Research
Andrographis
49 peer-reviewed studies curated from PubMed and Semantic Scholar.
Studies
Sorted by quality and recency
Efficacy and safety of AP-Bio®(KalmCold®) in participants with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract viral infection (common cold) - A phase III, double-blind, parallel group, randomized placebo-controlled trial.
This phase III double-blind RCT evaluated the efficacy of AP-Bio (a standardized extract of Andrographis paniculata) in 300 participants with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections. The AP-Bio groups showed significantly lower WURSS-21 scores compared to placebo on Day-3, indicating a positive effect on symptom resolution. However, no significant differences were observed on Day-5 and Day-7. No adverse physical symptoms were reported, though eosinophilia was noted in some participants.
Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of Andrographis paniculata assessing adverse event incidence in patients with upper respiratory tract infection, noninfective diarrhea, and autoimmune disease. Serious adverse events were rare, while nonserious adverse events were common, particularly gastrointestinal and skin-related.
Andrographis paniculata (Chuān Xīn Lián) for symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections in adults and children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 RCTs involving 7175 patients evaluating Andrographis Paniculata for acute respiratory tract infections. The substance improved cough and sore throat symptoms and shortened the duration of symptoms compared to placebo and usual care. No major adverse events were reported, but the methodological quality of the trials was poor.
Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of safety and efficacy.
Systematic review of seven double-blind, controlled trials evaluating Andrographis paniculata for upper respiratory tract infections. The herb was found to be superior to placebo in alleviating symptoms and showed preliminary evidence of a preventative effect. Adverse events were generally mild and infrequent.
Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing Andrographis paniculata for symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection. The review included 433 patients and found that A. paniculata, alone or with A. senticosus, was more effective than placebo in reducing symptom severity.
Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract treatment in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients being treated with favipiravir: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (APFaVi trial).
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Thailand assessed the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract (APE) plus favipiravir versus placebo plus favipiravir in 146 non-severe COVID-19 patients. The study found no additional clinical or virological benefits of APE treatment, though it may reduce IL-1β levels, potentially preventing cytokine storms in severe COVID-19.
Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata spray in acute pharyngitis: A randomized controlled trial.
This randomized, double-blind study evaluated the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata spray in 60 adult patients with acute viral pharyngitis. The A. paniculata spray significantly reduced the severity of symptoms such as sore throat and difficulty swallowing more rapidly than a chamomile spray, with no adverse events reported.
A validated LC-MS/MS method for clinical pharmacokinetics and presumptive phase II metabolic pathways following oral administration of Andrographis paniculata extract.
The study developed a liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method for determining major diterpenoids in plasma and urine, applied to pharmacokinetics of Andrographis paniculata extract. After oral administration, major diterpenoids entered systemic circulation and were biotransformed into glucuronide and sulfate metabolites, predominantly found in plasma and eliminated through urine.
Comparative pharmacokinetics and safety evaluation of high dosage regimens of Andrographis paniculata aqueous extract after single and multiple oral administration in healthy participants
The study investigated the pharmacokinetics and safety of high dosage regimens of Andrographis paniculata aqueous extract in healthy participants. It found a dose-dependent increase in plasma concentrations of the major diterpenoids and their metabolites, with mild and reversible adverse events reported.
Combination of Activating Blood Circulation and Detoxifying Chinese Medicines Played an Anti-Inflammatory Role in Unstable Angina Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Multicenter, Open-Labeled, Randomized Controlled Trial.
This multicenter, open-labeled, randomized controlled trial investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Guanxin Danshen Dropping Pill combined with Andrographis tablet in unstable angina patients. The combination treatment showed superior performance in reducing inflammatory factors and improving clinical symptoms compared to Guanxin Danshen Dropping Pill alone.
Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from Andrographis paniculata and its therapeutic promises in cancer.
This systematic review highlights andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from Andrographis paniculata, as a promising agent in cancer treatment. It reviews 139 articles, including pre-clinical and clinical studies, showing andrographolide's cytotoxic/anticancer effects through mechanisms like oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.
Andrographis paniculata extract (HMPL-004) for active ulcerative colitis.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract (HMPL-004) in 224 adults with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis. Patients receiving 1,800 mg daily were more likely to achieve clinical response than those receiving placebo.
A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis paniculata (KalmCold) in patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection.
A randomized, double blind placebo controlled clinical study evaluated the efficacy of KalmCold, an extract of Andrographis paniculata, in 223 patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection. The KalmCold group showed significant improvement in symptom scores compared to placebo, with a 52.7% higher efficacy in reducing symptoms.
A randomized, controlled study of Kan Jang versus amantadine in the treatment of influenza in Volgograd.
Two randomized, parallel-group clinical studies investigated the effect of a standardized extract (SHA-10) of Andrographis paniculata (Kan Jang) in treating influenza. The study involved 606 patients, showing that Kan Jang contributes to quicker recovery and reduces the risk of post-influenza complications.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot and phase III study of activity of standardized Andrographis paniculata Herba Nees extract fixed combination (Kan jang) in the treatment of uncomplicated upper-respiratory tract infection.
Two randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trials investigated the effect of Andrographis paniculata extract (Kan jang) on upper-respiratory tract infections. The phase III study showed significant improvement in symptom and diagnosis scores in the treatment group compared to placebo.
The effect of Andrographis paniculata water extract on palliative management of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-A phase II clinical trial.
Phase II clinical trial investigating Andrographis paniculata water extract in palliative care for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Among 30 patients, those completing the treatment showed significantly longer overall survival and improved quality of life. The treatment also shifted gut microbiota composition towards that of healthy individuals.
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata standardized extract (ParActin®) on pain reduction in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract (ParActin) on pain reduction in 103 patients with knee osteoarthritis. Patients treated with 300 or 600 mg/day of ParActin showed significant reductions in pain, joint stiffness, and improvements in physical function, fatigue, and quality of life compared to placebo.
Phytochemical screening and preliminary clinical trials of the aqueous extract mixture of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees and Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp leaves in metformin treated patients with type 2 diabetes.
RCT of 54 type 2 diabetic patients comparing an extract mixture of Andrographis paniculata and Syzygium polyanthum to placebo, alongside metformin treatment. The extract mixture improved fasting and postprandial glucose levels, significantly lowered BMI, and appeared beneficial for SGPT values and uric acid levels.
Efficacy and safety of treatments in Familial Mediterranean fever: a systematic review.
Systematic review of treatments for Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), focusing on colchicine, Andrographis paniculata Herba Nees extract, Rilonacept, and interferon. Colchicine was found effective, but safety was not clearly mentioned. The review included seven studies, with varying quality of evidence.
Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine.
Randomised, double-blind, multicentre study comparing HMPL-004 (andrographis paniculata extract) to mesalazine in 120 patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis. Clinical remission and response rates were similar between the two groups, suggesting HMPL-004 may be an efficacious alternative.
Efficacy of an Andrographis paniculata composition for the relief of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract (Paractin) in 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 14 weeks. The study found significant reductions in tender and swollen joints, rheumatoid factor, IgA, and C4 levels, suggesting potential benefits for inflammation and joint health, though pain intensity differences were not statistically significant.
A phase I clinical study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang versus ginseng and valerian on the semen quality of healthy male subjects.
Phase I clinical study comparing the effects of Kan Jang (Andrographis paniculata and Acanthopanax senticosus), ginseng, and valerian on semen quality in healthy males. Kan Jang showed a positive trend in sperm quality and fertility indexes, while ginseng and valerian showed no significant negative effects on fertility parameters.
Comparative controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination, Kan Jang and an Echinacea preparation as adjuvant, in the treatment of uncomplicated respiratory disease in children.
A three-arm RCT comparing Kan Jang (Andrographis paniculata) and Immunal (Echinacea purpurea) as adjuvants to standard treatment in 130 children with uncomplicated common colds. Kan Jang was significantly more effective than Immunal in reducing symptoms and accelerating recovery, with less use of standard medication in the Kan Jang group.
[Effectiveness of using the drug Kan-Yang in children with acute respiratory viral infection (clinico-functional data)].
A randomized trial of Kan-Yang, containing andrographis and eleutherococcus extracts, in 53 children with acute respiratory viral infection. The study found that Kan-Yang tablets significantly relieved the treatment course and promoted cure with good tolerance.
A double blind, placebo-controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis.
A double blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the effect of Andrographis paniculata extract SHA-10 fixed combination, Kan Jang, in treating acute upper respiratory tract infections, including sinusitis. The treatment group showed significant improvement in symptoms such as headache, nasal and throat symptoms, and general malaise compared to placebo. The study concluded that Kan Jang positively affects acute upper respiratory tract infections and relieves sinusitis symptoms.
Computational investigation on Andrographis paniculata phytochemicals to evaluate their potency against SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to known antiviral compounds in drug trials
Computational study using molecular docking and free energy calculations to evaluate the potency of phytochemicals from Andrographis paniculata against SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests that neoandrographolide (AGP3) could be a cost-effective drug-analog for treating Covid-19 infection.
Immunoprotective potential of Ayurvedic herb Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) against respiratory viral infections - LC-MS/MS and network pharmacology analysis.
The study investigates the immunoprotective potential of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) against respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19, using LC-MS/MS metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis. The results suggest that molecules from Kalmegh provide immune protection and an anti-viral response through various pathways, such as the toll-like receptor, PI3/AKT, and MAP kinase pathways.
Effects of dietary supplementation of leaves and whole plant of Andrographis paniculata on rumen fermentation, fatty acid composition and microbiota in goats.
RCT examining the effects of dietary supplementation of Andrographis paniculata leaves and whole plant on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, fatty acids, and rumen microbial population in goats. The study found improved nutrient digestibility and changes in rumen fermentation and fatty acid composition in goats fed with Andrographis paniculata compared to control.
Clinical Parameters following Multiple Oral Dose Administration of a Standardized Andrographis paniculata Capsule in Healthy Thai Subjects.
The study investigated the physiological effects of short-term multiple dose administration of a standardized Andrographis paniculata capsule in 20 healthy Thai subjects. Clinical parameters remained within normal ranges, with some modulation observed, such as induction of white blood cells and reduction in plasma alkaline phosphatase. A transient reduction in blood pressure was noted 30 minutes after administration.
Andrographis paniculata decreases fatigue in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 12-month double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study.
A 12-month double-blind placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of 170 mg of Andrographis paniculata on fatigue in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients receiving interferon beta. The study found a significant reduction in Fatigue Severity Scores in the A. paniculata group compared to placebo, with a 44% reduction at 12 months.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, pilot clinical trial of ImmunoGuard--a standardized fixed combination of Andrographis paniculata Nees, with Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim, Schizandra chinensis Bail. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. extracts in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of ImmunoGuard, a combination of Andrographis paniculata, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Schizandra chinensis, and Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts, in 24 patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever. The verum group showed significant improvement in attack characteristics compared to placebo, suggesting ImmunoGuard is safe and efficacious for FMF management.
A phase I trial of andrographolide in HIV positive patients and normal volunteers.
Phase I dose-escalating clinical trial of andrographolide in 13 HIV positive patients and 5 healthy volunteers. The trial assessed safety, tolerability, and effects on plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4(+) lymphocyte levels. A significant rise in CD4(+) lymphocyte levels was observed in HIV subjects after administration of 10 mg/kg andrographolide. The trial was interrupted at 6 weeks due to adverse events.
Use of visual analogue scale measurements (VAS) to asses the effectiveness of standardized Andrographis paniculata extract SHA-10 in reducing the symptoms of common cold. A randomized double blind-placebo study.
RCT of 158 adults comparing Andrographis paniculata extract (1200 mg/day) to placebo over 5 days for common cold symptoms. Significant reduction in symptoms like tiredness, sleeplessness, sore throat, and nasal secretion was observed in the Andrographis group starting from day 2.
Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, Nees for pharyngotonsillitis in adults.
RCT of 152 adult patients with pharyngotonsillitis comparing paracetamol, 3 g/day of Andrographis paniculata, and 6 g/day of Andrographis paniculata for 7 days. High dose Andrographis paniculata and paracetamol were more effective than low dose Andrographis paniculata at day 3 in relieving fever and sore throat. Clinical effects were similar at day 7.
Asparagus polysaccharide attenuates atherosclerosis by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.
The study investigated the effects of asparagus polysaccharide (AP) on atherosclerosis in an ApoEmurine model fed a high-fat diet. AP significantly alleviated aortic lesions, decreased serum lipid levels, and reduced inflammatory factors in the aorta. It also modulated gut microbiota and metabolites, suggesting its anti-atherosclerotic effects are mediated through the gut microbiota-metabolite axis.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Andrographis paniculata Extract and Its Major Component Andrographolide in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Cytotoxicity Evaluation in Major Organ Cell Representatives
The study evaluated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and its major component andrographolide in human lung epithelial cells (Calu-3). Both substances significantly inhibited the production of infectious virions, with low cytotoxicity in major organ cell representatives, suggesting potential for further development against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Undetectable anti-bacterial activity of Andrographis paniculata (Burma) wall. ex ness.
The study investigated the anti-bacterial activity of Andrographis paniculata (AP) in various settings, including direct assays and serum bactericidal activity in humans, as well as tissue cultures in rats. No anti-bacterial activity was detected in any of the tests conducted.
Andrographolide, a natural anti-inflammatory agent: An Update
This narrative review discusses the application, anti-inflammatory mechanism, and molecular targets of andrographolide, the main active ingredient of Andrographis paniculata, in treating various inflammatory diseases. It also covers its toxicity, safety, and potential clinical applications as an anti-inflammatory agent.
A Comprehensive Review of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and Its Constituents as Potential Lead Compounds for COVID-19 Drug Discovery
This narrative review summarizes the pharmacological properties, safety, and efficacy of Andrographis paniculata and its constituents, highlighting its potential as a source of lead compounds for COVID-19 drug discovery. The review discusses its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antipyretic activities, as well as its effectiveness in reducing the severity of upper respiratory tract infection manifestations.
Anticancer potential of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and its mechanisms of action.
This review highlights the medicinal importance of Andrographis paniculata and its main phytoconstituent andrographolide, focusing on its anticancer activity and mechanisms of action. It discusses the potential of andrographolide as an adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment and the need for further research on its efficacy in humans.
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: An Updated Review of Phytochemistry, Antimicrobial Pharmacology, and Clinical Safety and Efficacy
This narrative review evaluates the antimicrobial therapeutic potency of Andrographis paniculata and its metabolites, focusing on their mechanism of action against invasive microbes and biofilm formation. Controlled clinical trials indicate that A. paniculata is safe and effective for treating acute respiratory tract infections like the common cold and sinusitis.
An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure andrographolide
In vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure andrographolide. The study found that the inhibitory effect on TNF-α release was mostly due to andrographolide content, despite variability in non-standardised phytochemical components.
Antidiabetic and antihiperlipidemic effect of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and andrographolide in high-fructose-fat-fed rats
The study investigates the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Andrographis paniculata and its active compound andrographolide in high-fructose-fat-fed rats. The extract and andrographolide significantly decreased blood glucose, triglyceride, and LDL levels compared to controls, showing hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.
Effect of Andrographolide and Its Analogs on Bacterial Infection: A Review
This review discusses the therapeutic potential of andrographolide (AG) and its analogs in combating bacterial infections. AG, the main active component of Andrographis paniculata, has antibacterial effects and may help regulate immunity to reduce infectious inflammation.
Andrographolide, a New Hope in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
This review discusses the potential of andrographolide and its analogs/derivatives in managing metabolic syndrome components such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity, as well as cardiovascular diseases. It highlights the broad spectrum of biological activities of andrographolide, suggesting its potential role in metabolic syndrome management.
Andrographis paniculata: A Review of its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
This review compiles the pharmacological applications of Andrographis paniculata, highlighting its chemical constituents and multiple pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, antitumor, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, and hypotensive activities. The plant is advocated as a safe and important medicinal plant.
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: A Review of Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology
This narrative review discusses the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal plant used for various health conditions including common cold, diarrhoea, fever, liver and cardiovascular health, and sexual dysfunctions. The review highlights the phytoconstituents and proposes further study areas in pharmacology.
Harnessing the medicinal properties of Andrographis paniculata for diseases and beyond: a review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology
This narrative review discusses the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal plant used traditionally for various diseases. It covers the plant's medicinal usage, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and toxicity profile, highlighting its anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and immunostimulant properties, among others.
Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology of Andrographis paniculata and Its Major Bioactive Phytoconstituent Andrographolide
The paper reviews the pharmacological effects of Andrographis paniculata and its major bioactive constituent andrographolide. It discusses their use in treating sore throat, flu, and upper respiratory tract infections, as well as their anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-HIV, antifeedant, and antiviral properties. The paper also summarizes andrographolide's effects on cardiovascular disease, platelet activation, infertility, and NF-κB activation.