Research

Apple Cider Vinegar

6 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.

3
Meta-analyses
1
Systematic reviews
2
RCTs
0
Other studies
Meta-analyses (50%)
Systematic reviews (17%)
RCTs (33%)

Studies

Sorted by quality and recency

2025·Current medicinal chemistry·Sahar Dadkhah Tehrani, Mahdi Keshani, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani, et al

The Effects of Apple Cider Vinegar on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials.

Meta-analysisn = 1,320Heart Health Nutrition

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 clinical trials with 1320 adults evaluating the effects of apple cider vinegar on cardiometabolic risk factors. ACV consumption significantly improved fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and total cholesterol levels, with no significant effects on BMI, HOMA-IR, serum insulin, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C.

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2025·Nutrients·Alberto Castagna, Yvelise Ferro, Francesca Rita Noto, et al

Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar Intake on Body Composition in Humans with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Meta-analysisn = 789Physique

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 RCTs with 789 participants assessed the effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on body composition in adults. The results showed that daily ACV intake significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, suggesting ACV as a promising adjunctive strategy for short-term weight management in adults with excess body weight or metabolic complications.

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2025·Frontiers in nutrition·Donya Arjmandfard, Mehrdad Behzadi, Zahra Sohrabi, et al

Effects of apple cider vinegar on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.

Systematic reviewNutrition

Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of controlled trials evaluating apple cider vinegar's effects on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. ACV significantly reduced fasting blood sugar and HbA1c levels, and increased insulin, but did not affect insulin resistance.

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2021·BMC complementary medicine and therapies·Amir Hadi, Makan Pourmasoumi, Ameneh Najafgholizadeh, et al

The effect of apple cider vinegar on lipid profiles and glycemic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Meta-analysisHeart Health Nutrition

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of apple cider vinegar on lipid profiles and glycemic parameters. ACV consumption significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1C concentrations, with no significant effect on serum LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting insulin concentrations, or HOMA-IR.

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2021·PloS one·Lydia A Luu, Richard H Flowers, Yingnan Gao, et al

Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.

RCTn = 22

Randomized pilot study with 11 atopic dermatitis subjects and 11 healthy controls examining the effects of topical dilute apple cider vinegar soaks on skin bacterial microbiome. Results showed no significant difference in skin bacterial microbiome or Staphylococcus aureus abundance after 2 weeks of treatment.

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2019·Pediatric dermatology·Lydia A Luu, Richard H Flowers, Ann L Kellams, et al

Apple cider vinegar soaks [0.5%] as a treatment for atopic dermatitis do not improve skin barrier integrity.

RCTn = 22Skin Hair Health -

Pilot split-arm study analyzed the effect of dilute apple cider vinegar soaks on skin barrier integrity in patients with atopic dermatitis. Transepidermal water loss increased and pH decreased immediately post-treatment, but effects were not sustained. Majority of subjects reported mild side effects, indicating no significant improvement in skin barrier integrity.

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