Research
Fish Oil
206 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Marine n-3 fatty acid treatment for carotid plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes.
This 14-month double-blind RCT assessed the effect of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on carotid plaques in 415 patients with type 2 diabetes. Fish oil supplementation did not significantly reduce carotid plaque prevalence but improved lipoprotein profiles. The anti-atherosclerotic effect was significant in patients with low genetic risk for remnant cholesterol.
Effects of fish oil supplementation on biomarkers of vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 240 middle-aged and elderly adults evaluating fish oil supplementation for cardiovascular prevention. Fish oil significantly reduced endothelial inflammatory markers (ICAM-1, MCP-1) with optimal effects at low doses, but no significant effects on vasodilatory or oxidative lipid markers.
Effects of fish oil intervention on type 2 diabetes early risk novel biomarkers in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
A 12-week double-blind randomized controlled trial with 201 healthy middle-aged and elderly participants examined the effects of fish oil supplementation on type 2 diabetes early risk biomarkers. The study found that fish oil dose-dependently increased serum EPA and DHA, decreased fasting insulin and HOMA-IR index, and showed a downward trend in fasting blood glucose and other lipid-related indices, suggesting improved insulin sensitivity and homeostasis.
Parenteral Nutrition Containing Fish Oil for Hospitalized Non-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 29 RCTs comparing parenteral nutrition containing fish oil (FO-PN) to standard PN without fish oil (NF-PN) in hospitalized non-ICU patients. FO-PN was associated with a 37% lower risk of infection, shorter hospital stays, and reduced risk of sepsis, with better clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness across various healthcare systems.
The effect of Omega-3 supplementation and fish oil on preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 articles with 8004 subjects in the intervention group and 8233 in the control group. The study found that omega-3 supplementation and fish oil significantly reduce the risk of developing preeclampsia.
Protection against Incidences of Serious Cardiovascular Events Study with daily fish oil supplementation in dialysis patients (PISCES): protocol for a randomised controlled trial
This multicentre randomised, placebo-controlled trial tests the hypothesis that oral supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces the rate of serious cardiovascular events in haemodialysis patients. The study aims to recruit 1100 KFRT patients from 26 dialysis units in Canada and Australia, with an intervention period of at least 3.5 years.
Prenatal Fish Oil Supplementation, Maternal COX1 Genotype, and Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
This secondary analysis of an RCT explored the association of prenatal fish oil supplementation with the risk of childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) and its interaction with maternal COX1 genotype. While overall supplementation did not affect AD risk, it reduced risk in children of mothers with the TT genotype and increased risk in those with the CC genotype.
Impact of omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia, lipidomics, and gut microbiome in patients with type 2 diabetes.
A 12-week RCT in 309 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia compared fish oil (FO) to corn oil. The FO group showed significantly better triglyceride reduction and altered serum lipid profiles. FO had minor effects on gut microbiota, with baseline microbial features predicting triglyceride response.
Atopic and non-atopic effects of fish oil supplementation during pregnancy
Double-blinded RCT of 736 pregnant women receiving fish oil supplementation in the third trimester. Fish oil reduced the risk of non-atopic asthma by 73% and infections by 16% in children. Protective effects on atopic asthma were influenced by maternal FADS genotype and n-3 LCPUFA levels.
The impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on serum fatty acids and the interaction with low-grade inflammation in pregnant women with overweight and obesity: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
Secondary analysis of an RCT investigating the impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on serum fatty acids and their interaction with low-grade inflammation in pregnant women with overweight/obesity. Fish oil and fish oil + probiotics increased serum-3 LC-PUFA levels, which were inversely related to inflammatory markers but linked to an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Effects of Fish-Oil Consumption on Psychological Function Outcomes in Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 RCTs involving 1390 patients with psychosis, examining the effects of oral fish-oil supplementation on psychological functioning. No significant changes were found in PANSS and BPRS scores, but significant improvements were observed in GAF scores.
Furan fatty acid metabolite in newborns predicts risk of asthma.
The study used the Danish COPSACmother-child cohort to investigate the effect of fish-oil supplementation during pregnancy on newborn metabolomics profiles. It found that the fish-oil metabolomics profile and the biomarker CMPF were associated with a decreased risk of asthma by age 6 years. The findings were replicated in an independent cohort, suggesting CMPF levels could aid in newborn screening for childhood asthma.
Effects of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in adult sepsis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 trials evaluating fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in adult sepsis patients. Fish oil reduced mortality, ICU stay, hospital stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation. Parenteral administration was more effective in reducing mortality than enteral administration.
Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
RCT of 18,353 adults testing omega-3 supplementation on depression risk and mood scores. Omega-3 supplements showed a small but statistically significant increase in depression risk compared to placebo, with no significant difference in mood scores over 5.3 years.
Fish Oil Supplementation in Pregnancy and Neurodevelopment in Childhood-A Randomized Clinical Trial.
A double-blind randomized controlled trial of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during the third trimester of pregnancy was conducted with 736 women and their children. Maternal supplementation improved early language development, reduced emotional and behavioral problems, and in boys, was associated with earlier achievement of gross motor milestones and improved cognitive development.
The efficacy of fish oil in preventing coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 RCTs evaluating fish oil for protection against coronary heart disease (CHD). Fish oil may confer significant protection against CHD with an odds ratio of 0.84, but no significant difference in secondary outcomes like angina, sepsis, and death. The study highlights the suboptimal quality of included studies.
Clinical effectiveness of fish oil on arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This meta-analysis summarized 14 RCTs to determine the effect of fish oil on arterial stiffness in adults. The pooled data showed that fish oil significantly reduced pulse wave velocity (PWV) levels, indicating a beneficial effect on arterial stiffness. The effect was more pronounced in trials with low dosages, short duration, low DHA to EPA ratio, and among younger participants.
Effect of Fish Oil on Insulin Sensitivity in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 RCTs with 1,132 participants evaluating fish oil's effect on insulin sensitivity in children. Fish oil intervention showed beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, especially with short-term, low-dose, high EPA:DHA ratio interventions.
Efficacy of fish oil and its components in the management of psoriasis: a systematic review of 18 randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of 18 RCTs involving 927 participants evaluating fish oil and omega-3 PUFAs in psoriasis treatment. Monotherapy showed no effect on PASI score, lesion area, or pruritus, but combined with conventional treatments, it decreased PASI score and lesion area. Fish oil also reduced risk factors for obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases in psoriasis patients.
Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women Referred to Kosar Hospital
Clinical trial on 339 pregnant women evaluating fish oil supplementation effects on pregnancy outcomes. Fish oil increased gestational age but did not significantly affect preterm birth, preeclampsia, eclampsia, IUGR, or GDM rates.
A Randomized Trial of Parenteral Nutrition Using a Mixed Lipid Emulsion Containing Fish Oil in Infants of Extremely Low Birth Weight: Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 12 and 24 Months Corrected Age, A Secondary Outcome Analysis.
Secondary outcome analysis of a double-blind randomized trial with 230 extremely low birth weight infants comparing parenteral nutrition using a mixed lipid emulsion containing fish oil to a soybean oil-based emulsion. No significant differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed at 12 and 24 months corrected age.
Examining the Effect of Fish Oil Supplementation in Chinese Pregnant Women on Gestation Duration and Risk of Preterm Delivery.
RCT examining the effect of fish oil supplementation on gestation duration and risk of preterm delivery in Chinese pregnant women. The study found no significant differences in hazard rates for preterm delivery or mean gestation durations between the fish oil and control groups. The trial could not substantiate that fish oil prevents preterm birth, possibly due to low statistical power.
Effects of fish oil supplement on psoriasis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of 13 RCTs with 625 participants on the effects of fish oil supplement in treating psoriasis. Fish oil supplement did not significantly reduce psoriasis severity as measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score.
Current evidence on ω-3 fatty acids in enteral nutrition in the critically ill: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 trials with 3574 critically ill patients assessing fish oil-enriched enteral nutrition. No significant effects on 28-day, ICU, or hospital mortality were found overall, but ICU length of stay and ventilation duration were reduced. Subgroup analysis showed mortality benefit in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, though based on low-quality studies.
Fish Oil and Perioperative Bleeding.
Multinational, placebo-controlled trial of 1516 patients testing fish oil supplementation on perioperative bleeding. Fish oil did not increase bleeding risk and reduced the number of blood transfusions. Higher omega-3 levels were associated with lower bleeding risk, suggesting reconsideration of recommendations to stop fish oil before surgery.
Fish oil supplementation and insulin sensitivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of fish oil supplementation on insulin sensitivity. It included 17 studies with 672 participants. The pooled analysis found no overall effect of fish oil on insulin sensitivity compared to placebo, but subgroup analysis showed benefits for individuals with metabolic disorders.
Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients.
Meta-analysis of 15 studies with 733 kidney transplant recipients on calcineurin inhibitor-based immunosuppressive therapy. Fish oil did not significantly affect patient or graft survival, acute rejection rates, or calcineurin inhibitor toxicity compared to placebo. Fish oil was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure and modest increases in HDL cholesterol, but these effects were not sufficient to recommend routine use.
Effect of fish oil supplement in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 RCTs involving 916 subjects assessed the efficacy of fish oil in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Fish oil significantly reduced arteriovenous graft events, cardiovascular events, and depression symptoms, and improved secondary hyperparathyroidism, micro-inflammation, and hypertriglyceridemia. No significant effects were found on nutritional status and renal anemia.
Parenteral fish oil-containing lipid emulsions may reverse parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of fish oil-containing lipid emulsions on parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) in neonates. Fish oil emulsions were effective in reversing PNAC but not in preventing its development compared to soybean or olive oil-based emulsions.
A systematic review of fish-oil supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 studies with 1524 participants evaluating fish-oil supplements for blood pressure management. Significant reduction in systolic and diastolic BP was found in hypertensive participants, but not in normotensive participants. No significant relationship between fish oil dose and BP effect was observed.
Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 105 RCTs with 6805 participants assessing lifestyle interventions for hypertension. Fish oil supplements showed a mean reduction in systolic blood pressure of 2.3 mmHg, while no robust evidence was found for potassium, magnesium, or calcium supplements.
Fish oil in various doses or flax oil in pregnancy and timing of spontaneous delivery: a randomised controlled trial.
RCT in the Danish National Birth Cohort testing fish oil and flax oil supplementation on timing of spontaneous delivery in pregnant women. No significant differences in timing of spontaneous delivery were detected between the intervention and control groups.
Effects of fish oil supplementation on kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 RCTs with 812 kidney transplant patients assessing fish oil supplementation. No consistent benefits were observed for any outcome except a modest benefit on triglycerides. No significant benefit was found for rejection episodes or graft survival.
Randomised clinical trials of fish oil supplementation in high risk pregnancies. Fish Oil Trials In Pregnancy (FOTIP) Team.
Six multicentre RCTs tested fish oil supplementation in high-risk pregnancies to prevent pre-term delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, and pregnancy induced hypertension. Fish oil reduced recurrence risk of pre-term delivery but had no effect on other outcomes or in twin pregnancies. Fish oil delayed spontaneous delivery.
Effect of compound fish oil capsules on microvascular function in hypertensive individuals: a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial.
Triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial with 64 hypertensive patients comparing compound fish oil capsules to corn oil. Fish oil improved end-diastolic and peak diastolic velocities in the left anterior descending artery, indicating potential heart health benefits.
Comparative Bioavailability of DHA and EPA from Microalgal and Fish Oil in Adults.
RCT comparing the bioavailability of DHA and EPA from microalgal oil versus fish oil in 74 adults over 6 and 14 weeks. The study found that microalgal oil is a reliable and bioavailable source of DHA and EPA, with plasma phospholipid levels statistically non-inferior to those from fish oil.
Fish oil supplementation protects skin from yellowness induced by fine particulate matter through anti-inflammatory mechanism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 65 healthy college students found that fish oil supplementation may alleviate skin yellowness induced by PM2.5 exposure through an anti-inflammatory mechanism.
The Effect of a Fish Oil and/or Probiotic Intervention from Early Pregnancy Onwards on Colostrum Immune Mediators: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial in Overweight/Obese Mothers.
RCT evaluating fish oil and/or probiotics supplementation from early pregnancy on colostrum immune mediators in overweight/obese mothers. The fish oil+probiotics group showed higher concentrations of certain immune mediators compared to other groups, though some differences were not statistically significant after correction.
Equal bioavailability of omega-3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil and krill oil: A 12-week randomized parallel study.
A 12-week randomized parallel study comparing the bioavailability of omega-3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil, and krill oil in 62 healthy volunteers. The study found that Calanus oil can increase the omega-3 index comparable to fish oil and krill oil, suggesting it as a sustainable alternative marine source of bioavailable omega-3 PUFA.
Effects of Varied Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Postpartum Mental Health and the Association between Prenatal Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Postpartum Mental Health.
RCT investigating the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation from perilla oil and fish oil on postpartum mental health in Japanese primiparas. The perilla oil group showed a significantly lower proportion of high EPDS scores compared to historical controls, suggesting potential benefits of alpha-linolenic acid on postpartum mental health.
A secondary Outcome Analysis of a Randomized Trial Using a Mixed Lipid Emulsion Containing Fish Oil in Infants with Extremely Low Birth Weight: Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome at Preschool Age.
Retrospective secondary outcome analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing a mixed lipid emulsion containing fish oil to a soybean oil-based emulsion in infants with extremely low birth weight. No significant differences were found in cognitive and behavioral outcomes at preschool age.
Potential pathobionts in vaginal microbiota are affected by fish oil and/or probiotics intervention in overweight and obese pregnant women.
RCT investigating the impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on vaginal microbiota in overweight/obese pregnant women. The intervention reduced the abundance of potential pathobionts and showed beneficial effects on vaginal microbiota, with probiotics having a notable impact.
Elevated serum phosphatidylcholine (16:1/22:6) levels promoted by fish oil and vitamin Dare highly correlated with biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese subjects.
RCT investigating the effects of fish oil and fish oil plus vitamin D on serum lipid metabolites in 74 Chinese NAFLD subjects. Serum phosphatidylcholine (16:1/22:6) levels were negatively correlated with ALT, TAG, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and positively correlated with HDL-C, suggesting potential benefits for lipid metabolism and inflammation.
Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT conducted among 70 healthy college students in Shanghai to explore the molecular mechanisms of fish-oil supplementation against PM-induced health effects. Fish-oil supplementation was found to mitigate PM-induced inflammatory responses by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
Could early infusion of fish-oil-based lipid emulsion affect the need for intensive care in moderately diseased COVID-19 patients? A randomized clinical trial
RCT of 60 moderate COVID-19 patients comparing fish-oil-based lipid emulsion (FOBLE) supplementation to placebo. FOBLE reduced the number of patients shifted to ICU and improved inflammatory markers, specifically the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio on the 7th day.
Dietary fish oil increases catalase activity in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease.
RCT assessing the effect of fish oil supplementation on oxidative stress markers in Alzheimer's disease patients. Fish oil significantly decreased protein and lipid oxidation and increased catalase activity over 12 months, suggesting an antioxidant effect.
Nutritional Status Predicts Fatty Acid Uptake from Fish and Soybean Oil Supplements for Treatment of Cancer-Related Fatigue: Results from a Phase II Nationwide Study.
Phase II nationwide RCT investigating the effect of fish oil and soybean oil supplementation on cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors. Good nutritional status was associated with higher baseline serum omega-3 levels and greater increases in serum omega-3s with supplementation, which correlated with improvements in fatigue.
Clinical, randomized, double blind clinical trial to study the effect of parenteral supplementation with fish oil emulsion in the nutritional support in esophagectomized patients
This randomized, double-blind clinical trial investigates the effect of parenteral fish oil lipid emulsion supplementation in esophagectomized patients. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of ω-3 fatty acid lipid emulsion in normalizing interleukin-6 levels and other inflammatory markers compared to LCT/MCT emulsions, with secondary outcomes including morbidity, safety, nutrition, and mortality parameters.
Effect of fish oil supplementation combined with high-intensity interval training in newly diagnosed non-obese type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 173 newly diagnosed non-obese type 2 diabetes patients comparing fish oil supplementation alone and combined with high-intensity interval training. The combination showed significant additive beneficial effects on glycaemic control, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk, and fat mass.
Double-blind RCT of fish oil supplementation in pregnancy and lactation to improve the metabolic health in children of mothers with overweight or obesity during pregnancy: study protocol
This is a study protocol for a double-blind RCT investigating the effects of fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on the metabolic health of children born to overweight or obese mothers. The trial will compare fish oil to olive oil, focusing on infant body fatness and metabolic markers.
Omega-3 PUFA and aspirin as adjuncts to periodontal debridement in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Randomized clinical trial.
RCT of 75 patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes comparing omega-3 PUFA and aspirin supplementation as adjuncts to periodontal debridement. The test groups showed clinical attachment gain, reduced cytokine levels, and decreased HbA1c levels compared to control.
Effects of fish oil during hemodialysis on nutritional status and quality of life: a randomized double-blinded trial
Randomized double-blinded trial of 74 hemodialysis patients receiving fish oil or placebo for 4 months. Fish oil significantly reduced protein-energy wasting, improved midarm circumference, arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, and biochemical parameters, enhancing quality of life.
Protective effects of dietary fish-oil supplementation on skin inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by fine particulate air pollution: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 65 healthy young adults in Shanghai, China, evaluating fish oil supplementation's protective effects against skin inflammation and oxidative stress induced by air pollution. Fish oil supplementation showed weaker associations between PM exposure and biomarkers compared to placebo, suggesting potential skin-protective effects.
Effects of Fish Oil Monotherapy on Depression and Prefrontal Neurochemistry in Adolescents at High Risk for Bipolar I Disorder: A 12-Week Placebo-Controlled Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Trial.
RCT evaluating the effects of 12-week fish oil supplementation in depressed adolescents at high risk for bipolar I disorder. Fish oil was not superior to placebo for reducing depressive symptoms but showed greater improvement in global symptom ratings. Significant changes in neurochemical markers were observed.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of fish oil encapsulation within different micro/nanocarriers.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the encapsulation of fish oil within different micro/nanocarriers to improve its oxidative stability and solubility. The study classified encapsulation techniques into four main groups and found that electrohydrodynamic processes provided the best encapsulation efficiency.
The Impacts of Fish Oil and/or Probiotic Intervention on Low-Grade Inflammation, IGFBP-1 and MMP-8 in Pregnancy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.
RCT investigating the impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on inflammatory and metabolic proteins in overweight/obese pregnant women. The intervention had no impact on protein changes during pregnancy, but obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may modify the effect.
Evaluation of Cognitive Performance following Fish-Oil and Curcumin Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Overweight or Obesity.
A 16-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested fish oil and curcumin supplementation in overweight or obese adults aged 50-80. Fish oil improved cerebrovascular responsiveness and processing speed in males, while curcumin improved working memory CVR and verbal memory in males. No additional benefits were observed with combined supplementation.
No Effect of Dietary Fish Oil Supplementation on the Recruitment of Brown and Brite Adipocytes in Mice or Humans under Thermoneutral Conditions.
The study investigated the effect of dietary fish oil supplementation on the recruitment of brown and brite adipocytes in mice and humans under thermoneutral conditions. The results showed that fish oil supplementation did not affect body mass trajectory or enhance the recruitment of thermogenic adipocytes in both mice and humans.
The effects of omega-3 fatty acids on neuropsychological functioning and brain morphology in mid-life adults: a randomized clinical trial.
RCT of 271 mid-life adults with low omega-3 intake, testing fish oil supplementation (1400 mg/day EPA and DHA) for 18 weeks. No significant effects on neuropsychological performance or brain morphology were found, though exploratory analysis suggested improved executive function in those with low baseline DHA levels.
A Mixed Lipid Emulsion Containing Fish Oil and Its Effect on Electrophysiological Brain Maturation in Infants of Extremely Low Birth Weight: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
Secondary analysis of an RCT assessing the effect of a mixed lipid emulsion containing fish oil on electrophysiological brain maturation in 230 infants of extremely low birth weight. Infants receiving the fish oil emulsion showed accelerated brain maturation compared to those receiving a soybean oil-based emulsion.
Effect of omega-3 fatty acids and fish oil supplementation on multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.
Systematic review of studies on the effect of omega-3 fatty acids and fish oil supplementation on multiple sclerosis (MS) progression in adults. The review found beneficial effects on inflammatory markers, reducing relapsing rate, and improving quality of life for MS patients.
Effect of fish oil supplementation in pregnancy on bone, lean, and fat mass at six years: randomised clinical trial
Double-blinded RCT of 736 pregnant women and their offspring, examining the effect of n-3 LCPUFA (fish oil) supplementation from week 24 of pregnancy until one week after birth. At age 6, children in the fish oil group had higher BMI, lean mass, and bone mineral content, but no increased risk of obesity, suggesting a growth-stimulating effect.
Childhood fish oil supplementation modifies associations between traffic related air pollution and allergic sensitisation.
Secondary analysis of the Childhood Asthma Prevention Study (CAPS) birth cohort examining interactions between fish oil supplementation and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on allergic disease and lung function outcomes in children. Fish oil supplementation appeared to protect against pro-allergic sensitisation effects of TRAP exposure, with significant interactions observed for house dust mite and inhalant allergen skin prick tests.
Effect of supplementation with flaxseed oil and different doses of fish oil for 2 weeks on plasma phosphatidylcholine fatty acids in young women.
RCT involving 303 young women to assess the effect of fish oil and flaxseed oil supplementation on plasma phosphatidylcholine fatty acids. Fish oil increased plasma PC EPA, DPA, and DHA in a dose-dependent manner, while flaxseed oil increased ALA, EPA, and DPA. Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations decreased by 16% with fish oil supplementation.
Dose-dependent effects of fish oil on cardio-metabolic biomarkers in healthy middle-aged and elderly Chinese people: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
A 12-week double-blind RCT investigated the dose-dependent effects of fish oil on cardio-metabolic biomarkers in 201 healthy middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. Fish oil enhanced serum EPA, DHA, n-3PUFA, and adiponectin, and decreased serum n-6/n-3PUFA, TG, and fasting glucose. The most desirable changes were observed with a dose of 1.24 g d-1.
The Effect of Fish Oil Fatty Acid Supplementation on Two-Step Tuberculin Skin Test: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
RCT investigating the effect of fish oil fatty acid supplementation on two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) in 213 healthy participants. Fish oil supplementation led to a significant increase in TST induration size compared to control, suggesting enhanced accuracy of the test.
Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and allergic respiratory disease in the adult offspring.
RCT from 1990 with 24 years of follow-up studied maternal supplementation with 2.7g of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy. The fish oil group showed a significantly reduced probability of asthma medication prescription in offspring compared to the olive oil group, suggesting potential long-term prophylactic effects against asthma.
Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): A Systematic Review
Systematic review assessing the effect of fish oil supplementation on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DHA-enriched fish oil had no effect on GDM prevention, while omega-3 fatty acid supplementation showed beneficial effects on insulin resistance but not on other metabolic parameters.
Fish-Derived Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Systematic review of 44 studies on fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids and prostate cancer. Interventional studies showed no impact on prostate-specific antigen levels, but some showed decreased inflammatory markers. Cohort studies suggested a potential association between higher fish intake and decreased prostate cancer mortality, though evidence is insufficient to confirm a relationship with prostate cancer risk.
Fish oil in knee osteoarthritis: a randomised clinical trial of low dose versus high dose.
RCT comparing high-dose (4.5 g omega-3 fatty acids) versus low-dose fish oil (0.45 g omega-3 fatty acids) in 202 patients with knee osteoarthritis. The low-dose group showed greater improvement in WOMAC pain and function scores at 2 years, with no difference in cartilage volume loss between groups.
Fish oil for the reduction of atrial fibrillation recurrence, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 337 patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF evaluating high-dose fish oil (4 g/day) versus placebo. Fish oil did not reduce AF recurrence, inflammation, or oxidative stress markers compared to placebo.
The effects of fish oil capsules and vitamin B1 tablets on duration and severity of dysmenorrhea in students of high school in Urmia-Iran.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 240 high school female students with dysmenorrhea. The study compared the effects of vitamin B1 (100 mg/day) and fish oil (500 mg/day) on pain intensity and duration. Both supplements significantly reduced pain intensity and duration compared to placebo, with vitamin B1 showing fewer complications.
Fish or n3-PUFA intake and body composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs on fish or fish oil intake and body composition. Participants taking fish or fish oil lost more body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage compared to controls, with reduced waist circumference. No difference was found for fat mass and lean body mass.
Effects of fish oil on serum lipid profile in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of fish oil on lipid profiles in dialysis patients. Fish oil supplements reduced serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, increased HDL-C levels, and did not affect LDL-C levels. The effects were more pronounced in patients with higher baseline triglyceride levels and with long-term intervention.
Plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in the OPERA trial.
In the OPERA trial, 564 cardiac surgery patients were supplemented with fish oil or placebo to assess the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF). Fish oil supplementation increased phospholipid concentrations of EPA, DPA, and DHA, but neither habitual nor achieved levels of n-3 PUFA were associated with PoAF risk.
Basic and clinical immunology – 3020. Fish oil supplementation in early infancy modulates developing infant immune responses but not clinical allergy
Double-blind randomized controlled trial of 420 infants at high atopic risk receiving fish oil supplementation from birth to six months. The study assessed fatty acid levels and cytokine responses at 6 months, and eczema, food allergy, asthma, and sensitization at 12 months. Fish oil modulated immune responses but did not affect clinical allergy outcomes.
Does intravenous fish oil benefit patients post-surgery? A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of 21 RCTs examining the effects of fish oil-enriched lipid emulsions in post-surgery patients. Fish oil was associated with a significant reduction in the length of hospital stay, infections, and liver dysfunction, with no significant change in mortality or postoperative medical cost.
Effect of fish oil supplementation on graft patency and cardiovascular events among patients with new synthetic arteriovenous hemodialysis grafts: a randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 201 adults with stage 5 chronic kidney disease assessing fish oil supplementation on synthetic hemodialysis graft patency and cardiovascular events. Fish oil did not significantly reduce the primary outcome of graft thrombosis but improved secondary outcomes such as graft patency, thrombosis rates, and cardiovascular event-free survival.
Fish oil supplementation during late pregnancy does not influence plasma lipids or lipoprotein levels in young adult offspring.
Follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial from 1990 investigating the effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation during the third trimester of pregnancy on lipids and lipoproteins in 19-year-old offspring. The study found no significant differences in lipid values between the fish oil and olive oil groups.
Impact of lipid emulsion containing fish oil on outcomes of surgical patients: systematic review of randomized controlled trials from Europe and Asia.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of lipid emulsion containing fish oil in surgical patients. Fish oil was associated with a significant reduction in infectious complications and a shortening of hospital and ICU stay, though no mortality advantage was observed.
Inclusion of fish or fish oil in weight-loss diets for young adults: effects on blood lipids.
Randomized controlled 8-week trial assessing the effects of fish and fish oil consumption on blood lipid concentration during weight loss in 324 young adults. The study found that a weight-loss diet including oily fish resulted in greater triglyceride reduction compared to a diet without fish or fish oil.
Diabetes: managing dyslipidaemia.
Systematic review evaluating the effectiveness and safety of interventions for dyslipidaemia in people with diabetes. Interventions include anion exchange resins, combined treatments, ezetimibe, fibrates, fish oil, intensive multiple intervention treatment programmes, nicotinic acid, and statins.
Benefits of fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of 47 studies on fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemic subjects. Fish oil intake (3.25 g of EPA and/or DHA) significantly reduced triglyceride levels but had no effect on total cholesterol and slight increases in HDL and LDL cholesterol.
Duration of pregnancy in relation to fish oil supplementation and habitual fish intake: a randomised clinical trial with fish oil.
Multicentre RCT examining the effect of fish oil supplementation on pregnancy duration in high-risk pregnant women. Fish oil reduced the hazard rate of spontaneous delivery in low and middle fish consumers, but not in high fish consumers.
Design of the fish oil inhibition of stenosis in hemodialysis grafts (FISH) study.
The FISH study is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of fish oil in improving hemodialysis graft patency in 232 chronic HD patients. The primary endpoint is the proportion of AVG with loss of native patency within 12 months, with secondary endpoints assessing the effect of fish oil on factors promoting stenosis and thrombosis.
Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing fish oil for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. The pooled analysis showed no significant difference in relapse rates between n-3 treated patients and controls. No significant adverse events were recorded.
n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review.
Systematic review of studies on n-3 fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements and their effects on cardiovascular disease outcomes. Fish oil was found to significantly reduce all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, cardiac and sudden death, or stroke, with stronger evidence in secondary-prevention settings. Alpha-linolenic acid did not show similar benefits.
Impact of omega-3 supplementation on inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe head injuries: An experimental trial
Experimental trial involving 46 patients with moderate-to-severe head injuries, comparing standard therapy to standard therapy plus omega-3 supplementation. Omega-3 significantly reduced inflammatory markers and oxidative stress but did not improve long-term clinical outcomes as measured by GOS-E scores.
Pesco-Vegetarian Food Components Promote Colonocyte Ferroptosis in Preclinical Mouse Models and a Randomized Crossover Trial in Healthy Human Adults.
The study assessed the effects of dietary fish oil and fermentable fiber on ferroptosis in colonocytes. In vitro, DHA and butyrate reduced cell viability and increased lipid peroxidation in mouse colonic epithelial cells. In vivo, fish oil and pectin diets promoted lipid peroxidation in mice. In a human crossover trial, fish oil and soluble corn fiber supplementation upregulated intestinal ferroptosis-related gene expression.
Gut microbial community and host intestinal gene expression with combined fish oil and soluble corn fiber compared with corn oil and maltodextrin: A randomized crossover trial in healthy older individuals.
A randomized crossover trial in 30 older adults comparing the effects of fish oil and soluble corn fiber to corn oil and maltodextrin on gut transcriptional profiles and microbiome composition. The study found significant shifts in intestinal cell pathways relevant to colorectal cancer and differences in gut microbial community structure and butyrate-producing taxa.
Feasibility of Fish Oil Supplementation on Headache Symptoms and Blood Lipids in Migraine Patients.
RCT conducted at Kuang Tian General Hospital with 47 migraine patients. The experimental group took 1g of fish oil (including 900mg EPA) twice daily. At Week 12, the fish oil group showed significant improvement in migraine symptoms and reduced blood lipid indexes compared to the control group.
Boosting Recovery: Omega-3 and Whey Protein Enhance Strength and Ease Muscle Soreness in Female Futsal Players.
A randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, double-blind study on 15 female futsal players examined the effects of omega-3 and whey protein supplementation before and after exercise-induced muscle damage. Pre-EIMD supplementation significantly improved jump height, muscle strength, and reduced delayed-onset muscle soreness compared to placebo.
Effects of fish oil supplementation on bone turnover markers in depression: a pilot study
This pilot study investigates the effects of fish oil supplementation on bone turnover markers in participants with depression. The study found that n-3 PUFA supplementation increased bone formation markers, suggesting a potential benefit in preventing and treating bone loss in depression.
Anti-inflammatory effect of combining fish oil and evening primrose oil supplementation on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial studied the anti-inflammatory effects of fish oil and evening primrose oil supplementation in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The intervention improved PUFA status and decreased IL-6 levels, suggesting potential benefits in reducing cancer complications related to lipid metabolism and inflammation.
Comparison of the effects of a phospholipid-enhanced fish oil versus krill oil product on plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids after acute administration: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study.
This randomized, double-blind, crossover study compared the bioavailability of EPA and DHA in a phospholipid-enhanced fish oil product versus a krill oil product in 24 healthy adults. The study found similar absorption of EPA+DHA from both products, but with a higher and earlier peak concentration for the phospholipid-enhanced fish oil.
The effect of fish oil supplementation on resistance training-induced adaptations.
RCT examining the effect of fish oil supplementation on resistance training adaptations in young, recreationally trained adults. Fish oil improved absolute and relative 1RM upper-body and relative 1RM lower-body strength more than placebo, with significant increases in blood EPA+DHA levels.
Effects of omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal parameters in periodontitis patients: a randomized clinical trial
This randomized clinical trial assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in 30 periodontitis patients. The intervention group consumed 1000 mg natural fish oil daily, showing significant improvements in probing depth and clinical attachment loss compared to the control group using soybean oil.
Effects of Fish Oil on Biomarkers of Axonal Injury and Inflammation in American Football Players: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Controlled Trial.
RCT of DHA+EPA supplementation in 29 NCAA Division I American football athletes over 26 weeks. Fish oil supplementation increased plasma DHA and EPA concentrations but did not mitigate adverse effects of repeated subconcussive head impacts on axonal injury biomarkers or inflammatory cytokine levels.
Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Fish Oil and Fenofibrate on Plasma Metabolomic Profiles in Overweight and Obese Individuals.
Double-blind, cross-over intervention trial with 20 overweight and obese subjects comparing fish oil, fenofibrate, and placebo over 6 weeks. Fish oil and fenofibrate both reduced several saturated triglyceride species, associated with decreased cardiovascular disease risk. Fish oil also increased unsaturated lipid species, suggesting a beneficial change in the plasma lipid metabolome.
Impact of Long-Term Supplementation with Fish Oil in Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The study found that fish oil supplementation increased DHA and omega index in red blood cells and significantly reduced alkaline phosphatase and liver fibrosis, but did not change circulating miR-122 expression.