in 104 infertile patients with or without varicocele. The supplemented group showed significant increases in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and sperm motility compared to the placebo group. The treatment was more effective in patients up to 35 years of age, while a BMI above 25 kg/m² negatively affected sperm concentration.
Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on the Rate of Weight Gain and Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on weight gain and biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction in children with severe acute malnutrition. The study found no significant difference in the rate of weight gain or EED biomarkers between the L-carnitine and placebo groups.
Effects of L-Carnitine and Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial.
RCT of 50 men with benign prostatic hyperplasia comparing finasteride with L-carnitine and Coenzyme Q10 supplementation to finasteride with placebo. Supplementation led to a significant decrease in prostate volume and increase in erectile function, but no significant differences in urinary symptoms, quality of life, or PSA levels.
Comparing the effectiveness of L-carnitine and paraffin oil in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning using predictive biomarkers and scores: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
RCT comparing the effectiveness of L-carnitine and paraffin oil in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning. The study found that both intervention groups showed improved clinical and biochemical data, required less mechanical ventilation, and had a lower mortality rate compared to the control group.
Efficacy of anti-sebum moisturizing cream containing 2% l-carnitine and 5% epigallocatechin gallate in seborrhea: A randomized clinical trial.
RCT comparing the efficacy of a moisturizing cream containing 2% l-carnitine, 5% EGCG, or a combination of both on sebum control in 90 subjects with seborrhea. All treatment groups showed significant sebum reduction and improved skin hydration, with the combination and EGCG groups showing greater anti-sebum effects than the l-carnitine group.
l-carnitine adjunct to risperidone for treatment of autism spectrum disorder-associated behaviors: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
RCT evaluating l-carnitine as an adjuvant to risperidone in 68 children with ASD. The combination of l-carnitine and risperidone resulted in greater reductions in irritability and hyperactivity compared to risperidone and placebo. Changes in other behavioral subscales were similar between groups.
Effect of Adding l -Carnitine to Risperidone on Behavioral, Cognitive, Social, and Physical Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Autism: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
RCT evaluating the effect of adding l-carnitine to risperidone in 50 children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. L-carnitine add-on therapy reduced scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, improving symptoms such as restlessness, lethargy, social isolation, stereotypic behavior, and inappropriate speech.
The efficacy of L-carnitine in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and concomitant obesity
RCT assessing the efficacy of L-carnitine in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and obesity. L-carnitine normalized blood lipid profiles and improved carbohydrate metabolism, reducing clinical and biochemical symptoms of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Plasma l-carnitine and risks of cardiovascular events and recurrent stroke after ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study.
Nested case-control study exploring the relationship between plasma l-carnitine levels and cardiovascular events and recurrent stroke after ischemic stroke. Higher l-carnitine levels were associated with lower risks of cardiovascular events and recurrent stroke, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker.
Effect of L-carnitine on quality of life in covert hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
RCT of 150 patients with covert hepatic encephalopathy comparing L-carnitine (2 g/day) to placebo for 24 weeks. L-carnitine improved SF-36 and PHES scores but did not significantly differ from placebo in quality of life or liver function improvements.
Comparison of L-Carnitine vs. Coq10 and Vitamin E for idiopathic male infertility: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT comparing L-carnitine to CoQ10 and Vitamin E in 143 patients with idiopathic male infertility. L-carnitine significantly improved sperm count, motility, morphology, testosterone, and LH levels compared to the control group. CoQ10 and Vitamin E improved sperm motility, morphology, and testosterone levels, but L-carnitine was superior in improving sperm parameters.
The effects of l-Carnitine supplementation on inflammatory markers, clinical status, and 28 days mortality in critically ill patients: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of l-Carnitine supplementation on inflammatory markers, clinical status, and mortality in critically ill patients. l-Carnitine significantly reduced CRP and IL-6 levels, as well as SOFA and APACHE scores, indicating beneficial effects on inflammation and clinical outcomes.
The microbial gbu gene cluster links cardiovascular disease risk associated with red meat consumption to microbiota L-carnitine catabolism
The study links cardiovascular disease risk associated with red meat consumption to gut microbiota-dependent generation of TMAO from L-carnitine. Plasma γBB levels were associated with CVD event risks in a cohort of 2,918 individuals. The gbu gene cluster in Emergencia timonensis was identified as critical for converting γBB to TMA, contributing to CVD risk.
Comparative study of the efficacy of captopril, simvastatin, and L-carnitine as cardioprotective drugs in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial
RCT comparing the efficacy of captopril, simvastatin, and L-carnitine as cardioprotective drugs in 100 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. L-carnitine and simvastatin significantly improved lipid profiles and echocardiographic parameters, while all three treatments improved serum troponin I levels. Carotid intima–media thickness showed no significant change.
The effect of adding L-Carnitine to the GnRH-antagonist protocol on assisted reproductive technology outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
This randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of adding L-Carnitine to gonadotropins on ART outcomes in PCOS women. The study found that while serum estradiol levels were higher in the L-Carnitine group, there were no significant improvements in oocyte maturity, fertilization, implantation, or pregnancy rates compared to the control group.
The effect of L-Carnitine supplementation on clinical symptoms, C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde in obese women with knee osteoarthritis: a double blind randomized controlled trial.
Double-blind RCT of 76 obese women with knee osteoarthritis comparing L-carnitine supplementation to placebo over 12 weeks. L-carnitine improved BMI but had no significant effect on other anthropometric measures, clinical symptoms, CRP, MDA, and lipid profile.
The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.
This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial investigated the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, SHBG, and lipid profile in 62 overweight/obese women with PCOS. L-carnitine significantly improved insulin resistance but had no significant effect on SHBG and lipid profile.
Effects of Reducing L-Carnitine Supplementation on Carnitine Kinetics and Cardiac Function in Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.
This multicenter, single-blind, placebo-controlled RCT studied the effects of reducing L-carnitine supplementation on carnitine kinetics and cardiac function in 59 hemodialysis patients. Reducing L-carnitine administration decreased plasma and RBC carnitine levels, and full termination increased plasma BNP levels, but did not influence cardiac function.
Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial assessing the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on NAFLD in children and adolescents. No significant differences were found in liver enzymes or sonographic grades of fatty liver between the l-carnitine and placebo groups.
Dietary supplementation with a novel l-carnitine multi-micronutrient in idiopathic male subfertility involving oligo-, astheno-, teratozoospermia: A randomized clinical study.
RCT of 83 males with idiopathic male infertility testing a multi-nutrient supplement containing l-carnitine and other micronutrients. The supplement improved sperm quality and increased pregnancy rates compared to placebo.
L-Carnitine supplementation reduces biomarkers of inflammatory and oxidative stress in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial.
A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial on 75 CAD patients evaluated the effects of l-carnitine supplementation (1000 mg/day) over 3 months. The study found a significant increase in serum total antioxidant capacity and a decrease in myeloperoxidase, nitrotyrosine, and hs-CRP levels, suggesting beneficial effects on cardiovascular health by reducing oxidative and inflammatory markers.
Preventive Effect of L-Carnitine on Scar Formation During Acute Pyelonephritis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
A randomized double-blind clinical trial on 65 children evaluated the preventive effect of L-carnitine on renal scarring in acute pyelonephritis. The study found that L-carnitine significantly decreased renal scarring compared to the control group after 6 months.
A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Moisturizer Containing Licochalcone A, Decanediol, L-Carnitine, and Salicylic Acid for Prevention of Acne Relapse in Asian Population
A double-blinded, randomized, vehicle-controlled study evaluated the efficacy of a moisturizer containing licochalcone A, 1,2-decanediol, L-carnitine, and salicylic acid during the maintenance phase of mild to moderate acne in Thai patients. The treatment group showed a significant reduction in acne lesions compared to the vehicle group at week 12.
A Pilot Study on the Effects of l-Carnitine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women.
This pilot study assessed the effects of 6 months of l-carnitine supplementation on platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in aged women. l-carnitine supplementation increased TMAO levels, which were associated with higher LDL-c and total cholesterol levels. It also increased D-loop methylation in platelets, which inversely correlated with cholesterol levels, suggesting a complex relationship between l-carnitine, TMAO, and atherosclerosis.
The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
This meta-analysis of 67 RCTs evaluated the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on serum lipids. L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels, and increased HDL-cholesterol levels, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels.
Efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation for management of blood lipids: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 55 RCTs assessing the efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles. L-carnitine significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, and increased HDL-C, with effects modulated by dosage and participant health.
The effect of l-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile and glycaemic control in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.
This meta-analysis assessed the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile and glycaemic control in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. The results showed significant improvements in total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, Lp(a), fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR, but no effect on triglycerides, Apo A-I, and Apo B 100. L-carnitine supplementation, particularly in doses over 1500 mg/day, improved lipid profiles and glycaemic control.
The effects of supplementation with L-carnitine on apolipoproteins: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 RCTs on the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on apolipoproteins B100 and AI. The analysis found that L-carnitine supplementation has a non-significant effect on both Apo B100 and Apo AI concentrations.
L-carnitine treatment of insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of L-carnitine on insulin resistance using HOMA-IR. The analysis included 5 studies and found L-carnitine to be useful in treating insulin resistance, with effectiveness increasing over time.
Impact of L-carnitine on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the impact of L-carnitine on plasma Lp(a) concentrations. The meta-analysis showed a significant reduction of Lp(a) levels following L-carnitine supplementation, particularly with oral administration.
Effect of L-carnitine therapy on patients in maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of L-carnitine on hemodialysis patients. The analysis found no evidence that L-carnitine improves inflammation, oxidative stress, nutrition, anemia, dyslipidemia, hyperparathyroidism status, or quality of life in these patients.
Orlistat and L-carnitine compared to orlistat alone on insulin resistance in obese diabetic patients.
RCT comparing orlistat plus L-carnitine to orlistat alone in 258 obese diabetic patients over one year. The combination showed faster and better improvements in body weight, glycemic and lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and inflammatory parameters compared to orlistat alone.
Effects of L-carnitine on dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of 7 RCTs with 193 patients on long-term hemodialysis examining L-carnitine supplementation for dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps. The pooled odds ratio for cramping was 0.30, suggesting a potential benefit, but evidence was not conclusive. The pooled odds ratio for hypotension was 0.28, with no significant effect. Further large trials are needed.
[L-carnitine combined with coenzyme Q10 for idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia: A double-blind randomized controlled trial].
Double-blind RCT evaluating L-carnitine combined with coenzyme Q10 on idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia in 262 infertile men. The combination group showed significantly higher sperm motility, percentage of progressively motile sperm, and clinical pregnancy rate compared to other groups.
Modulatory Effects of Multi-species/Multi-strain Synbiotic and L-carnitine Concomitant Supplementation on Atherogenic-Indices, Body Composition, Visceral Obesity, and Appetite in Metabolically Healthy Women with Obesity: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Double-blind RCT comparing L-carnitine + synbiotic co-supplementation to L-carnitine mono-therapy in 46 metabolically healthy women with obesity over 8 weeks. Co-supplementation led to greater reductions in atherogenic indices, body composition, visceral obesity, and appetite sensation scores.
L-carnitine as a novel approach for pain and inflammation relief in rheumatoid arthritis.
RCT of 46 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis comparing DMARDs alone to DMARDs plus L-carnitine 500 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. The L-carnitine group showed significant improvement in morning stiffness, pain intensity, tender joint count, C-reactive protein, and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints compared to baseline.
Plasma and Urinary TMAO and Methylamine Responses to Meat and Egg Ingestion: Links to Gut Microbiota Composition in Subjects With and Without Metabolic Syndrome.
Randomized crossover trial comparing TMAO responses to meat and egg ingestion in 12 subjects with metabolic syndrome and 21 without. MetS subjects showed a non-significant trend towards higher plasma and urinary TMAO, TMA, choline, and carnitine levels, with reduced gut microbial diversity. No significant increase in plasma methylamines was observed, but differences in microbiota composition were noted.
Impact of L-carnitine supplementation on gastric emptying and bowel function in pediatric ketogenic diet therapy: a clinical trial.
Clinical trial studying the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on gastric emptying and bowel function in children with drug-resistant epilepsy on a ketogenic diet. L-carnitine supplementation improved gastric motility and increased the frequency of defecation compared to the non-supplemented group.
Ameliorating effects of L-carnitine and synbiotic co-supplementation on anthropometric measures and cardiometabolic traits in women with obesity: a randomized controlled clinical trial
This randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of L-carnitine and synbiotic co-supplementation versus L-carnitine monotherapy on anthropometric and cardiometabolic indicators in 46 women with obesity. The co-supplementation group showed greater improvements in body mass index, body weight, and insulin sensitivity compared to the monotherapy group, suggesting a synergistic effect.
L-Carnitine and synbiotic co-supplementation: beneficial effects on metabolic-endotoxemia, meta-inflammation, and oxidative-stress biomarkers in obese patients: a double blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
This double-blind, randomized controlled trial studied the effects of co-supplementing L-carnitine and multi-species/multi-strain synbiotic versus L-carnitine mono-therapy in 46 female obese patients over eight weeks. Co-supplementation significantly decreased inflammatory markers and oxidative stress biomarkers, suggesting potential benefits in managing inflammation and metabolic-endotoxemia in obesity.
l-carnitine downregulate the muscle wasting effect of glucocorticoids in pemphigus patient: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.
This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial investigated the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism in 44 pemphigus patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy. L-carnitine intake led to significant changes in serum IGF-1 and myostatin levels, suggesting improved muscle metabolism and regeneration.
Hepatoprotective effect of combination of L-carnitine and magnesium-hydroxide in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a double-blinded randomized controlled pilot study.
Double-blinded RCT with 22 NAFLD patients assessing the efficacy of L-carnitine and magnesium supplementation. The treatment group showed a decrease in AST and ALT levels over 16 weeks, suggesting potential benefits for NAFLD, though CRP, insulin levels, lipid profile, and liver stiffness were unaffected.
Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile and apolipoproteins in children on hemodialysis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.
RCT of 24 children on hemodialysis evaluating the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles and apolipoproteins. L-carnitine significantly reduced serum LDL-C and TC levels and increased serum free carnitine compared to placebo, suggesting positive effects on hyperlipidemia.
l‐carnitine supplementation vs cycle ergometer exercise for physical activity and muscle status in hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial
RCT comparing l-carnitine supplementation to cycle ergometer exercise in 20 hemodialysis patients over 3 months. L-carnitine significantly increased muscle mass, decreased fat mass, and improved physical performance metrics compared to exercise.
L-carnitine infusion does not alleviate lipid-induced insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility.
Randomized crossover trial with eight healthy volunteers undergoing hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with saline, lipid, or lipid combined with L-carnitine infusion. L-carnitine infusion elevated plasma free carnitine availability but did not alleviate lipid-induced insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility.
Double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial on the effect of L‐carnitine and L‐acetylcarnitine on sperm parameters in men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia
This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of L-carnitine and L-acetylcarnitine on sperm parameters in 175 men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia. After 6 months, significant improvements were observed in sperm volume, progressive motility, vitality, and DNA fragmentation index compared to baseline.
The effect of l-carnitine supplementation on serum levels of omentin-1, visfatin and SFRP5 and glycemic indices in patients with pemphigus vulgaris: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigated the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on serum levels of SFRP5, omentin, visfatin, and glycemic indices in 52 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. L-carnitine significantly decreased visfatin levels and increased SFRP5 and omentin levels, but had no significant effects on glycemic indices.
Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 RCTs evaluating l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese adults. Results showed significant decreases in weight, BMI, and fat mass, but no change in body fat percentage or waist circumference. Positive effects were observed primarily in overweight and obese subjects.
Effect of metabolic and antioxidant supplementation on sperm parameters in oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia, with and without varicocele: A double-blind placebo-controlled study.
This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effect of 6 months of supplementation with l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and other micronutrients on sperm quality in 104 subjects with oligo-, astheno-, and/or teratozoospermia, with or without varicocele. Sperm concentration, total sperm count, and motility were significantly increased in the supplemented group compared to placebo. The study suggests supplementation could improve fertility.
Effects of L-Carnitine on Mineral Metabolism in the Multicentre, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled CARNIDIAL Trial.
The CARNIDIAL trial was a randomized, double-blinded study involving 92 haemodialysis subjects over one year, testing L-carnitine supplementation on mineral metabolism. L-carnitine increased calcium and phosphate plasma concentrations but had no effect on parathyroid hormone or FGF23 levels.
Efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation for improving lean body mass and physical function in patients on hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 91 hemodialysis patients with carnitine deficiency, comparing L-carnitine injections to no treatment over 12 months. L-carnitine maintained lean body mass and physical function, while the control group showed significant decreases.
l-Carnitine Supplementation in Older Women. A Pilot Study on Aging Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function
This study evaluated the effect of 24-week l-carnitine supplementation on serum inflammatory markers, IGF-1, body composition, and skeletal muscle strength in women aged 65-70. Supplementation increased free plasma carnitine concentration but did not affect muscle strength or circulating markers.
[Using L- and acetyl-L-carnintines in combination with clomiphene citrate and antioxidant complex for treating idiopathic male infertility: a prospective randomized trial].
Prospective randomized trial of 173 men with idiopathic male infertility, comparing L- and acetyl-L-carnitine with clomiphene citrate and an antioxidant complex to clomiphene citrate and antioxidants alone. The combination provided additional positive effects on sperm concentration but did not improve morphology, motility, or pregnancy rates.
Evaluation of L-Carnitine Efficacy in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Double Blind Pilot Study
Randomized double-blind pilot study evaluating L-Carnitine efficacy in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among 60 diabetic patients. L-Carnitine group showed a decrease in AST levels, suggesting potential therapeutic effects, though sonographic degree of fatty liver did not change.
Efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on frailty status and its biomarkers, nutritional status, and physical and cognitive function among prefrail older adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial studied the effect of 10-week L-carnitine supplementation (1.5 g/day) on frailty status, physical function, cognition, and nutritional status among 50 prefrail older adults. L-carnitine supplementation significantly improved Frailty Index scores and hand grip test results, with some subjects transitioning from prefrail to robust status.
L-Carnitine supplementation improved clinical status without changing oxidative stress and lipid profile in women with knee osteoarthritis.
RCT of 72 overweight or obese women with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis, comparing 750 mg/d l-carnitine to placebo for 8 weeks. L-carnitine improved clinical status and reduced pain intensity, but did not significantly change oxidative stress or lipid profile compared to placebo.
Safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate and L-carnitine in idiopathic male infertility: a comparative study.
RCT comparing the effects of L-carnitine and clomiphene citrate in 52 men with idiopathic infertility. L-carnitine significantly increased semen volume, while clomiphene citrate improved motility percentage and normal morphology. Both treatments influenced sperm count and motility.
L-carnitine supplementation to diet: a new tool in treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis--a randomized and controlled clinical trial.
RCT evaluating the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on NASH patients over 24 weeks. L-carnitine-treated patients showed significant improvements in liver enzymes, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammatory markers, and histological scores.