Research
Beta-Alanine
106 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Explosive Lower Limb Performance in Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of 35 RCTs involving 838 volleyball athletes examining 13 different supplements. Beta-alanine showed the greatest improvement in vertical jump and peak power, followed by creatine and caffeine for vertical jump height. Findings are based on low-to-moderate certainty evidence.
Dosing strategies for β-alanine supplementation in strength and power performance: a systematic review.
This systematic review examines the impact of dosing strategies for beta-alanine supplementation on strength and power performance in resistance-trained individuals. It finds that daily doses of 4-6.4g, especially when divided into smaller servings, are more effective in enhancing maximal strength and power outcomes compared to high total doses in sustained-release formats or single large servings.
Effect of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Maximal Intensity Exercise in Trained Young Male Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on maximal intensity exercise in trained young male individuals. Analyzing 18 studies with 331 participants, the review found significant positive effects of beta-alanine on exercise performance, particularly with 4 weeks of supplementation, during 4-10 minutes of maximal effort, and with high dosages of 5.6-6.4 g per day.
Beta-Alanine for Improving Exercise Capacity, Muscle Strength, and Functional Performance of Older Adults: A Systematic Review.
Systematic review of beta-alanine supplementation effects on exercise capacity, muscle strength, and functional performance in older adults. Exercise capacity may improve with dosages of 2.4 to 3.2 g/day, but muscle strength and functional performance are not significantly impacted.
β-Alanine Supplementation in Combat Sports: Evaluation of Sports Performance, Perception, and Anthropometric Parameters and Biochemical Markers-A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.
Systematic review of clinical trials evaluating the impact of β-alanine supplementation on sports performance, perception, and anthropometric parameters in combat athletes. Performance parameters related to strength, power, and total exercise work capacity improved significantly, while perception and anthropometric parameters showed non-significant changes. Carnosine levels increased significantly, suggesting β-alanine as a safe nutritional ergogenic aid.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on body composition: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on body composition indices. The analysis of 20 studies with 492 participants found that beta-alanine supplementation has no significant effect on body mass, fat mass, body fat percentage, or fat-free mass. The certainty of evidence ranged from low to moderate.
Effect of β-alanine and sodium bicarbonate co-supplementation on the body's buffering capacity and sports performance: A systematic review.
Systematic review of nine studies with 221 athletes on the effects of beta alanine and sodium bicarbonate co-supplementation. Five studies showed additional improvement in buffering capacity and performance, while one found effects comparable to individual supplements. Recommended for high intensity exercises lasting 30s to 10min.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on Yo-Yo test performance: A meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis exploring the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on Yo-Yo test performance. Significant ergogenic effects were found when supplementation lasted between 6 and 12 weeks and when using the level 2 variants of the Yo-Yo test.
Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Provides No Evidence of Intervention Response Variation in Individuals Supplementing With Beta-Alanine.
Meta-analysis of individual participant data on beta-alanine supplementation's effect on high-intensity cycling capacity. The study found a group effect of beta-alanine on time to exhaustion and muscle carnosine, but variation in time to exhaustion was attributed to external factors rather than the supplement itself.
The Muscle Carnosine Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation: A Systematic Review With Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of beta-alanine supplementation's effect on muscle carnosine content. The study found that beta-alanine increases muscle carnosine content, with a large capacity for non-linear accumulation. Common supplementation protocols may not saturate muscle carnosine content, and nearly all participants respond to supplementation.
Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Physical Performance in Aerobic-Anaerobic Transition Zones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 studies analyzing the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on physical performance in aerobic-anaerobic transition zones. The analysis revealed small effects for time in the Time Trial Test and Limited Time Test, and a large effect for the Limited Distance Test.
β-alanine supplementation to improve exercise capacity and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 studies with 1461 participants examining the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise capacity and performance. Significant overall effect size of 0.18 was found, with exercise duration and type significantly moderating effect sizes. Co-supplementation with sodium bicarbonate showed the largest effect size.
Effects of β-alanine supplementation on exercise performance: a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis of 15 studies with 360 participants examining the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance. Beta-alanine improved exercise measures more than placebo, particularly for exercises lasting 60-240 seconds and over 240 seconds, but not for exercises under 60 seconds.
Role of β-Alanine Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Mood, and Physical Function in Older Adults; Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study.
This double-blind RCT investigated the effects of 10 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on cognitive function, mood, and physical performance in 100 older adults. Significant improvements in cognitive function were observed in participants with baseline cognitive scores at or below normal. A decrease in depression scores was also noted in the beta-alanine group.
A Systematic Risk Assessment and Meta-Analysis on the Use of Oral β-Alanine Supplementation.
A systematic risk assessment and meta-analysis of oral beta-alanine supplementation, including 101 human and 50 animal studies. Paraesthesia was the only reported side effect with an estimated OR of 8.9. Beta-alanine supplementation caused a small increase in circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration, but no main effect on skeletal muscle taurine or histidine concentration in humans. In murine models, a main effect on taurine concentration was observed only at high doses.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance and muscle fatigue in athletes and non-athletes of different sports: a systematic review.
Systematic review of 23 studies on beta-alanine supplementation in athletes and non-athletes. BA supplementation improved perceived exertion and biochemical parameters related to muscle fatigue, but showed less evidence for improvement in performance metrics like total work and exercise performance time.
The effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance: a systematic review of the literature.
Systematic review of beta-alanine supplementation effects on exercise and athletic performance. Moderate to high quality studies suggest beta-alanine may increase power output, working capacity, and have positive effects on body composition and carnosine content. Safety and side effects are under-reported, recommending caution in use.
Beta-alanine supplementation improves time to exhaustion, but not aerobic capacity, in competitive middle- and long-distance runners.
RCT of 27 adolescent middle- and long-distance runners examining the effects of 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation. The beta-alanine group showed a 6.5% increase in time to exhaustion compared to 1.4% in the placebo group, with no significant changes in aerobic capacity.
β-alanine supplementation in adults with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled feasibility trial.
RCT assessing the feasibility and tolerability of beta-alanine supplementation in 27 adults with overweight and obesity. Beta-alanine was well tolerated and adhered to, but the probability of affecting cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, or clinical biochemical outcomes was low.
High-dose beta-alanine supplementation for two weeks did not enhance intermittent endurance or sprint performance in trained futsal players.
This randomized, double-blind study investigated the effects of high-dose beta-alanine supplementation on physical performance, blood lactate concentration, and ratings of perceived exertion in 16 trained futsal players over two weeks. The study found no significant ergogenic impact on intermittent endurance, sprint performance, blood lactate levels, or perceived exertion.
Effects of β-Alanine Supplementation on Subjects Performing High-Intensity Functional Training.
RCT assessing the impact of 4-week β-alanine supplementation on neuromuscular fatigue and sports performance in individuals performing High-Intensity Functional Training. The β-alanine group showed significant improvements in vertical jump and jumping power, but no changes in fatigue or perceived intensity.
Impact of Beta-Alanine, Caffeine, and Their Combination on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure at Rest and After Resistance Training.
This placebo-controlled, triple-blind, balanced crossover study investigated the effects of caffeine (200 mg), beta-alanine (3 g), and their combination on intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest and after resistance training in 20 young men. Caffeine and the combination with beta-alanine caused an acute IOP rise at rest, while beta-alanine alone did not affect IOP, OPP, or MAP levels. After resistance training, IOP, OPP, and MAP levels reduced, independent of the supplement consumed.
Effect of high-dose β-Alanine supplementation on uphill cycling performance in World Tour cyclists: A randomised controlled trial.
A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial was conducted to assess the effect of high-dose beta-alanine supplementation on uphill cycling performance in World Tour cyclists during a 7-day camp. Beta-alanine supplementation improved the relative mean power and reduced the time needed to complete an uphill time trial compared to the control group. No significant changes were found in physiological and metabolic variables.
Effects of acute beta-alanine supplementation on post-exertion rating of per-ceived exertion, heart rate, blood lactate, and physical performance on the 6-minute race test in middle-distance runners.
Quasi-experimental, double-blind, crossover study on 12 male middle-distance athletes testing acute beta-alanine supplementation. No significant differences were found in 6-MRT performance, but both doses of beta-alanine reduced post-exertion RPE, and the high dose increased post-exertion blood lactate.
Efficacy of 12 weeks oral beta-alanine supplementation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 40 COPD patients assessing 12 weeks of oral beta-alanine supplementation (3.2 g/day). Beta-alanine increased muscle carnosine levels significantly compared to placebo, but did not lead to significant changes in exercise capacity, quadriceps function, or muscle oxidative/carbonyl stress.
Effect of 8-Week β-Alanine Supplementation on CRP, IL-6, Body Composition, and Bio-Motor Abilities in Elite Male Basketball Players.
RCT evaluating the effect of 8-week beta-alanine supplementation on CRP, IL-6, body composition, and bio-motor abilities in 20 elite male basketball players. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly decreased CRP and IL-6 levels and increased anaerobic peak power compared to placebo.
Effects of Four Weeks of Beta-Alanine Supplementation Combined with One Week of Creatine Loading on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Military Personnel
RCT investigating the effects of a 7-day creatine loading protocol at the end of four weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on physical and cognitive performance in 20 male military personnel. The BA + Cr group showed significant improvements in physical performance, mathematical processing, vertical jump performance, and testosterone levels compared to the BA + PL group.
Acute Supplementation with Beta-Alanine Improves Performance in Aerobic-Anaerobic Transition Zones in Endurance Athletes.
Randomized cross-over, double-blind study on 12 male endurance athletes to assess the acute effect of low and high-dose beta-alanine on maximal aerobic speed. Both doses significantly improved performance compared to baseline, with no significant difference between the doses.
Evaluation of High-Intensity Interval Training and Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Efficiency of Electrical Activity and Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold.
RCT evaluating the effects of high-intensity interval training with or without beta-alanine supplementation on electromyographic fatigue threshold and efficiency of electrical activity in 44 young women. No changes in electromyographic fatigue threshold were observed, and efficiency of electrical activity was altered potentially due to a learning effect.
Effects of Acute Beta-Alanine Ingestion and Immersion-Plus-Exercise on Connectedness to Nature and Perceived Pain.
This double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study examined the effect of acute Beta Alanine ingestion on perceived pain and connectedness to nature during outdoor exercise. Twenty participants completed a hike after consuming either Beta Alanine or placebo. Beta Alanine increased perceived pain sensations, but no differences in heart rate or perceived exertion were observed.
The effect of β-alanine supplementation on high intensity cycling capacity in normoxia and hypoxia.
This study examined the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on high intensity cycling capacity in normoxia and hypoxia. In a double-blind design, 19 males were supplemented with beta-alanine or placebo for 28 days. Beta-alanine supplementation had no significant effect on exercise capacity in either normoxia or hypoxia.
Beta-alanine did not improve high-intensity performance throughout simulated road cycling.
This placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on high-intensity cycling performance in 17 cyclists. Despite increasing muscle carnosine content, beta-alanine did not improve short-duration sprint performance or 4-km uphill time-trial performance during a simulated road race cycling protocol.
Kinetics of Muscle Carnosine Decay after β-Alanine Supplementation: A 16-wk Washout Study.
This study investigated the kinetics of carnosine washout in human skeletal muscle over 16 weeks following β-alanine supplementation. Muscle carnosine content increased significantly in the β-alanine group and decreased after cessation of supplementation, with a similar decay observed in high-intensity exercise tolerance. The study suggests that carnosine washout takes 12-16 weeks to complete.
One-Week High-Dose β-Alanine Loading Improves World Tour Cyclists' Time-Trial Performance.
RCT investigating the effects of one-week high-dose beta-alanine loading on world tour cyclists' time-trial performance. The beta-alanine group showed improved mean power, distance travelled, and total work compared to placebo, with higher lactate and anion gap levels.
The effect of multi-ingredient intra- versus extra-cellular buffering supplementation combined with branched-chain amino acids and creatine on exercise-induced ammonia blood concentration and aerobic capacity in taekwondo athletes.
This study investigated the effect of intra- (beta-alanine) versus extra- (sodium bicarbonate) cellular buffering supplementation, combined with branched-chain amino acids and creatine malate, on exercise-induced ammonia blood concentration and aerobic capacity in 9 elite taekwondo athletes. The maximum post-exercise blood ammonia concentration decreased in both groups, indicating reduced ATP degradation, but no differences were found in body composition, aerobic capacity, or hematological parameters.
Effects of High-Dose, Short-Duration β-Alanine Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Mood, and Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) in Recreationally-Active Males Before Simulated Military Operational Stress.
RCT of 19 recreationally-active males examining the effects of 14 days of high-dose beta-alanine supplementation on cognitive function, mood, and circulating BDNF concentrations before a simulated military operation. No changes in cognitive function or BDNF were observed, but beta-alanine reduced feelings of depression.
Effect of β-Alanine Supplementation on Monocyte Recruitment and Cognition During a 24-Hour Simulated Military Operation.
RCT examining the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on cognition and monocyte recruitment during a 24-hour simulated military operation in 19 healthy men. No significant effect of beta-alanine was noted on cognition or monocyte recruitment variables.
Beta-alanine fails to improve on 5000 m running time despite increasing PAT1 expression in long-distance runners.
This double-blind, randomized study evaluated the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on running performance and PAT1 expression in 16 long-distance runners. Beta-alanine increased PAT1 expression but did not significantly improve 5000 m running performance.
Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance.
Double-blind placebo-controlled study of 13 competitive swimmers over 6 weeks, ingesting 4.8g/day of β-alanine or placebo. The study found no significant effects of β-alanine supplementation on metabolic contribution or swimming performance during a 400-m freestyle swim.
Nutritional supplementation boosts aerobic exercise effects on functional brain systems.
RCT comparing effects of walking with and without beta-alanine supplementation on functional brain networks in inactive healthy older adults. Walking with beta-alanine increased salience network functional connectivity, though cognitive performance did not increase for any group. Beta-alanine supplementation may enhance aerobic exercise benefits on brain health.
Oral nutritional supplement fortified with beta-alanine improves physical working capacity in older adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.
This randomized, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of an oral nutritional supplement fortified with beta-alanine on body composition, muscle function, and physical capacity in older adults. Significant increases in physical working capacity were observed in groups receiving beta-alanine, suggesting improvements in physical performance and muscle function.
High-velocity intermittent running: effects of beta-alanine supplementation.
RCT evaluating the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on high-intensity running performance, critical velocity, and anaerobic running capacity in 50 recreationally trained men. No significant ergogenic effects were found on these performance metrics.
Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players.
RCT examining the effect of 30 days of beta-alanine supplementation in collegiate football players on anaerobic performance. Beta-alanine group showed higher training volumes and lower subjective feelings of fatigue compared to placebo, indicating potential benefits for physical performance and recovery.
Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 55 men examining the effects of 4 weeks of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on endurance performance. Significant time effects were observed for the combination on 5 of the 8 parameters measured, suggesting potential enhancement of endurance performance.
Effects of twenty-eight days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold.
This double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on neuromuscular fatigue in 51 untrained men. Beta-alanine supplementation increased physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold compared to placebo, but creatine monohydrate did not show additional benefits.
The absorption of orally supplied beta-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis.
The study investigated the absorption of orally supplied beta-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis. Beta-alanine was administered in various forms and doses, resulting in significant increases in muscle carnosine levels. Plasma taurine increased with beta-alanine ingestion, but no increased loss via urine was observed.
Influences of Beta-Alanine and l-Histidine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Carnosine Content, and mRNA Expression of Carnosine-Related Enzymes in Broilers
The study investigated the effects of dietary l-histidine and beta-alanine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, carnosine content, and gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers. Supplementation did not affect growth performance metrics but improved meat quality and antioxidant capacity, enhanced carnosine and anserine content, and upregulated gene expression related to carnosine synthesis.
The Effect of Beta-Alanine versus Alkaline Agent Supplementation Combined with Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Creatine Malate in Highly-Trained Sprinters and Endurance Athletes: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study.
This randomized double-blind crossover study evaluated the effects of beta-alanine versus alkaline agent supplementation combined with BCAAs and creatine malate in 31 elite athletes. Beta-alanine supplementation increased fat-free mass in sprinters and decreased post-exercise blood ammonia concentration in both sprinters and endurance athletes, indicating improved exercise adaptation.
Effect of β-alanine supplementation during high-intensity interval training on repeated sprint ability performance and neuromuscular fatigue.
This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation during a high-intensity interval training program on repeated sprint ability performance and neuromuscular fatigue in 18 men. Beta-alanine supplementation increased muscle carnosine content and attenuated neuromuscular fatigue, contributing to enhanced repeated sprint performance.
A Pilot Study to Examine the Impact of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Anaerobic Exercise Performance in Collegiate Rugby Athletes
Pilot study evaluating the impact of six weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on anaerobic performance in collegiate rugby players. No significant effects on body composition, muscular strength, endurance, or sprinting performance were detected.
Distinct Effects of Repeated-Sprint Training in Normobaric Hypoxia and β-Alanine Supplementation.
RCT evaluating the effects of repeated-sprint training in normobaric hypoxia and beta-alanine supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic performance in recreationally active men. Beta-alanine supplementation maintained anaerobic working capacity, but did not enhance repeated-sprint performance or attenuate fatigue.
Effects of β-alanine supplementation during a 5-week strength training program: a randomized, controlled study.
RCT of 30 strength-trained individuals comparing beta-alanine supplementation to placebo during a 5-week resistance training program. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly improved average power at 1RM and maximum power output compared to placebo.
The effect of two β-alanine dosing strategies on 30-minute rowing performance: a randomized, controlled trial.
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of two β-alanine dosing strategies on 30-minute rowing and subsequent sprint performance in 27 male rowers. The study found that daily β-alanine supplementation increased total 30-min time-trial distance and power output, but no significant effects were observed for sprint performance.
Beta-Alanine Does Not Enhance the Effects of Resistance Training in Older Adults.
RCT investigating the effects of 3.2g/day beta-alanine supplementation on muscular endurance in older adults during a 12-week resistance-training program. No significant effects of beta-alanine were found on anthropometrics or strength measures, except for improvements in 1RM leg press due to resistance training.
Effects of 4 weeks of β-alanine supplementation on aerobic fitness in water polo players.
RCT investigating the effects of 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on aerobic fitness in 22 male national competitive level water polo players. The study found mixed results, with a possibly beneficial effect on peak oxygen uptake and significant changes in critical force and curvature constant parameter in the beta-alanine group.
Beta-alanine supplementation improves isometric, but not isotonic or isokinetic strength endurance in recreationally strength-trained young men.
RCT of 20 recreationally strength-trained males assessing the effects of 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation (6.4g/day) on strength endurance. Beta-alanine improved isometric endurance by ~17%, but had no significant effect on isotonic or isokinetic endurance.
Effects of β-alanine supplementation on physical performance, cognition, endocrine function, and inflammation during a 24 h simulated military operation.
RCT of 19 males examining the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on physical performance, cognition, endocrine function, and inflammation during a 24-hour simulated military operation. Beta-alanine maintained some aspects of cognition and physical performance, with no effects on endocrine function or inflammation.
No Effect of β-alanine on Muscle Function and Kayak Performance.
RCT investigating the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle function and kayak performance in elite rowers. The study found no significant effect of beta-alanine on muscular fatigue development or kayak ergometer performance.
β-Alanine Supplementation's Improvement of High-Intensity Game Activities in Water Polo.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT with 11 male water polo players to assess the effects of 4 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation. The beta-alanine group showed significant improvement in total sprint numbers and likely beneficial effects on total distance covered and time spent in speed zone 4 during a simulated water polo game.
Comparison of Two β-Alanine Dosing Protocols on Muscle Carnosine Elevations.
RCT comparing two beta-alanine dosing protocols on muscle carnosine levels in 18 men and 12 women. Both 6g and 12g beta-alanine doses increased muscle carnosine compared to placebo, with the 12g dose using a sustained-release formulation to reduce paresthesia symptoms.
Six weeks of β-alanine supplementation did not enhance repeated-sprint ability or technical performances in young elite basketball players.
RCT investigating the effects of 6 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on repeated sprint ability and technical performances in 27 young elite basketball players. No improvements were observed in repeated sprint ability or technical performances.
β-Alanine supplementation elevates intramuscular carnosine content and attenuates fatigue in men and women similarly but does not change muscle l-histidine content.
RCT of 26 men and women comparing 28 days of beta-alanine supplementation to placebo. Beta-alanine increased muscle carnosine content and attenuated exercise fatigue in both sexes, but did not change muscle l-histidine content.
Effects of Plyometric Training and Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Maximal-Intensity Exercise and Endurance in Female Soccer Players
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested the effects of plyometric training with or without beta-alanine supplementation on maximal-intensity and endurance performance in female soccer players. The beta-alanine group showed greater improvements in endurance, repeated sprinting, and jumping performances compared to the control group.
β-alanine supplementation improves in-vivo fresh and fatigued skeletal muscle relaxation speed.
RCT with 23 males examining the effect of 28-day beta-alanine supplementation on muscle relaxation speed. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly reduced muscle half-relaxation time in both fresh and fatigued muscle conditions, suggesting potential benefits in minimizing contractile slowing induced by fatigue.
Beta-Alanine Supplementation Improves Throwing Velocities in Repeated Sprint Ability and 200-m Swimming Performance in Young Water Polo Players.
RCT investigating the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on water polo performance in 15 young players. Beta-alanine improved ball velocity in repeated sprint ability tests, maintained performance in 30-s maximal tethered eggbeater kicks, and showed possibly beneficial effects in 200-m swimming performance over six weeks.
Effects of 28-Day Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Isokinetic Exercise Performance and Body Composition in Female Masters Athletes.
This double-blind randomized study examined the effects of 28-day beta-alanine supplementation on isokinetic exercise performance and body composition in female masters athletes. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly increased lower-body exercise performance, as measured by peak torque and work completed, but had no effect on handgrip strength or body composition.
Effects of β-Alanine on Body Composition and Performance Measures in Collegiate Women.
This study evaluated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation and resistance training on body composition and performance in 16 untrained collegiate females over 8 weeks. Beta-alanine supplementation improved lower-body muscular endurance but had no additive effects on body composition or maximal strength.
Additive Benefits of β-Alanine Supplementation and Sprint-Interval Training.
This placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation, alone and combined with sprint-interval training (SIT), on cycling performance in 14 trained cyclists. Beta-alanine supplementation improved sprint performance, training intensity, and supramaximal cycling time to exhaustion compared to placebo, while both groups showed similar improvements in 4- and 10-km time trial performance.
β-Alanine supplementation slightly enhances repeated plyometric performance after high-intensity training in humans.
RCT of 27 regularly trained young males and females comparing beta-alanine supplementation to placebo over 8 weeks. Beta-alanine group showed slight improvement in explosive force after 45 maximal consecutive jumps, with increased blood lactate levels compared to placebo.
Incremental effects of 28 days of beta-alanine supplementation on high-intensity cycling performance and blood lactate in masters female cyclists.
Double-blind RCT with 22 female masters athletes examining the effects of 28 days of beta-alanine supplementation on cycling performance. Beta-alanine increased time to exhaustion and total work completed, and improved lactate clearance compared to placebo.
The effect of β-alanine supplementation on cycling time trials of different length.
This placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on cycling performance in 14 trained cyclists. Beta-alanine significantly increased time to exhaustion and may have improved 4-km time trial performance, but did not affect 1- and 10-km time trial performance.
Effects of Acute Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Anaerobic Performance in Trained Female Cyclists.
RCT evaluating the effects of an acute dose of 1.6 g beta-alanine on anaerobic performance in 12 trained female cyclists. No significant effect on performance or physiological variables was observed, but a decrease in rating of perceived exertion was noted during anaerobic activities.
β-Alanine ingestion increases muscle carnosine content and combat specific performance in soldiers.
RCT examining the effect of beta-alanine ingestion on muscle carnosine levels and combat-specific performance in 18 soldiers. Beta-alanine increased muscle carnosine content and improved performance in the 50-m casualty carry and cognitive function under stress, but no changes were observed in brain carnosine content.
Beta-alanine supplementation improves jumping power and affects severe-intensity performance in professional alpine skiers.
RCT with nine male elite alpine skiers consuming 4.8 g/d beta-alanine or placebo for 5 weeks. Beta-alanine improved maximal and mean countermovement jump power, reduced oxygen deficit and lactate accumulation, and enhanced aerobic energy contribution in severe-intensity performance tests.
Additive effects of beta-alanine and sodium bicarbonate on upper-body intermittent performance.
RCT examining the effects of beta-alanine and sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity intermittent upper-body performance in judo and jiu-jitsu competitors. Beta-alanine and sodium bicarbonate alone increased total work done by 7% and 8%, respectively, with a combined additive effect of 14%. Both substances improved mean power in various exercise bouts, with the combination enhancing mean power in all four bouts and reducing perceived exertion.
Effect of Beta alanine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on repeated-sprint performance.
RCT investigating the effects of beta alanine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on repeated-sprint performance in team-sport athletes. Sodium bicarbonate alone showed moderate benefits for sprint performance, while the combination of beta alanine and sodium bicarbonate showed possible to likely benefits. Beta alanine alone showed no performance differences.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on sprint endurance.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled study on 21 anaerobically trained men to examine the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on sprint endurance at supramaximal intensities. The study found no significant effect of beta-alanine on time to exhaustion or lactate response.
Effect of beta-alanine, with and without sodium bicarbonate, on 2000-m rowing performance.
RCT examining the effect of beta-alanine and beta-alanine with sodium bicarbonate supplementation on 2,000-m rowing performance in 20 well-trained rowers. Beta-alanine supplementation improved rowing performance, with additional benefits observed when combined with sodium bicarbonate.
Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on 800-m running performance.
RCT assessing the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on 800 m running performance in 18 male recreational club runners. Beta-alanine supplementation for 28 days significantly improved race times compared to placebo, with faster split times and overall performance.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation and interval training on physiological determinants of severe exercise performance.
RCT with 16 active men examining the effects of beta-alanine supplementation and interval training on severe exercise performance. Beta-alanine increased leg muscle carnosine and aerobic energy contribution during severe cycling, reduced muscle lactate accumulation, and enhanced motivation and perceived state during high-intensity interval training.
The effect of beta-alanine supplementation on isokinetic force and cycling performance in highly trained cyclists.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study on beta-alanine supplementation in 16 highly trained cyclists over 4 weeks. Beta-alanine increased isokinetic average power/repetition and reduced fatigue index compared to placebo, with likely benefits in cycling performance, though not all results were statistically significant.
Effect of 10 week beta-alanine supplementation on competition and training performance in elite swimmers.
RCT of beta-alanine supplementation in 41 elite swimmers over 10 weeks, comparing performance in competition and training settings. Beta-alanine showed minimal effect on swimming performance and no meaningful changes in blood chemistry.
Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine supplementation on muscle carnosine, body composition and exercise performance in recreationally active females
This study examined the effects of beta-alanine and creatine supplementation on muscle carnosine, body composition, and exercise performance in 32 recreationally active females over 28 days. No significant differences were observed among groups in changes in muscle carnosine levels, muscle phosphagen levels, or exercise performance, indicating no consistent additive benefits of the supplementation.
Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on 2000-m rowing-ergometer performance.
RCT assessing the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on 2,000-m rowing-ergometer performance in 16 well-trained male rowers. Beta-alanine group showed improved race times and power outputs at certain distances, but overall performance enhancement was inconclusive.
Effect of two β-alanine dosing protocols on muscle carnosine synthesis and washout.
This placebo-controlled, double-blind RCT compared two 8-week beta-alanine dosing regimens on muscle carnosine synthesis and washout in 31 young males. The study found that muscle carnosine increases were dependent on the total beta-alanine consumed, with significant increases observed within 2 weeks. Washout rates were gradual, and no changes were observed in the placebo group.
Exercise-induced oxidative stress: the effects of β-alanine supplementation in women.
RCT evaluating the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on oxidative stress markers in 24 women. No significant treatment effects on oxidative stress were found, and beta-alanine showed little antioxidant potential and influence on aerobic performance.
Effect of β-alanine plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity.
RCT examining the effect of beta-alanine supplementation plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity in 20 males. Time to exhaustion increased in all conditions after supplementation, with the greatest improvement in the beta-alanine plus sodium bicarbonate condition. Blood bicarbonate and lactate concentrations were significantly elevated in certain conditions.
Beta-alanine (Carnosyn™) supplementation in elderly subjects (60–80 years): effects on muscle carnosine content and physical capacity
RCT investigating beta-alanine supplementation in 18 elderly subjects over 12 weeks. Beta-alanine significantly increased muscle carnosine content and improved exercise capacity compared to placebo.
Beta-alanine (Carnosyn™) supplementation in elderly subjects (60-80 years): effects on muscle carnosine content and physical capacity.
RCT investigating the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise capacity and muscle carnosine content in 18 elderly subjects. Beta-alanine significantly increased muscle carnosine content and improved time-to-exhaustion in exercise tests compared to placebo.
Effect of slow-release β-alanine tablets on absorption kinetics and paresthesia.
Single-blinded, randomized three-arm clinical trial comparing plasma kinetics and symptoms of β-alanine in solution versus slow-release tablet form in 11 healthy adults. Slow-release tablets resulted in slower absorption, improved retention, and sensory side-effects similar to placebo.
Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women.
RCT evaluating the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with and without beta-alanine supplementation on cardiovascular fitness in 44 women. VO2 peak increased in both beta-alanine and placebo groups, but no additive effect of beta-alanine was observed. Body mass increased only in the beta-alanine group, while body composition improved across all groups.
Important role of muscle carnosine in rowing performance.
RCT investigating the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine content and rowing performance in 18 elite rowers. Beta-alanine supplementation increased muscle carnosine content and improved 2,000-m rowing performance, suggesting muscle carnosine as a determinant of rowing performance.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial.
Double-blind trial evaluating the effects of beta-alanine supplementation combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on endurance performance and body composition in 46 recreationally active men. Significant improvements in VO2peak, VO2TTE, TWD, and lean body mass were observed in the beta-alanine group after six weeks.
Beta-alanine supplementation reduces acidosis but not oxygen uptake response during high-intensity cycling exercise.
This placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of 4 weeks of oral beta-alanine supplementation on acidosis and oxygen uptake kinetics during high-intensity cycling in 14 male physical education students. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly reduced exercise-induced acidosis compared to placebo, without affecting blood lactate and bicarbonate concentrations, and reduced the time delay of the fast component of oxygen uptake kinetics, although it did not reduce oxygen deficit.
The effect of 4 weeks beta-alanine supplementation and isokinetic training on carnosine concentrations in type I and II human skeletal muscle fibres.
RCT with 14 male students comparing beta-alanine supplementation to placebo over 4 weeks, combined with isokinetic training. Beta-alanine increased carnosine concentrations in type I and II muscle fibers, while training alone had no effect. The increase in carnosine was not further influenced by training.
Beta-alanine and the hormonal response to exercise.
RCT examining the effect of 30 days of beta-alanine supplementation on resistance exercise performance and endocrine changes in eight experienced resistance-trained men. Beta-alanine supplementation significantly improved muscular endurance but did not affect the acute endocrine response to exercise.
beta-Alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters.
A placebo-controlled, double-blind RCT with 15 male sprinters tested the effects of 4.8 g/day beta-alanine supplementation for 4 weeks. Beta-alanine significantly increased muscle carnosine content and improved dynamic knee extension torque during repeated contraction bouts, but did not affect isometric endurance or 400-m race time.
Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women.
This study examined the effects of 28 days of beta-alanine supplementation on physical working capacity at fatigue threshold, ventilatory threshold, maximal oxygen consumption, and time-to-exhaustion in 22 women. Beta-alanine supplementation resulted in significant increases in ventilatory threshold, physical working capacity at fatigue threshold, and time-to-exhaustion, but did not affect maximal aerobic power.
Kynurenine and Beta-Alanine Serum Levels are Associated with the Expression of Wnt Pathway Genes in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
The study examined serum beta-alanine and kynurenine levels and expression of Wnt pathway genes in leukocytes from 45 patients with Parkinson's disease and 45 healthy subjects. Serum levels of both substances were higher in PD patients, and some Wnt pathway gene expressions were decreased in leukocytes.
Multi-target action of β-alanine protects cerebellar tissue from ischemic damage
The study investigates the neuroprotective effects of β-Alanine in ex vivo brain preparations under stroke-mimicking conditions. β-Alanine protects brain cells through multiple pharmacological mechanisms, suggesting its potential for acute stroke treatment and recovery facilitation.