Research
Calcium
105 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
The preventive effects of different interventions on gestational hypertension: incidence and network meta-analysis.
Network meta-analysis of 50 RCTs involving 57,836 pregnant women to evaluate interventions for preventing gestational hypertension. Calcium and aspirin plus calcium were associated with a significantly reduced risk of gestational hypertension compared to placebo.
Calcium and vitamin D reduce hypoparathyroidism and hospital stay after thyroidectomy: A randomized controlled trial.
RCT of 600 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy comparing prophylactic oral calcium carbonate/gluconate and alfacalcidol supplementation to standard postoperative care. Supplementation significantly reduced laboratory and symptomatic hypocalcemia, the need for intravenous calcium, and shortened hospital stay.
Routine vs Selective Calcium Supplementation After Total Thyroidectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
This randomized clinical trial compared routine prophylactic calcium and calcitriol supplementation to selective supplementation based on postoperative PTH levels in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. The study found no significant difference in preventing symptomatic or biochemical hypocalcemia between the two strategies.
Association Between Dietary Calcium or Dairy Product Intake and Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between dietary calcium intake or dairy consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence in adults. Higher dietary calcium intake and dairy consumption were significantly associated with lower odds of MetS, although the cross-sectional nature of the included studies precludes causal inference.
Calcium intake and risk of prostate cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 21 prospective cohort studies evaluating the relationship between calcium intake and prostate cancer risk. High intakes of total, dietary, and dairy calcium were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, while supplemental and non-dairy calcium intakes were not significantly associated.
Effects of Combined Exercise and Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 RCTs examining the effects of combined exercise and calcium/vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. The combined interventions significantly increased lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, with whole-body vibration and mind-body exercises showing the greatest benefits. Short-term interventions were most effective.
Effectiveness of calcium supplementation in the prevention of gestational hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 studies with 39,270 individuals assessing calcium supplementation for preventing gestational hypertension. Calcium significantly reduced the risk of preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension, but showed no significant effect on HELLP syndrome, preterm birth, or mortality.
Calcium supplementation (other than for preventing or treating hypertension) for improving pregnancy and infant outcomes.
Meta-analysis of 19 RCTs with 16,625 pregnant women assessing calcium supplementation effects on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Calcium supplementation probably reduces preterm birth before 37 weeks but has little effect on preterm birth before 34 weeks or low birthweight. No significant effects on other maternal or fetal outcomes were found.
Calcium supplementation for people with overweight or obesity.
Meta-analysis of 18 RCTs with 1873 participants evaluating calcium supplementation in individuals with overweight or obesity. Low-certainty evidence suggests little to no difference in body weight, but a small reduction in BMI, waist circumference, and body fat mass. The evidence is of low to moderate certainty due to risk of bias and heterogeneity.
Calcium versus cabergoline for prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing calcium infusion versus cabergoline for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in high-risk women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. No significant differences were found between the groups for overall OHSS rates, but calcium may reduce severe OHSS occurrence. Pregnancy-related outcomes were similar between the groups.
Preoperative Calcium or Vitamin D Supplement in Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies with 1504 participants assessing preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation in thyroidectomy patients. Results showed positive outcomes in postoperative calcium levels, reduced symptomatic hypocalcemia, and shorter hospital stays compared to controls.
The role of calcium in the prevention of erosive tooth wear: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the role of calcium formulations in preventing erosive tooth wear (ETW). The review included 21 studies, finding that calcium addition to acidic drinks reduced enamel loss, with blackcurrant juice showing significantly less enamel loss compared to orange juice. The effects of milk and CPP-ACP pastes on ETW prevention were contradictory.
Can baseline serum calcium levels predict outcomes of intracerebral hemorrhage? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis examined the prognostic role of baseline serum calcium levels in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It found that hypocalcemia is associated with significantly higher baseline hematoma volume and increased risk of unfavorable functional outcomes and mortality, but not with hematoma expansion.
Association between calcium intake and risk of breast cancer: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of seven cohort studies with 1,579,904 participants examining the association between calcium intake and breast cancer risk. Increasing dietary calcium intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, while total calcium intake showed a non-significant inverse association.
Relative efficacy of prophylactic strategies for postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared prophylactic strategies for postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia across 27 RCTs with 3382 patients. Teriparatide, oral calcium plus vitamin D3, and oral calcium plus activated vitamin D3 were superior to placebo in reducing symptomatic hypocalcemia, with teriparatide being the most effective.
Association Between Calcium Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis included twelve RCTs to assess the association between calcium supplementation and the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. The analysis found that calcium supplementation was not associated with myocardial infarction, total stroke, heart failure admission, and cardiovascular/all-cause mortality.
Clinical efficacy of low-dose aspirin combined with calcium in preventing preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of low-dose aspirin combined with calcium supplements for preventing preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women. The analysis included seven randomized controlled trials and found that the combination reduced the incidence of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm birth, postpartum hemorrhage, and fetal growth restriction compared to aspirin alone.
Calcium intake in vegan and vegetarian diets: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of calcium intake in vegan and vegetarian diets compared to omnivorous diets. Vegans showed substantially lower calcium intake than vegetarians and omnivores, highlighting the need for vegans to monitor their calcium status.
Medications for preventing hypertensive disorders in high-risk pregnant women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
This network meta-analysis included 83 randomized studies involving 93,864 women, evaluating the effectiveness of medications for preventing hypertensive disorders in high-risk pregnant women. Calcium, antiplatelet agents, and their combinations were found to be effective in preventing preeclampsia and gestational hypertension compared to placebo or no treatment.
Dietary calcium intake in relation to blood lipids and lipoproteins profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the relationship between dietary calcium intake and blood lipids and lipoproteins. It found that higher calcium intake was associated with lower triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, and higher HDL cholesterol levels. However, the relationship with odds of hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia was not significant, with gender differences noted in HDL cholesterol levels.
Calcium for pre-eclampsia prevention: A systematic review and network meta-analysis to guide personalised antenatal care.
This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of high and low calcium dosing for pre-eclampsia prevention in women before or during pregnancy. The analysis included 30 trials with 20,445 women and found that both low-dose and high-dose calcium supplementation are effective in preventing pre-eclampsia in women with low dietary calcium intake.
The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 studies involving 7,382 subjects assessed the effects of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in people under 35 years old. Calcium supplementation was associated with increased BMD and BMC, particularly at the femoral neck and total body, with slight improvements in lumbar spine BMC. No effects were observed on total hip BMD and BMC or lumbar spine BMD.
Association between serum calcium and hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 studies with 3212 participants assessing the relationship between serum calcium levels and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in ischemic stroke. The results showed that serum calcium levels were significantly lower in the HT group compared to the control group, suggesting that serum calcium may be a risk factor for HT.
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy and long-term offspring outcome: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating the effect of maternal calcium supplementation during pregnancy on offspring outcomes. One study found high-dose calcium supplementation associated with decreased risk of high systolic blood pressure in offspring at 5-7 years. Effects on growth, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental outcomes remain unclear due to insufficient data.
Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.
Meta-analysis of 13 double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs with 28,935 participants in the intervention group. Calcium supplements significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease, particularly in healthy postmenopausal women.
Calcium and dairy products in the chemoprevention of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of calcium and dairy products on colorectal adenomas. Calcium consumption reduced the risk of colorectal adenomas by 8%, with natural sources like dairy products showing more effectiveness than supplements. Total calcium intake also reduced the risk of advanced colorectal adenomas and adenoma recurrence.
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy and maternal and offspring bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 RCTs (n=1566) evaluating the impact of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and offspring bone mineral density (BMD) and offspring teeth firmness. No advantage was found on maternal or offspring BMD, with some suspicion of long-term harm on maternal BMD and female offspring growth. One study suggested benefit on offspring teeth firmness at 12 years old.
Effect of Calcium Fortified Foods on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of calcium fortified foods on health outcomes. Calcium intake increased in intervention groups, with benefits in children's height and bone health. Largest cost savings reported from prevented hip fractures in older women. Highlights evidence gaps for other outcomes and populations.
Calcium Intake and Iron Status in Human Studies: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials and Crossover Studies.
Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized trials and crossover studies examining the effects of calcium intake on iron absorption and iron status. The study found a statistically significant negative effect of calcium on short-term iron absorption, but the effect magnitude was low. The effect on iron status was mixed, with a significant inverse association between calcium intake and serum ferritin concentration, but no reduction in hemoglobin concentration.
Total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake and risk of all-cause cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the associations of total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. It included 36 publications in the systematic review and 35 in the meta-analysis. Total calcium intake was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality, while dietary calcium intake was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. Supplemental calcium intake was not significantly associated with mortality risk. A non-linear association between calcium intake and mortality risk was observed.
The effect of low serum calcium level on the severity and mortality of Covid patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between serum calcium levels and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. The study found that hypocalcemia is significantly associated with increased severity, mortality, hospitalization days, and ICU admission in COVID-19 patients.
Risk of keratinocyte carcinomas with vitamin D and calcium supplementation: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial assessing the effect of vitamin D3 and calcium supplementation on the risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 2259 participants. The study found no significant effect of vitamin D or calcium on BCC incidence, but calcium alone or with vitamin D may reduce SCC risk.
Calcium supplementation for improving bone density in lactating women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of five RCTs with 567 lactating women assessing calcium supplementation's effect on bone mineral density (BMD). Calcium supplementation showed no significant effect on BMD at the lumbar spine or forearm, with a small effect on total-hip BMD. Overall, calcium supplementation did not provide clinically important benefits for BMD in lactating women.
Clinical study of the tolerability of calcium carbonate–casein microcapsules as a dietary supplement in a group of postmenopausal women
This randomized, prospective, double-blind clinical trial investigated the tolerability of microencapsulated calcium carbonate (microCaCO3) as a dietary supplement in 208 postmenopausal women. The study found that microCaCO3 with a 90:10 mineral to protein ratio had the lowest mean Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale score, indicating better GI tolerability compared to conventional calcium carbonate and calcium citrate supplements.
The effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile in randomized controlled trials. Calcium supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in LDL-C levels, particularly with intakes of at least 1000 mg/day, over at least 12 weeks, and in individuals without dyslipidemia. However, calcium intake of less than 1000 mg/day increased Total Cholesterol levels.
Effects of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The supplementation significantly increased bone mineral density and reduced hip fracture incidence.
Circulating calcium levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the association between circulating calcium levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The analysis included 20 publications with 8 cohort studies, totaling 89,165 participants. Higher circulating calcium levels were associated with an increased risk of T2DM, with a pooled relative risk of 1.14 for albumin-adjusted serum calcium and 1.25 for serum total calcium.
Dietary Calcium Intake and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the relationship between dietary calcium intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. The analysis included 63,017 participants and found a significantly reduced risk of MetS associated with higher dietary calcium intake, particularly among women. Each 300 mg/day increase in calcium intake was associated with a 7% decrease in MetS risk.
The association between calcium supplement and preeclampsia and gestational hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 studies with 28,492 pregnant women investigating the effect of calcium supplementation on preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Calcium supplementation was associated with a lower incidence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, with high and moderate doses showing significant protective effects.
Effect of Calcium‑Vitamin D Co‑Supplementation on Insulin, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glycemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 RCTs with 4395 patients assessing the effect of calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on insulin, insulin sensitivity, and glycemia. Results showed significant reductions in fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, and circulating insulin levels, particularly with high doses and short-term supplementation.
Prepregnancy and early pregnancy calcium supplementation among women at high risk of pre-eclampsia: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
A multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial tested the effect of calcium supplementation before and during early pregnancy on preventing pre-eclampsia. The study involved 1355 women at high risk of pre-eclampsia, with calcium or placebo administered from prepregnancy until 20 weeks' gestation. The trial found no significant reduction in recurrent pre-eclampsia with calcium supplementation compared to placebo.
Total Calcium (Dietary and Supplementary) Intake and Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies with a total sample size of 905,046 participants, examining the association between total calcium intake (dietary and supplementary) and prostate cancer risk. The study found that high calcium intake is a significant risk factor for total prostate cancer.
Global inequities in dietary calcium intake during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing dietary calcium intake during pregnancy worldwide. The study found mean calcium intake was higher in high-income countries (948.3 mg/day) compared to low- and middle-income countries (647.6 mg/day), with many countries reporting intakes below 800 mg/day. Highlights the need for calcium supplementation in pregnant women in LMICs.
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems.
Meta-analysis of 27 studies involving 18,064 women assessing the effects of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on hypertensive disorders and related outcomes. High-dose calcium supplementation may reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth, particularly for women with low calcium diets, but may increase the risk of HELLP syndrome. Low-dose calcium supplementation also suggests a reduction in pre-eclampsia and hypertension, but further high-quality trials are needed.
Do not neglect calcium: a systematic review and meta-analysis (meta-regression) of its digestibility and utilisation in growing and finishing pigs.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 studies with 201 treatments on 1204 pigs was conducted to quantify factors affecting calcium absorption and utilisation. The study found that calcium absorption and retention increased with higher calcium intake, non-phytate-P intake, and exogenous phytase supplementation, but decreased with higher phytate-P intake. The analysis also identified interactions between exogenous phytase and calcium intake, and between phytate-P intake and exogenous phytase.
Effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of RCTs assessing the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure in adults. No meaningful effect on daytime office blood pressure was detected, though subgroup analysis indicated some evidence of elevated systolic blood pressure in male participants.
Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of 27 RCTs with 28,000 women evaluating calcium and vitamin D supplementation for reducing risk of preeclampsia. Calcium, vitamin D, and their combination were found to lower risk of preeclampsia compared to placebo, with varying efficacy rankings.
The Effect of Calcium or Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density in Healthy Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis examining the efficacy of calcium supplementation, with or without vitamin D, on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy males. Significant pooled effect sizes were found for BMD improvements at total body, total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine sites. Limited evidence supports supplementation for improving BMD in older males.
Calcium intake and risk of fracture: systematic review.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and observational studies examining calcium intake and fracture risk. Dietary calcium intake showed no association with fracture risk, while calcium supplements showed weak and inconsistent evidence for fracture prevention.
Health risks and benefits from calcium and vitamin D supplementation: Women's Health Initiative clinical trial and cohort study
The Women's Health Initiative clinical trial and cohort study examined the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on health outcomes in 36,282 postmenopausal women over an average of 7 years. The study found a reduction in hip fracture risk among women not taking personal supplements at baseline, but no significant effects on cardiovascular disease, colorectal cancer, or total mortality. There was suggestive evidence for a reduction in breast cancer risk.
Infusion of calcium and magnesium for oxaliplatin-induced sensory neurotoxicity in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies (four RCTs and three cohorts) with 1238 participants on the infusion of calcium and magnesium for oxaliplatin-induced sensory neurotoxicity in colorectal cancer. The meta-analysis found no significant reduction in neurotoxicity with calcium and magnesium infusion, nor any impairment in the efficacy of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.
Plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, and cortisol in sarcopenia: comparison with non-sarcopenic individuals and the impact of resistance exercise and nutrition interventions.
This post hoc analysis of an RCT compared neurotransmitter and hormone levels in 57 sarcopenic and 57 non-sarcopenic individuals. Sarcopenic patients received a 12-week intervention with resistance exercise and supplementation with branched-chain amino acids, calcium, and vitamin D3. Sarcopenic individuals had lower serotonin, adrenaline, and noradrenaline levels, but the intervention increased noradrenaline levels.
Beneficial Effects of Long-Lasting Bicarbonate-Sulfate-Calcium-Magnesium Water Intake on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)-Related Outcomes via Impacting Intestinal Permeability (IP), IP-Related Systemic Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress.
RCT of 87 MASLD patients comparing Fonte Essenziale mineral water intake plus a controlled nutritional regimen to the regimen alone over 12 months. Fonte Essenziale intake improved intestinal permeability, reduced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and improved hepatic steatosis and metabolic outcomes.
Acute C-Terminal Crosslinking Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTX-1) Suppression with Milk Calcium or Calcium Carbonate Is Independent of Visceral Fat in a Randomized Crossover Study in Lean and Overweight Postmenopausal Women.
Randomized crossover trial in 77 lean and overweight postmenopausal women assessing the effect of 1000 mg calcium from milk or calcium carbonate on bone resorption marker CTX-1. Both forms of calcium effectively suppressed CTX-1, independent of visceral fat levels.
Effect of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation With and Without Collagen Peptides on Volumetric and Areal Bone Mineral Density, Bone Geometry and Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Women With Osteopenia.
Randomized prospective study on postmenopausal women with osteopenia comparing supplementation of calcium and vitamin D with and without collagen peptides. Group A, receiving collagen peptides, showed significant improvements in trabecular and cortical bone mineral content and density, as well as decreased bone turnover markers, compared to Group B.
Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with and without collagen peptides on bone turnover in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.
Randomized prospective study on postmenopausal women with osteopenia comparing supplementation of calcium and vitamin D with or without collagen peptides. Group receiving collagen peptides showed significant decreases in P1NP and CTX levels, indicating reduced bone turnover, while the group without collagen peptides showed no changes.
The Evidence and Controversy Between Dietary Calcium Intake and Calcium Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and RCTs examining the association between dietary and supplemental calcium intake and cardiovascular disease risk. Dietary calcium intake did not affect CVD risk, while calcium supplements were associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
Calcium supplementation for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing calcium supplementation for preventing colorectal adenoma recurrence. The analysis found a modest protective effect of calcium, with a pooled risk ratio indicating reduced recurrence of adenomas. The number needed to treat was 20 to prevent one adenoma recurrence over 3 to 5 years.
Calcium Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Updated systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effects of calcium intake on cardiovascular disease among generally healthy adults. The analysis found no statistically significant differences in CVD risk or mortality between groups receiving calcium supplements and those receiving placebo. Cohort studies showed no consistent dose-response relationships between calcium intake and cardiovascular outcomes.
Dairy Product, Calcium Intake and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 studies (12 cohort and 20 case-control) examining the association between dairy products, calcium intake, and lung cancer risk. The study found no statistically significant association between dairy or calcium intake and lung cancer risk.
The effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on obesity in postmenopausal women: secondary analysis for a large-scale, placebo controlled, double-blind, 4-year longitudinal clinical trial
Secondary analysis of a 4-year RCT with 870 postmenopausal women examining the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on body composition. Calcium supplementation led to less trunk fat gain and more trunk lean maintenance compared to placebo, though no significant difference in BMI was observed.
Supplemental calcium in the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of calcium in reducing adenoma recurrence and colorectal cancer risk. Calcium supplementation showed a significant reduction in adenoma recurrence in individuals with a history of adenomas, but no effect in advanced adenoma or populations with no increased baseline risk for colorectal cancer.
Effect of calcium from dairy and dietary supplements on faecal fat excretion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the effect of calcium from dietary supplements or dairy products on faecal fat excretion. Increased calcium intake resulted in increased excretion of faecal fat, suggesting potential relevance for weight management.
Randomized controlled trial of the effects of calcium with or without vitamin D on bone structure and bone-related chemistry in elderly women with vitamin D insufficiency.
RCT of 302 elderly women with vitamin D insufficiency comparing calcium citrate with or without vitamin D2 supplementation for 1 year. Vitamin D supplementation showed no extra beneficial effect on bone structure, bone formation markers, or intestinal calcium absorption over calcium citrate alone.
[Vitrum osteomag in prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: results of the comparative open multicenter trial].
A multicenter comparative open trial investigated the efficacy of vitrum osteomag in 334 postmenopausal women with osteopenia. The study found that vitrum osteomag improved bone density and relieved pain in the back and joints, showing a preventive anti-osteoporotic effect compared to calcium carbonate alone and control.
Bioavailability of calcium in an enriched postbiotic system compared to calcium citrate in healthy postmenopausal females; A randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, crossover study
This randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, crossover study assessed the bioavailability of calcium from calcium-carrying Lactobacillus (Ca-LAB) and calcium-carrying Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ca-SC) compared to calcium citrate in 24 healthy postmenopausal women. Ca-LAB showed greater calcium bioavailability than calcium citrate, while Ca-SC had similar bioavailability to calcium citrate.
Negative calcium balance despite normal plasma ionized calcium concentrations during citrate anticoagulated continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) in ICU patients.
Retrospective observational cohort study of ICU patients undergoing citrate anticoagulated continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH). The study developed an equation to calculate calcium excretion and found that calcium balance was negative in most patients, suggesting potential skeletal demineralization.
A Multi-Mineral Intervention to Modulate Colonic Mucosal Protein Profile: Results from a 90-Day Trial in Human Subjects.
A 90-day RCT with 30 human subjects at risk for colorectal cancer compared Aquamin, a multi-mineral supplement, to calcium alone and placebo. Aquamin reduced Ki67 expression and increased CK20 and p21 expression, suggesting beneficial effects on colonic protein expression profiles.
Randomised Controlled Trial of Nutritional Supplement on Bone Turnover Markers in Indian Premenopausal Women.
RCT examining the effects of a protein-rich beverage powder fortified with calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K on bone metabolism in Indian premenopausal women. The study showed favorable changes in bone turnover markers and calcium homeostasis, suggesting potential for improved bone health.
The effects of multi mineral-vitamin D and vitamins (C+E) supplementation in the prevention of preeclampsia: An RCT
RCT of 90 pregnant women divided into three groups to test the effect of multimineral-vitamin D supplements and vitamins C+E on preeclampsia prevention. Group A, receiving multimineral-vitamin D, showed a significantly lower incidence of preeclampsia and neonatal complications compared to the control group.
Effect of Combined Use of Calcium and Vitamin B6 on Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Double-blind RCT on 76 students to assess the impact of combined calcium and vitamin B6 on premenstrual syndrome symptoms. The combined group showed a more significant reduction in symptom severity compared to the vitamin B6 only group.
Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Meta-analysis of prospective studies examining the association between dairy products, calcium intake, and prostate cancer risk. High intakes of dairy products, milk, low-fat milk, cheese, and dietary calcium were associated with increased prostate cancer risk, while supplemental calcium was linked to increased risk of fatal prostate cancer.
Calcium and α-tocopherol suppress cured-meat promotion of chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in rats and reduce associated biomarkers in human volunteers.
The study investigated the effects of calcium carbonate and alpha-tocopherol on cured meat-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats and associated biomarkers in rats and humans. Calcium normalized biomarkers of nitrosation and lipoperoxidation in both rats and humans, while tocopherol decreased nitro compounds in rats and lipoperoxidation in humans. Both substances reduced mucin-depleted foci in rat colons.
Possible site-specific effect of an intervention combining nutrition and lifestyle counselling with consumption of fortified dairy products on bone mass: the Postmenopausal Health Study II.
RCT of 115 postmenopausal women examining the effect of fortified dairy products enriched with calcium, vitamin D3, and either vitamin K1 or K2 on bone mineral density (BMD). Total BMD significantly increased in all intervention groups compared to control, with additional benefits for L2-L4 BMD in groups receiving vitamin K1 or K2.
Calcium does not inhibit the absorption of 5 milligrams of nonheme or heme iron at doses less than 800 milligrams in nonpregnant women.
RCT with 54 healthy, nonpregnant women to evaluate the effects of calcium on iron absorption. Calcium doses ≥1000 mg reduced nonheme iron absorption by 49.6%, and 800 mg reduced heme iron absorption by 37.7%. The study demonstrated an isolated effect of calcium on iron absorption.
Effect of calcium fortified milk supplementation with or without vitamin K on biochemical markers of bone turnover in premenopausal women.
RCT comparing the effect of high calcium skim milk with or without added vitamin K on bone turnover markers in 82 premenopausal women over 16 weeks. Both supplemented groups showed significant reductions in bone turnover markers compared to control, while vitamin K improved vitamin K status but did not add to bone turnover effects.
Positive effects of a chicken eggshell powder-enriched vitamin-mineral supplement on femoral neck bone mineral density in healthy late post-menopausal Dutch women.
RCT evaluating the effects of chicken eggshell powder and purified CaCO3 on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy late post-menopausal women. After 12 months, the eggshell powder group showed a significant increase in femoral neck BMD compared to placebo, with decreases in markers of bone resorption and formation.
Karakteristik kimia dan fungsional minuman instan kecambah kedelai terfortifikasi kalsium
The study investigates the chemical and functional composition of instant soybean sprout milk fortified with calcium. It examines the effects of different types and concentrations of calcium on vitamins C and E, as well as antioxidant activity. Calcium lactate fortification showed the highest improvements in chemical composition and antioxidant activity.
Development and Physicochemical Evaluation of a Herb-Based Calcium Supplement Tablet: Asthiposhak Vati
The study focuses on the development and physicochemical evaluation of a novel Ayurvedic calcium supplement tablet formulated with various herbs. The tablets were analyzed for physicochemical properties and found to comply with Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India standards, suggesting potential as a viable natural calcium supplement.
Calcium-Vitamin D Co-supplementation Affects Metabolic Profiles, but not Pregnancy Outcomes, in Healthy Pregnant Women
RCT of 42 pregnant women evaluating the effects of calcium and Vitamin D co-supplementation on metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes. The supplementation improved metabolic profiles, reducing serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and increasing plasma total antioxidant capacity, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and calcium levels, but did not affect pregnancy outcomes.
Calcium phosphate supplementation increases faecal Lactobacillus spp. in a randomised trial of young adults.
Two randomised, double-blind, crossover trials investigated the effects of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate supplementation on faecal Lactobacillus spp. in healthy adults. Calcium phosphate co-administration with a probiotic significantly enhanced faecal Lactobacillus spp. counts compared to baseline, suggesting improved gastrointestinal survival of Lactobacillus spp.
The effects of a calcium-rich pre-exercise meal on biomarkers of calcium homeostasis in competitive female cyclists: a randomised crossover trial.
Randomized crossover trial with 32 female cyclists examining the effects of a calcium-rich pre-exercise meal on bone calcium homeostasis. The calcium-rich meal attenuated exercise-induced increases in markers of bone resorption, PTH and CTX-I, compared to a control meal.
The bioavailability of calcium in the form of pyruvate, carbonate, citrate–malate in healthy postmenopausal women
This study investigated the bioavailability of calcium pyruvate compared to calcium citrate malate and calcium carbonate in a double-blind, four-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 12 healthy postmenopausal women. The study found no statistically significant difference in the area under the plasma concentration curve between the supplement groups, but noted gastrointestinal side effects with calcium pyruvate.
Effect of GutsyGum(tm), A Novel Gum, on Subjective Ratings of Gastro Esophageal Reflux Following A Refluxogenic Meal.
This double-blind, placebo-controlled-crossover trial evaluated the efficacy of GutsyGum(tm), containing calcium carbonate and a proprietary blend of licorice extract, papain, and apple cider vinegar, in alleviating gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms. The study found that GutsyGum(tm) significantly reduced heartburn and acid reflux scores compared to placebo gum in 24 participants with a history of GER.
Comparative effects of continuous combined hormone therapy and tibolone on body composition in postmenopausal women.
RCT comparing the effects of tibolone and continuous combined hormone therapy on body composition in 150 postmenopausal women. Tibolone significantly increased weight, BMI, and fat-free mass, while continuous combined hormone therapy increased weight and BMI. The control group also showed increases in weight, BMI, and fat mass.
Comparative effects of conventional hormone replacement therapy and tibolone on climacteric symptoms and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.
RCT comparing tibolone and conventional hormone replacement therapy (CEE/MPA) on climacteric symptoms and sexual function in 140 postmenopausal women. Both tibolone and CEE/MPA improved climacteric symptoms, but tibolone showed greater improvements in sexual function and hormone indices compared to CEE/MPA.
Effect of milk and calcium supplementation on bone density and bone turnover in pregnant Chinese women: a randomized controlled trail.
RCT of 36 pregnant Chinese women with low calcium intake, examining effects of calcium and milk supplementation on bone mineral density and bone turnover. Calcium/milk supplementation increased BMD at the spine and whole body and suppressed bone resorption compared to controls.
Meals and dephytinization affect calcium and zinc absorption in Nigerian children with rickets.
RCT comparing the effects of high-phytate meals and enzymatic dephytinization on calcium and zinc absorption in Nigerian children with and without rickets. Calcium absorption was greater with a meal, while zinc absorption was lower. Enzymatic dephytinization increased zinc absorption but did not affect calcium absorption.
Short-term high dietary calcium intake during bedrest has no effect on markers of bone turnover in healthy men.
Two bedrest experiments with crossover design studied the effect of 1000 mg/d and 2000 mg/d calcium intake on bone turnover markers in healthy men. Doubling calcium intake to 2000 mg/d did not prevent increased bone resorption induced by bedrest.
Calcium absorption from fortified ice cream formulations compared with calcium absorption from milk.
RCT comparing calcium absorption from two calcium-fortified ice cream formulations and milk in 16 healthy volunteers. Calcium bioavailability from the ice cream formulations was as high as from milk, suggesting ice cream as a potential vehicle for calcium delivery.
Dietary calcium does not exacerbate phytate inhibition of zinc absorption by women from conventional diets.
This study tested the effect of dietary calcium on zinc absorption in 10 healthy women consuming diets with varying calcium and phytate levels. Results showed that while phytate reduced zinc absorption, calcium did not affect zinc absorption regardless of phytate content.
Calcium absorption from commonly consumed vegetables in healthy Thai women.
The study measured calcium absorption from ivy gourd and winged bean young pods in 19 healthy Thai women using a 3-way crossover design. Calcium absorption from these vegetables was lower than from milk but still relatively good, suggesting they can be recommended as alternative calcium sources.
Calcium plus vitamin D alters preneoplastic features of colorectal adenomas and rectal mucosa.
RCT involving 19 patients to study the effects of calcium carbonate and vitamin D3 on colorectal adenomas and rectal mucosa. The treatment group showed reduced proliferative indices in both flat mucosa and polyps, with significant changes in BAK-immunostained cells and MUC5AC mucin staining.
Inhibitory effects of dietary calcium on the initial uptake and subsequent retention of heme and nonheme iron in humans: comparisons using an intestinal lavage method.
RCT using whole-gut lavage and whole-body counting to measure the effects of calcium supplementation on the initial uptake and retention of heme and nonheme iron in humans. Calcium reduced the initial uptake of heme iron by 20% and total iron absorption by approximately 25%, without significantly affecting nonheme-iron absorption.
Initial uptake and absorption of nonheme iron and absorption of heme iron in humans are unaffected by the addition of calcium as cheese to a meal with high iron bioavailability.
RCT measuring the effects of adding calcium as cheese to a meal on the uptake and absorption of heme and nonheme iron in 17 healthy adults. The study found that calcium did not affect the absorption of either form of iron.
Calcium requirements of breast-feeding mothers.
A randomized, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of 1000 mg/day calcium supplementation during breastfeeding and weaning in women with low dietary calcium intake. The supplementation had no impact on breast milk calcium concentration or lactation-associated bone mineral changes, but modestly increased spine bone mineral density in both lactating and nonlactating women.
Calcium supplementation and plasma ferritin concentrations in premenopausal women.
RCT examining the effect of calcium supplementation on iron stores in 109 healthy, premenopausal women. No significant differences in plasma ferritin concentrations or other iron-related measures were observed between the calcium and control groups over 12 weeks.
Calcium and vitamin D supplements: effects on calcium metabolism in elderly people.
RCT studying the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on calcium metabolism in 193 elderly French people. Supplementation with calcium and ergocalciferol increased serum calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, decreased parathyroid hormone levels, and reduced biochemical signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Supplementation of Naturally Fermented Solutions (NFS) to Production Management of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) Grown in Isabela, Philippines
The study evaluated the supplementation of Naturally Fermented Solutions (NFS) to strawberry production in Isabela, Philippines, comparing different treatments including vermitea and combinations of other fermented solutions. Vermitea added with NFS increased strawberry production, with the highest yield recorded using the Sweet Charlie variety, achieving a high return on investment.
Onset of acid-neutralizing action of a calcium/magnesium carbonate-based antacid using an artificial stomach model: an in vitro evaluation
In vitro study using an artificial stomach model to evaluate the onset of acid-neutralizing action of Rennie, a calcium/magnesium carbonate-based antacid. Rennie achieved a pH of 3.0 within 40 seconds and maintained a maximum pH of 5.24 for almost 10 minutes, significantly reducing pepsin activity compared to placebo.