Research
Chromium Picolinate
141 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Therapeutic effects of chromium supplementation on women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 RCTs involving 683 women with PCOS, assessing chromium supplementation. Chromium significantly decreased fasting blood insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, and other markers, while increasing insulin sensitivity and ovulation incidence. It was more effective than metformin in reducing HOMA-IR and luteinizing hormone.
The effect of chromium supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 trials evaluating chromium supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients. Chromium supplementation significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HOMO-IR, with slight decreases in lipid profiles and anthropometric measures. It also slightly increased HDL, ALT, SBP, and DBP, with no significant effect on AST.
Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Serum Levels of Inflammatory Mediators: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of chromium supplementation on serum levels of inflammatory mediators in adults. Chromium supplementation significantly reduced serum levels of CRP and TNF-alpha, but had a non-significant effect on IL-6 levels.
Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence.
Systematic review of 65 studies on the health effects of oral exposure to chromium. The review highlights an inverse association between prenatal chromium exposure and normal fetal development, increased oxidative stress and biochemical alterations in adults, and conflicting effects on renal function. Risks of urothelial carcinomas are noted, but findings on internal chromium concentrations and tissue abnormalities are controversial.
Chromium supplementation and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an extensive systematic review.
Systematic review of RCTs on chromium supplementation, mainly in forms like chromium picolinate, chromium yeast, chromium chloride, and chromium nicotinate, for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chromium supplementation showed potential benefits in glycemic control and lipid profile improvement, though findings were limited by inconsistent dosages and study designs.
Chromium as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
Meta-analysis assessing the carcinogenic effects of chromium and its link to breast cancer in women. The study found that women in ecologically polluted areas or with micronutrient exchange issues may need more frequent screening for breast cancer.
Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Lipid Profile: an Umbrella of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
This umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis summarized meta-analyses of RCTs examining chromium supplementation's effects on lipid profiles in adults. The pooled analysis of eight meta-analyses found no significant effect of chromium on triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, or HDL-C levels, although doses higher than 500 µg/day could significantly decrease triglycerides.
The effects of chromium supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
This meta-analysis of 10 RCTs with a total of 624 subjects evaluated the effects of chromium supplementation on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The analysis found that chromium supplementation did not significantly change blood pressure levels.
Effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers. Chromium supplementation significantly increased GSH levels and TAC, while reducing protein carbonyl levels, but showed no significant changes in MDA, TAS, TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GPX.
Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 RCTs involving 509 patients with type 2 diabetes, assessing the effects of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels. Chromium supplementation significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) but did not significantly affect fasting plasma glucose or lipid profiles.
Chromium Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Constituents, and Immune Competence of Broiler Chickens Under Heat Stress: a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of chromium supplementation on broiler chickens under heat stress. Chromium showed non-linear dose-response associations with body mass gain, feed intake, and carcass traits. It also improved immune competence and reduced blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose concentrations.
Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Biochemistry, and Immune Response of Unstressed Broiler Chickens: a Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
Meta-analysis assessing the effects of chromium supplementation on unstressed broiler chickens. Chromium supplementation showed a J-shaped relationship with carcass relative weight and nonlinear associations with blood HDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations. It was positively associated with immune response and inversely associated with blood glucose concentration.
Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on broiler growth performance: A meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis assessing the effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on broiler growth performance. The analysis found that chromium picolinate significantly improved growth performance, with Ross 308 or male broilers showing better sensitivity. The optimal chromium addition for maximum average daily gain was determined to be 1810 μg/kg.
Effects of chromium supplementation on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 RCTs assessing chromium supplementation's effect on lipid profile in type 2 diabetes patients. Chromium significantly decreased triglycerides and total cholesterol, increased HDL, but had no significant effect on LDL.
A Comprehensive insight into the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
This systematic review evaluated the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus. Out of 33 studies analyzed, 28 showed a reduction in oxidative stress indices, and 23 reported increased antioxidant enzyme activity and improved antioxidant indices with chromium supplementation.
The effects of chromium supplementation on lipidprofile in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of chromium supplementation on lipid profiles in humans, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, and VLDL. The analysis of 38 studies with 7605 participants found a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol levels with chromium supplementation, particularly in specific subgroups such as diabetics and younger adults.
The effect of chromium supplementation on apolipoproteins: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of six trials involving 231 participants to investigate the effect of chromium supplementation on apolipoproteins. Chromium supplementation did not significantly affect Apo A, Apo A1, or Apo B levels.
Effect of chromium supplementation on hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.
This meta-analysis assesses the effect of chromium supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Chromium supplementation significantly reduced serum hs-CRP and TNF-α, and insignificantly reduced IL-6, suggesting potential benefits for heart health.
Effects of chromium supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the effect of chromium supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. The analysis found significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels, hemoglobin A1C, and HOMA-IR, suggesting chromium supplementation may improve glycemic control indices.
A meta-analysis of the effect of chromium supplementation on anthropometric indices of subjects with overweight or obesity.
Meta-analysis of 21 trials from 19 studies with 1316 participants evaluating the efficacy of chromium supplementation in individuals with overweight/obesity. Pooled analysis showed significant reductions in weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage. The effect size was medium, and the clinical relevance of chromium as a weight loss aid remains uncertain.
The Effects of Supplementation with Chromium on Insulin Resistance Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs on chromium supplementation in women with PCOS. The analysis included 5 studies with 137 women with PCOS and 131 controls. Chromium supplementation showed no significant effect on fasting insulin and QUICKI score, but significantly improved HOMA-IR and HOMA-B. The clinical relevance of these findings is uncertain.
Chromium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of six RCTs with 351 women with PCOS examining chromium supplementation. Chromium significantly decreased insulin resistance but increased total and free testosterone levels. No significant effects were found on other insulin metabolism indexes, hormone status, or lipid profiles.
Improved meta-analytic methods show no effect of chromium supplements on fasting glucose.
A meta-analysis of 16 randomized, placebo-controlled trials with 809 participants assessed the effect of chromium supplementation on fasting glucose in diabetics and nondiabetics. The analysis found no significant effect of chromium supplementation, with a weighted average effect size of 0.02.
Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults.
Meta-analysis of nine RCTs involving 622 participants assessing chromium picolinate supplementation in overweight or obese adults. The analysis found a mean weight reduction of -1.1 kg with chromium picolinate, but the clinical relevance is debatable. No firm evidence on dose gradient or safety was established.
Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Meta-analysis assessing the effect of chromium picolinate on body weight, including 10 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. A significant differential effect was found in favor of chromium picolinate for reducing body weight, with a weighted mean difference of -1.1 kg. The effect's clinical relevance is debatable, and sensitivity analysis suggests dependence on a single trial.
Glucose and insulin responses to dietary chromium supplements: a meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of chromium on glucose, insulin, or glycated hemoglobin (Hb A(1c)) in 618 participants. The meta-analysis showed no association between chromium and glucose or insulin concentrations among nondiabetic subjects. Data for persons with diabetes are inconclusive, with only one study in China reporting significant reductions in glucose, insulin, and Hb A(1c).
A comparative study to assess the use of chromium in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Single-blind randomized clinical trial assessing chromium supplementation in individuals aged 40 to 60 with uncontrolled diabetes. The intervention group received 200 mcg of chromium daily alongside regular diabetes medication, resulting in significant reductions in HbA1c and fasting blood sugar levels over four months.
Metabolic Actions of a Supplement of Ilex Paraguariensis (An Extract of the Leaf Standardized to 2% I-Deoxinojirimcina), White Mulberry and Chromium Picolinate in Nondiabetic Subects with Dysglycemia: A Randomized Trial
Randomized trial testing a nutraceutical containing Ilex paraguariensis, white mulberry, and chromium picolinate in nondiabetic subjects with dysglycemia. The nutraceutical improved glycemic status, lipid profile, and reduced inflammation markers compared to baseline and placebo.
The effects of chromium and vitamin D3 co-supplementation on insulin resistance and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
RCT assessing the effects of vitamin D3 and chromium picolinate supplementation on insulin resistance and TNF-α in 92 patients with type 2 diabetes. Chromium and vitamin D3 co-supplementation controlled HOMA-IR and decreased TNF-α, with chromium alone or with vitamin D3 being more effective than vitamin D3 alone.
A novel nutritional supplement containing amino acids and chromium decreases postprandial glucose response in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
RCT evaluating a nutritional supplement containing amino acids and chromium picolinate on postprandial glucose response in 60 overweight non-diabetic adults. The supplement decreased venous blood glucose iAUC0-120min and Cmax compared to placebo, suggesting improved postprandial glucose homeostasis.
Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Clinical Trial
RCT evaluating the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic status and lipid profile in 52 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus over 8 weeks. Chromium supplementation showed modest beneficial effects on insulin resistance and lipid profile, but did not alter fasting blood glucose or anthropometric parameters.
Potential roles of chromium on inflammatory biomarkers in diabetes: A Systematic.
This systematic review analyzed 14 studies on the effects of chromium on inflammatory biomarkers in diabetes, including in vitro, animal, and human studies. Twelve studies showed chromium significantly decreased inflammatory factors, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory properties, though results were mixed and more human trials are needed.
Systematic Review of the Effects of Chromium(III) on Chickens.
Systematic review of chromium supplementation in chickens, examining effects on various variables. Results were inconsistent, with no firm conclusions on beneficial or deleterious effects, except for chromium accumulation in tissues. No recommendation for chromium supplementation in chicken diets can be made.
Chromium supplementation does not improve weight loss or metabolic and hormonal variables in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review.
Systematic review of clinical trials investigating chromium supplementation in women with PCOS. The review found limited effects of chromium on weight reduction, glucose control, lipid profile, and hormonal disturbances, with inconsistent results across studies.
Dietary Supplementation of Chromium Can Alleviate Negative Impacts of Heat Stress on Performance, Carcass Yield, and Some Blood Hematology and Chemistry Indices of Growing Japanese Quail.
This study investigated the impact of dietary chromium supplementation on growth indices, carcass yield, and blood parameters of Japanese quails under heat stress. Chromium supplementation improved growth performance and modulated hematological and biochemical parameters, suggesting benefits in stress conditions.
[Chromium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials].
Meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials assessing chromium supplementation in type 2 diabetes patients. Chromium supplementation showed significant effects on fasting plasma glucose and total cholesterol, suggesting favorable effects on glycaemic control.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of chromium supplementation in diabetes.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 RCTs assessing chromium supplementation in diabetes. Chromium supplementation significantly improved glycaemic control, reduced triglycerides, and increased HDL-C levels. No increased risk of adverse events compared to placebo.
Chromium picolinate and biotin combination improves glucose metabolism in treated, uncontrolled overweight to obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the efficacy and safety of chromium picolinate and biotin on glycaemic control in 447 subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. The combination significantly reduced HbA(1c) and fasting glucose levels compared to placebo, especially in subjects with baseline HbA(1c) ≥ 10%. The treatment was well tolerated.
Combination of chromium and biotin improves coronary risk factors in hypercholesterolemic type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial.
A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 348 T2DM participants evaluated the effects of chromium picolinate and biotin combination on lipid and lipoprotein levels. The CPB group showed significant reductions in HbA1c, glucose, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels, especially in participants with hypercholesterolemia and those on statins. CPB was well tolerated with no adverse effects.
Effects of supplemental chromium on interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA expression in response to Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler chicken.
RCT studying the effects of supplemental chromium on IFN-gamma expression in response to Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler chickens. Chromium supplementation modulated IFN-gamma mRNA expression, with certain doses up-regulating expression significantly at days 1 and 3 post-immunization, while other doses led to down-regulation.
Chromium picolinate, rather than biotin, alleviates performance and metabolic parameters in heat-stressed quail.
RCT evaluating the effects of chromium picolinate and biotin supplementation on performance and metabolic parameters in heat-stressed Japanese quail. Chromium picolinate improved live weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcase traits, and increased serum concentrations of vitamins C and E while decreasing MDA, glucose, and cholesterol levels. Biotin did not show beneficial effects alone.
Effectiveness of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus on Metabolic Syndrome Components: A Real-World, Observational Study
Observational study assessing the effectiveness of Gdue, a nutraceutical containing Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, and chromium picolinate, on metabolic syndrome components in 505 patients. After 6 months, significant improvements were observed in body weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, and blood pressure, with a decreased 10-year cardiovascular risk.
Chromium picolinate balances the metabolic and clinical markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
RCT of 46 NAFLD patients evaluating the effects of 400 µg/day chromium picolinate supplementation for 12 weeks. The study found significant improvements in body weight, body fat mass, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, leptin, and adiponectin in the chromium picolinate group, but no significant effect on liver enzymes.
Ascophyllum Nodosum, Fucus Vesiculosus and chromium picolinate nutraceutical composition can help to treat type 2 diabetic patients
RCT of 175 Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes comparing a nutraceutical combination of polifenolic composition from Ascophyllum Nodosum and Fucus Vesiculosus, and chromium picolinate to placebo over 6 months. The nutraceutical combination significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and post-prandial glucose compared to baseline and placebo.
Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus on glycemic status and on endothelial damage markers in dysglicemic patients.
RCT of 65 dysglycemic patients comparing a nutraceutical combination containing polyphenols from Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, and chromium picolinate to placebo for 6 months. The nutraceutical group showed improvements in glycemic status and insulin sensitivity, with reductions in HbA, FPG, PPG, HOMA-IR, Hs-CRP, and TNF-α compared to placebo.
Effects of Chromium and Carnitine Co-supplementation on Body Weight and Metabolic Profiles in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 54 overweight women with PCOS assessed the effects of chromium and carnitine co-supplementation. The supplementation led to decreased weight, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol, and increased insulin sensitivity. It also upregulated PPAR-γ and LDLR gene expression.
Carnitine and chromium co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory, genetic, and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of carnitine and chromium co-supplementation on mental health, hormonal, inflammatory, and genetic parameters in 54 women with PCOS. The supplementation significantly improved mental health scores, reduced total testosterone, hirsutism, hs-CRP, and MDA levels, increased TAC levels, and upregulated gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to placebo.
Chromium supplementation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effect of chromium supplementation on PCOS. Chromium supplementation showed beneficial effects on decreasing BMI, fasting insulin, and free testosterone in PCOS patients, but had no effect on total testosterone, FG score, DHEA, FSH, and LH.
Chromium picolinate reduces insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized controlled trial.
This double-blinded randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of chromium picolinate on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Chromium picolinate significantly reduced BMI and fasting serum insulin, increased fasting glucose insulin ratio, and improved ovulation and menstrual regularity.
Beneficial effects of oral chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical study.
A four-month single-blind randomized trial with 71 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus evaluated the effect of chromium picolinate supplementation. The supplemented group showed significant reductions in fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations and HbA1c values compared to the control group. Serum chromium concentrations increased in the supplemented group, but no significant changes in lipid profile were observed.
Chromium Supplementation and the Effects on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
RCT of 64 women with PCOS comparing 200 µg chromium picolinate supplementation to placebo for 8 weeks. Chromium supplementation resulted in significant improvements in markers of insulin metabolism and a trend towards improved lipid profiles.
Effects of supplemental nanoparticle trivalent chromium on the nutrient utilization, growth performance and serum traits of broilers.
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of nanoparticle trivalent chromium on nutrient utilization, growth performance, and serum traits in broilers. It found that nanoparticle chromium picolinate increased chromium utilization and lowered serum LDL-cholesterol compared to chromium picolinate and chromium chloride.
Metformin versus chromium picolinate in clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with PCOs: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
This randomized clinical trial compared chromium picolinate and metformin in 92 women with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS. Chromium picolinate significantly decreased fasting blood sugar and insulin levels, increasing insulin sensitivity. Metformin reduced testosterone levels more effectively. Both treatments showed no significant difference in ovulation and pregnancy rates.
[Efficacy of tianmaixiaoke tablets in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in China].
RCT of 84 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in China comparing chromium picolinate (tianmaixiaoke tablet) to sitagliptin over 24 weeks. Chromium supplementation led to significant decreases in HbA1c and increases in serum chromium levels, particularly in patients with low baseline chromium.
Effect of chromium supplementation on productive and reproductive performances and some metabolic parameters in late gestation and early lactation of dairy cows.
RCT of 60 multiparous Holstein dairy cows examining the effect of chromium-L-methionine supplementation on productive and reproductive performances. Chromium supplementation increased milk yield, lactose yield, and improved reproductive parameters such as earlier days to first service and estrus. It also affected metabolic parameters, increasing serum insulin and glucose concentrations while decreasing cortisol and nonesterified fatty acids.
Effects of different levels of organic and inorganic chromium on growth performance and immunocompetence of broilers under heat stress.
RCT investigating the effects of organic and inorganic chromium on broilers under heat stress. Chromium supplementation improved primary and secondary antibody responses, H/L ratio, CBH response, and relative weights of thymus and spleen. Serum concentrations of Cr and Zn increased, while Cu decreased.
Chromium effects on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in persons at risk for diabetes mellitus.
RCT investigating the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in 59 patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes. No significant changes were observed in glucose level, insulin level, or HOMA-IR after 6 months of supplementation compared to placebo.
A pilot study of chromium picolinate for weight loss.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on weight loss in 80 overweight adults over 24 weeks. The study found no significant change in BMI or weight loss between the chromium and placebo groups.
Chromium picolinate supplementation in women: effects on body weight, composition, and iron status.
Double-blind, randomized trial of 83 women testing chromium picolinate supplementation (200 microg Cr/d) against picolinic acid and placebo. Chromium picolinate increased serum and urinary chromium levels but did not affect body weight, body composition, or iron status under controlled energy intake conditions.
Effect of chromium supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipids: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review of 41 RCTs on chromium supplementation's effects on glucose metabolism and lipid levels. Chromium improved glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes patients but had no effect on lipids or in individuals without diabetes. Study quality and heterogeneity limit conclusions.
Monitoring blood glucose levels in female mink during the reproductive cycle: 1. Prevention of hyperglycemia during the nursing period.
RCT investigating the effects of dietary supplements on blood glucose levels in female mink during the reproductive cycle. Chromium picolinate supplementation reduced blood glucose concentration, suggesting it may help maintain normal glucose levels during lactation.
Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
RCT evaluating the effect of 400 microg chromium daily in the form of chromium yeast on glycemic control in Western patients with type 2 diabetes. No differences were found in A1C or secondary endpoints between the chromium and placebo groups.
Monitoring blood glucose levels in female mink during the reproductive cycle: 2. Effects of short-term fish oil, chromium picolinate, and acetylsalicylic acid supplementation during late lactation.
The study investigated the effects of short-term supplementation with herring oil, chromium picolinate, and acetylsalicylic acid on blood glucose levels in female mink during late lactation. In normoglycemic mink, ASA alone and the combination of HerO-CrPic-ASA elevated blood glucose levels. In hyperglycemic mink, all treatment combinations except CrPic alone and ASA alone reduced blood glucose concentration.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving.
This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial studied the effects of chromium picolinate on carbohydrate craving in 113 adults with atypical depression. While no significant difference was found between chromium picolinate and placebo groups on primary efficacy measures, chromium picolinate showed significant improvements in appetite increase, increased eating, carbohydrate craving, and diurnal variation of feelings in a subpopulation with high carbohydrate craving.
Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
RCT investigating the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on QTc interval duration in 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chromium supplementation shortened QTc interval duration compared to placebo.
Effect of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance and ovarian and menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Pilot RCT in women with polycystic ovary syndrome testing chromium picolinate (200 microg/d) versus placebo. Chromium improved glucose tolerance but did not improve ovulatory frequency or hormonal parameters.
Chromium treatment decreases the sensitivity of 5-HT2A receptors.
The study investigated the effects of short-term chromium supplementation on plasma tryptophan availability and brain 5-HT function in human and animal models. Chromium increased peripheral and central tryptophan availability in rats and elevated brain 5-HT content. In both rats and humans, chromium lowered the cortisol response to 5-HTP challenge, suggesting it can modify brain 5-HT function by altering the sensitivity of central 5-HT(2A) receptors.
Probing the Drug–Protein Interactions Using Multi‐Spectroscopic Approaches: Characterizing the Interactions of Chromium Picolinate With Bovine Serum Albumin
The study examined the binding behavior of chromium picolinate with bovine serum albumin under simulated physiological conditions using various spectroscopic techniques. The formation of the BSA–CPN complex resulted in fluorescence quenching, with binding affinity and thermodynamic parameters suggesting stability governed by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces.
Effects of Dietary Chromium Picolinate on Gut Microbiota, Gastrointestinal Peptides, Glucose Homeostasis, and Performance of Heat-Stressed Broilers
The study evaluated the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on gut microbiota, gastrointestinal peptides, and glucose homeostasis in heat-stressed broilers. A 14-day experiment with 220 broilers showed that 0.4 mg/kg chromium supplementation improved average daily gain, altered gut microbiota composition, and improved glucose homeostasis compared to high-temperature groups without supplementation.
Estimated intestinal absorption of phosphorus and its deposition in chosen tissues, bones and feathers of chickens receiving chromium picolinate or chromium nanoparticles in diet
The study investigated the effects of chromium picolinate and chromium nanoparticles in the diet of chickens on chromium accumulation in tissues and intestinal absorption of phosphorus. Chromium was found to accumulate in various tissues, but did not affect intestinal absorption of phosphorus. However, chromium use in the diet may lower phosphorus levels in the femur.
The Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Gene Expression of Insulin, Lipid, and Inflammatory Markers in Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Candidate for in vitro Fertilization: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial
RCT of 40 infertile women with PCOS undergoing IVF, comparing 200 μg/day chromium supplementation to placebo for 8 weeks. Chromium reduced serum hs-CRP and improved gene expression of PPAR-γ, GLUT-1, LDLR, and IL-1, but had no effect on IL-8, TNF-α, TGF-β, and VEGF.
Chromium supplementation in non-obese non-diabetic subjects is associated with a decline in insulin sensitivity
A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial on 31 non-obese, normoglycemic subjects tested the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on insulin sensitivity. After 16 weeks, there was no significant change in insulin sensitivity between groups, but higher serum chromium levels were associated with a decline in insulin sensitivity.
Improved cognitive-cerebral function in older adults with chromium supplementation.
In a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, 26 older adults were assigned to receive chromium picolinate or placebo for 12 weeks. While learning rate and retention were not enhanced, chromium picolinate reduced semantic interference on memory tasks and increased brain activation in specific regions, suggesting enhanced cognitive inhibitory control and cerebral function.
Performance and ruminal protozoa in lambs with chromium supplementation.
RCT investigating the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on performance and ruminal protozoa in 24 male lambs. No significant differences were found in body weight, dry matter intake, daily gain, or total body weight gain. A negative linear relationship was observed between chromium supplementation and protozoa count.
Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety.
The study assessed the effect of chromium picolinate (CrPic) on food intake in overweight women with carbohydrate cravings and in Sprague-Dawley rats. In humans, CrPic reduced food intake, hunger levels, and fat cravings compared to placebo. In rats, CrPic decreased food intake when administered centrally.
Chromium picolinate for insulin resistance in subjects with HIV disease: a pilot study.
Pilot study of chromium picolinate (1000 µg/day) in 8 HIV-positive subjects on antiretroviral therapy to improve insulin sensitivity. Glucose disposal rate increased by 25% after 8 weeks, indicating improved insulin resistance. Some safety concerns were noted, including liver function abnormalities and elevated blood urea nitrogen.
Chromium picolinate and biotin combination reduces atherogenic index of plasma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial.
RCT of 36 moderately obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus comparing chromium picolinate and biotin combination to placebo for 4 weeks. The active group showed significantly lower atherogenic index of plasma, triglyceride levels, and improved cholesterol ratios, suggesting reduced cardiovascular disease risk.
Chromium picolinate and conjugated linoleic acid do not synergistically influence diet- and exercise-induced changes in body composition and health indexes in overweight women.
This RCT assessed the effects of chromium picolinate and conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on body composition and health indexes in overweight women. Over 12 weeks, no significant differences were found between the supplement and placebo groups in terms of weight loss, body composition, or metabolic and cardiovascular health markers.
Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with poorly controlled, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes in an obese Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
A 6-month double-blind RCT in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes patients with HbA1c >8% and BMI >25 kg/m2, comparing placebo to 500 or 1,000 µg chromium picolinate daily. No significant differences in A1C, lipid profile, BMI, blood pressure, or insulin requirements were found between groups.
The effect of chromium picolinate and biotin supplementation on glycemic control in poorly controlled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized trial.
RCT of 43 subjects with type 2 diabetes and impaired glycemic control, testing chromium picolinate and biotin supplementation. The treatment group showed significant improvements in glucose management and lipid measurements compared to placebo after 4 weeks.
Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
RCT of 37 subjects with type 2 diabetes comparing sulfonylurea plus placebo to sulfonylurea plus chromium picolinate (CrPic) for 6 months. CrPic supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity, glucose control, and attenuated body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation compared to placebo.
Chromium picolinate improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome.
RCT of chromium picolinate supplementation in five obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome. Chromium picolinate improved glucose disposal rate by 38%, suggesting its potential as an insulin sensitizer in treating polycystic ovary syndrome.
Resistive training and chromium picolinate: effects on inositols and liver and kidney functions in older adults.
This study assessed the effects of resistive training with or without chromium picolinate supplementation on urinary excretions of inositols and clinical indices of kidney and liver functions in 32 older adults. Whole-body strength increased by 20% in all subjects, and urinary chromium excretion increased 47-fold in the Cr-pic group. Urinary inositols and serum indices of kidney and liver functions were not significantly affected by chromium picolinate.
Effectiveness of chromium in atypical depression: a placebo-controlled trial.
Placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study of chromium picolinate in 15 patients with atypical depression. 70% of chromium picolinate patients met responder criteria compared to 0% in the placebo group, indicating promising antidepressant effects.
Effects of resistive training and chromium picolinate on body composition and skeletal muscle size in older women.
This study assessed the effect of resistive training with or without high-dose chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition and skeletal muscle size in older women. Chromium picolinate did not increase maximal strength above resistive training alone, and whole body composition and skeletal muscle size were not significantly changed.
The effect of chromium picolinate on muscular strength and body composition in women athletes.
RCT with 15 women softball athletes examining chromium picolinate supplementation on muscular strength and body composition. No significant differences in muscular strength or body composition were found after 6 weeks of resistance training. Chromium excretion increased significantly in the treatment group.
Effects of carbohydrate and chromium ingestion during intermittent high-intensity exercise to fatigue.
RCT with 8 physically active men testing the addition of chromium picolinate to a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink during intermittent high-intensity exercise. The study found that while carbohydrate ingestion improved exercise capacity, the addition of chromium picolinate did not enhance this effect.
Nutritional factors influencing the glucose/insulin system: chromium.
RCT involving Chinese subjects with NIDDM divided into three groups receiving placebo, 100 or 500 micrograms of chromium picolinate twice per day for 4 months. Significant improvements in the glucose/insulin system were observed in the group receiving 500 micrograms twice per day.
Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
RCT of 180 individuals with type 2 diabetes testing supplemental chromium picolinate. Significant improvements in HbA1c, fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, insulin, and cholesterol were observed in groups receiving chromium, especially at higher doses.
Effects of chromium picolinate on body composition.
This double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT studied the efficacy of chromium picolinate as a fat-reduction aid in 95 obese Navy personnel over 16 weeks. The chromium group did not show a significantly greater reduction in body fat or weight, nor an increase in lean body mass compared to placebo.
The effects of chromium supplementation on serum glucose and lipids in patients with and without non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
RCT of 76 patients with atherosclerotic disease treated with 250 micrograms of chromium or placebo for 7 to 16 months. Chromium supplementation increased serum chromium levels, lowered serum triglycerides, and increased HDL, but had no effect on serum cholesterol or blood glucose.
Effects of chromium picolinate on beginning weight training students.
RCT examining the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition and strength in 59 college-age students over a 12-week weight lifting program. Significant increases in body circumferences and decreases in skinfolds were observed in all groups. The F-CrPic group gained more body weight than other groups, indicating a greater effect of chromium picolinate on females.
Chromium picolinate enhances reproductive success and development in Drosophila melanogaster by reducing oxidative stress
The study evaluated the impact of chromium picolinate supplementation on reproductive physiology and developmental outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster. Chromium picolinate at 15 µg/ml significantly shortened larval and pupal periods, improved pupation rates and adult fly emergence, and enhanced fecundity and fertility. Antioxidant enzyme activities were elevated, suggesting a defense against oxidative stress.
A Blend Consisting of Agaran from Seaweed Gracilaria birdiae and Chromium Picolinate Is a Better Antioxidant Agent than These Two Compounds Alone
The study investigated blends of Gracilaria birdiae agaran (SPGb) and chromium picolinate (ChrPic) for enhanced antioxidant activity. The blend B5 showed superior antioxidant properties compared to SPGb or ChrPic alone, and was not cytotoxic or genotoxic. B5 abolished H2O2-induced toxicity in fibroblasts, suggesting potential as a nutraceutical agent.
Impact of Chromium Picolinate on Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis and Antioxidant Balance Using an In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model
In vitro study using a rodent Leydig cell line to assess the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic3) under insulin resistance conditions. CrPic3 showed toxic effects on Leydig cells at low doses, failed to enhance glucose consumption, but restored mitochondrial complex expression and alleviated oxidative stress. It promoted androstenedione production in the presence of palmitate, suggesting potential benefits and risks for male fertility and hormone health.
Chromium Picolinate Protects against Testicular Damage in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats via Anti-Inflammation, Anti-Oxidation, Inhibiting Apoptosis, and Regulating the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway
The study investigated the effects of chromium picolinate on testicular damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats. CP supplementation reduced blood glucose, improved male hormone levels and sperm parameters, repaired testicular tissue, and inhibited testicular fibrosis. It also reduced serum inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in testicular tissue.
The Effects of Dietary Chromium Supplementation along with Discontinuing a High-Fat Diet on the Microbial Enzymatic Activity and the Production of SCFAs in the Faeces of Rats
The study assessed the effects of dietary chromium supplementation and diet changes on faecal microbial activity in obese Wistar rats. Chromium nanoparticles modulated microbial activity by diminishing enzymatic activities, while chromium picolinate had negligible effects. Both high-fat diet and chromium nanoparticles reduced SCFA concentrations and increased faecal pH.
Creeping Wood Sorrel and Chromium Picolinate Effect on the Nutritional Composition and Lipid Oxidative Stability of Broiler Meat
The study evaluated the effects of chromium picolinate and creeping wood sorrel on the nutritional composition and lipid oxidative stability of broiler meat. Supplementation improved n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, increased DHA in breast meat, and enhanced lutein and zeaxanthin content while reducing malondialdehyde concentration, suggesting antioxidant benefits.
Docking Interaction of Chromium(III) Picolinate and Chromate Ion Compounds with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase as Insulin Receptors
In vitro study modeling the interaction of chromium(III) picolinate and chromate ion with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) to understand their role in glucose metabolism. Chromium(III) picolinate showed better interaction with PTP compared to chromate ion, based on interaction energy calculations.
Maintaining intestinal microflora balance in heat-stressed broilers using dietary creeping wood sorrel (Oxalis corniculata) powder and chromium (chromium picolinate)
The study investigated the effects of dietary creeping wood sorrel powder and chromium picolinate on heat-stressed broilers. While there was no significant impact on growth performance, the supplements positively influenced the balance of caecal and intestinal microflora, particularly at 28 days.